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Yang Q, Chen S, Wang D, Qiu Y, Chen Z, Yang H, Chen X, Yin Z, Pan C. The Enhanced Thermoelectric and Mechanical Performance of Polythiophene/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composites with Polar Ethylene Glycol Branched-Chain Modifications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:943. [PMID: 38611201 PMCID: PMC11013142 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to develop flexible thermoelectric materials with thermoelectric and mechanical properties, in this study, we designed and synthesized polythiophene derivatives with branched ethylene glycol polar side-chains named P3MBTEMT, which were used in combination with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to prepare composite thin films and flexible thermoelectric devices. A comparison was made with a polymer named P3(TEG)T, which has a polar alkoxy linear chain. The UV-vis results indicated that the larger steric hindrances of the branched ethylene glycol side-chain in P3MBTEMT could inhibit its self-aggregation and had a stronger interaction with the SWCNTs compared to that of P3(TEG)T, which was also confirmed using Raman spectroscopy. When the mass ratio of SWCNTs to P3MBTEMT was 9:1 (represented as P3MBTEMT/SWCNTs-0.9), the composite film exhibited the highest thermoelectric properties with a power factor of 446.98 μW m-1 K-2, which was more than two times higher than that of P3(TEG)T/SWCNTs-0.9 (215.08 μW m-1 K-2). The output power of the thermoelectric device with P3MBTEMT/SWCNTs-0.9 was 2483.92 nW at 50 K, which was 1.66 times higher than that of P3(TEG)T/SWCNTs-0.9 (1492.65 nW). Furthermore, the P3MBTEMT/SWCNTs-0.5 showed superior mechanical properties compared to P3(TEG)T/SWCNTs-0.5. These results indicated that the mechanical and thermoelectric performances of polymer/SWCNT composites could be significantly improved by adding polar branched side-chains to conjugated polymers. This study provided a new strategy for creating high-performing novel flexible thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Q.Y.); (S.C.); (D.W.); (H.Y.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Shihong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Q.Y.); (S.C.); (D.W.); (H.Y.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Dagang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Q.Y.); (S.C.); (D.W.); (H.Y.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yongfu Qiu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.Q.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhongming Chen
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China; (Y.Q.); (Z.C.)
| | - Haixin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Q.Y.); (S.C.); (D.W.); (H.Y.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Q.Y.); (S.C.); (D.W.); (H.Y.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zijian Yin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Q.Y.); (S.C.); (D.W.); (H.Y.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Chengjun Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (Q.Y.); (S.C.); (D.W.); (H.Y.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
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Lin PS, Lin JM, Tung SH, Higashihara T, Liu CL. Synergistic Interactions in Sequential Process Doping of Polymer/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites for Enhanced n-Type Thermoelectric Performance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306166. [PMID: 37847895 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the fabrication of nanocomposite thermoelectric devices by blending either a naphthalene-diimide (NDI)-based conjugated polymer (NDI-T1 or NDI-T2), or an isoindigo (IID)-based conjugated polymer (IID-T2), with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). This is followed by sequential process doping method with the small molecule 4-(2,3-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylbenzenamine (N-DMBI) to provide the nanocomposite with n-type thermoelectric properties. Experiments in which the concentrations of the N-DMBI dopant are varied demonstrate the successful conversion of all three polymer/SWCNT nanocomposites from p-type to n-type behavior. Comprehensive spectroscopic, microstructural, and morphological analyses of the pristine polymers and the various N-DMBI-doped polymer/SWCNT nanocomposites are performed in order to gain insights into the effects of various interactions between the polymers and SWCNTs on the doping outcomes. Among the obtained nanocomposites, the NDI-T1/SWCNT exhibits the highest n-type Seebeck coefficient and power factor of -57.7 µV K-1 and 240.6 µW m-1 K-2 , respectively. However, because the undoped NDI-T2/SWCNT exhibits a slightly higher p-type performance, an integral p-n thermoelectric generator is fabricated using the doped and undoped NDI-T2/SWCNT nanocomposite. This device is shown to provide an output power of 27.2 nW at a temperature difference of 20 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Shen Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Min Lin
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tomoya Higashihara
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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3
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Wang KC, Lin PS, Lin YC, Tung SH, Chen WC, Liu CL. Tunable Thermoelectric Performance of the Nanocomposites Formed by Diketopyrrolopyrrole/Isoindigo-Based Donor-Acceptor Random Conjugated Copolymers and Carbon Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:56116-56126. [PMID: 38010815 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of thermoelectric properties in nanocomposites comprising donor-acceptor random conjugated copolymers and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The composition of the conjugated polymers, specifically the ratio of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) to isoindigo (IID), is manipulated to design a series of random conjugated copolymers (DPP0, DPP5, DPP10, DPP30, DPP50, DPP90, DPP95, and DPP100). The objective is to improve the dispersion of SWCNTs into smaller bundles, leading to enhanced thermoelectric properties of the polymer/SWCNT nanocomposite. This dispersion strategy promotes an interconnected conducting network, which plays a critical role in optimizing the thermoelectric performance. Accordingly, the effects of morphologies on the thermoelectric properties of the nanocomposites are systematically investigated. The DPP95/SWCNT nanocomposite exhibits the strongest interaction, resulting in the highest power factor (PF) of 711.1 μW m-1 K-2, derived from the high electrical conductivity of 1690 S cm-1 and Seebeck coefficient of 64.8 μV K-1. The prototype flexible thermoelectric generators assembled with a DPP95/SWCNT film achieve a maximum power output of 20.4 μW m-2 at a temperature difference of 29.3 K. These findings highlight the potential of manipulating the composition of random conjugated copolymers and incorporating SWCNTs to efficiently harvest low-grade waste heat in wearable thermoelectric devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chieh Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Shen Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tung
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chen
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Center of Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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4
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Kim T, Jang JG, Kim SH, Hong J. Molecular Engineering for Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/π-Conjugated Organic Small Molecule Hybrids. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302922. [PMID: 37863818 PMCID: PMC10667833 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Hybridizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with π-conjugated organic small molecules (π-OSMs) offers a promising approach for producing high-performance thermoelectric (TE) materials through the facile optimization of the molecular geometry and energy levels of π-OSMs. Designing a twisted molecular structure for the π-OSM with the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level comparable to the valence band of SWCNTs enables effective energy filtering between the two materials. The SWCNTs/twisted π-OSM hybrid exhibits a high Seebeck coefficient of 110.4 ± 2.6 µV K-1 , leading to a significantly improved power factor of 2,136 µW m-1 K-2 , which is 2.6 times higher than that of SWCNTs. Moreover, a maximum figure of merit over 0.13 at room temperature is achieved via the efficient TE transport of the SWCNTs/twisted π-OSM hybrid. The study highlights the promising potential of optimizing molecular engineering of π-OSMs for hybridization with SWCNTs to create next-generation, efficient TE materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae‐Hoon Kim
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Jang
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Department of Carbon Convergence EngineeringWonkwang UniversityIksan54538South Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Carbon Convergence EngineeringWonkwang UniversityIksan54538South Korea
| | - Jong‐In Hong
- Department of ChemistrySeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
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5
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Doping and Thermoelectric Behaviors of Donor-Acceptor Polymers with Extended Planar Backbone. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-021-9099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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6
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Liu S, Dong H, Zhang R, Zhang W, Sun X, Geng S, Wang K, Ma L, Huang Y. One-pot synthesis and versatile applications of recyclable aminal-linked dynamic framework. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05684k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A recyclable polyhemiaminal dynamic network (PHDN) and its composites were prepared via in situ polymerization. The obtained versatile materials is promising for high-performance functional thermosetting materials and electrochemical active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hao Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Renjie Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xinwei Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Shuchen Geng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lina Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yudong Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
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7
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Massetti M, Jiao F, Ferguson AJ, Zhao D, Wijeratne K, Würger A, Blackburn JL, Crispin X, Fabiano S. Unconventional Thermoelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting and Sensing Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12465-12547. [PMID: 34702037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat is an abundant but often wasted source of energy. Thus, harvesting just a portion of this tremendous amount of energy holds significant promise for a more sustainable society. While traditional solid-state inorganic semiconductors have dominated the research stage on thermal-to-electrical energy conversion, carbon-based semiconductors have recently attracted a great deal of attention as potential thermoelectric materials for low-temperature energy harvesting, primarily driven by the high abundance of their atomic elements, ease of processing/manufacturing, and intrinsically low thermal conductivity. This quest for new materials has resulted in the discovery of several new kinds of thermoelectric materials and concepts capable of converting a heat flux into an electrical current by means of various types of particles transporting the electric charge: (i) electrons, (ii) ions, and (iii) redox molecules. This has contributed to expanding the applications envisaged for thermoelectric materials far beyond simple conversion of heat into electricity. This is the motivation behind this review. This work is divided in three sections. In the first section, we present the basic principle of the thermoelectric effects when the particles transporting the electric charge are electrons, ions, and redox molecules and describe the conceptual differences between the three thermodiffusion phenomena. In the second section, we review the efforts made on developing devices exploiting these three effects and give a thorough understanding of what limits their performance. In the third section, we review the state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials investigated so far and provide a comprehensive understanding of what limits charge and energy transport in each of these classes of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Massetti
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Fei Jiao
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Andrew J Ferguson
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, 80401 United States
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Kosala Wijeratne
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Alois Würger
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière d'Aquitaine, Université de Bordeaux, 351 cours de la Libération, F-33405 Talence Cedex, France
| | | | - Xavier Crispin
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden
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8
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Li J, Wang Z, Sun Z, Xu L, Wong WY. Effect of the Linking Group on the Thermoelectric Properties of Poly(Schiff Base)s and Their Metallopolymers. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:1911-1917. [PMID: 34081844 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
As polymer-based thermoelectric (TE) materials possess attractive features such as light weight, flexibility, low toxicity and ease of processibility, an increasing number of conducting polymers and their composites with high TE performances have been developed in recent years. Up to date, however, the research focusing on the structure-performance relationship remains rare. In this paper, two series of poly(Schiff base)s with either C=C or C≡C linker and their metallopolymers were synthesized and doped with single-walled carbon nanotubes to evaluate how the linking groups affected the TE properties of the resulting composites. Apart from the effect exerted by the morphology, experimental results suggested that the linkers played a key role in determining the band gaps, preferred molecular conformation and extent of conjugation of the polymers, which became key factors that influenced the TE properties of the resulting materials. Additionally, upon coordination with transition metal ions, the TE properties could be tuned readily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Li
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Zitong Wang
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zelin Sun
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Linli Xu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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9
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Chen Z, Qin S, Jin J, Wang Y, Li Z, Luo J, Huang H, Wang L, Liu D. Manipulating Carrier Concentration by Self-Assembled Monolayers in Thermoelectric Polymer Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:32067-32074. [PMID: 34190526 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers have attracted considerable attention for thermoelectric applications in recent years due to their plentiful resources, diverse structures, mechanical flexibility, and low thermal conductivity. Herein, we demonstrate a new strategy of modulating charge carrier concentration of chemical-doped polymer films by modifying the substrate with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The SAM with a trifluoromethyl terminal group is found to accumulate holes in the polymer thin films, while the SAM with an amino terminal group tends to donate electrons to the polymer films. Thermoelectric thin films of conjugated donor-acceptor copolymer exhibit high power factors of 55.6-61.0 μW m-1 K-2 on SAMs with polar terminal groups. These power factors are 49% higher than that on the SAM with the nonpolar terminal group and 3 times higher than that on pristine substrate. The high power factor is ascribed to the modulated charge carrier concentration and improved charge carrier mobility as induced by SAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhua Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shihui Qin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jiaoying Jin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yanzhao Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiye Luo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongfeng Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Danqing Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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10
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Rong G, Zheng Y, Sawan M. Energy Solutions for Wearable Sensors: A Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21113806. [PMID: 34072770 PMCID: PMC8197793 DOI: 10.3390/s21113806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wearable sensors have gained popularity over the years since they offer constant and real-time physiological information about the human body. Wearable sensors have been applied in a variety of ways in clinical settings to monitor health conditions. These technologies require energy sources to carry out their projected functionalities. In this paper, we review the main energy sources used to power wearable sensors. These energy sources include batteries, solar cells, biofuel cells, supercapacitors, thermoelectric generators, piezoelectric and triboelectric generators, and radio frequency (RF) energy harvesters. Additionally, we discuss wireless power transfer and some hybrids of the above technologies. The advantages and drawbacks of each technology are considered along with the system components and attributes that make these devices function effectively. The objective of this review is to inform researchers about the latest developments in this field and present future research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoguang Rong
- CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China; (G.R.); (Y.Z.)
- CenBRAIN Lab., Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yuqiao Zheng
- CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China; (G.R.); (Y.Z.)
- CenBRAIN Lab., Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- CenBRAIN Lab., School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China; (G.R.); (Y.Z.)
- CenBRAIN Lab., Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-8738-1206
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11
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Qu WQ, Gao CY, Zhang PX, Fan XH, Yang LM. Pseudo in situ construction of high-performance thermoelectric composites with a dioxothiopyrone-based D-A polymer coating on SWCNTs. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8664-8673. [PMID: 35423352 PMCID: PMC8695203 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10625a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic polymer/inorganic particle composites with thermoelectric (TE) properties have witnessed rapid progress in recent years. Nevertheless, both development of novel polymers and optimization of compositing methods remain highly desirable. In this study, we first demonstrated a simulated in situ coagulation strategy for construction of high-performance thermoelectric materials by utilizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and a new D-A polymer TPO-TTP12 that was synthesized via incorporating dioxothiopyrone subunit into a polymeric chain. It was proven that the preparation methods have a significant influence on thermoelectric properties of the TPO-TTP12/SWCNT composites. The in situ prepared composite films tend to achieve much better thermoelectric performances than those prepared by simply mixing the corresponding polymer with SWCNTs. As a result, the in situ compositing obtains the highest Seebeck coefficient of 66.10 ± 0.05 μV K-1 at the TPO-TTP12-to-SWCNT mass ratio of 1/2, and the best electrical conductivity of up to 500.5 ± 53.3 S cm-1 at the polymer/SWCNT mass ratio of 1/20, respectively; moreover, the power factor for the in situ prepared composites reaches a maximum value of 141.94 ± 1.47 μW m-1 K-2, far higher than that of 104.68 ± 0.86 μW m-1 K-2 for the by-mixing produced composites. This indicates that the dioxothiopyrone moiety is a promising building block for constructing thermoelectric polymers, and the simulated in situ compositing strategy is a promising way to improve TE properties of composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qiang Qu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
| | - Cai-Yan Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
| | - Ping-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High-tech Polymer Materials, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xin-Heng Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
| | - Lian-Ming Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing P. R. China
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12
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Liu Y, Villalva DR, Sharma A, Haque MA, Baran D. Molecular Doping of a Naphthalene Diimide-Bithiophene Copolymer and SWCNTs for n-Type Thermoelectric Composites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:411-418. [PMID: 33373201 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular doping is a powerful tool to tune the thermoelectric (TE) properties of solution-processed semiconductors. In this work, we prepared a binary composite and effectively doped both of its constituents, that is, naphthalene diimide-bithiophene copolymers (PNDI2OD-T2) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), by a 1H-benzimidazole derivative (N-DMBI). The doped composites show an n-type character and an in-plane TE figure of merit (ZT), exceeding the values obtained with the doped polymers. The use of SWCNTs consistently results in a higher σ with a maximum value above 102 S/cm, resulting in the highest power factor of 18.1 μW/mK2 for an SWCNT loading of 45.5 wt %. Furthermore, an SWCNT content up to 9 wt % does not compromise the low thermal conductivity of the polymer matrices, leading to a ZT value of 0.0045. The n-type composites show good solution processability and relatively stable Seebeck coefficients upon air exposure for 8 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Diego Rosas Villalva
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anirudh Sharma
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Azimul Haque
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Derya Baran
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, KAUST Solar Center (KSC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Jang JG, Woo SY, Lee H, Lee E, Kim SH, Hong JI. Supramolecular Functionalization for Improving Thermoelectric Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Small Organic Molecule Hybrids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:51387-51396. [PMID: 33166113 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c13810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs-P)-small organic molecule hybrid materials are promising candidates for achieving high thermoelectric (TE) performance. In this study, we synthesized rod-coil amphiphilic molecules, that is, tri(ethylene oxide) chain-attached bis(bithiophenyl)-terphenyl derivatives (1 and 2). Supramolecular functionalization of SWCNTs-P with 1 or 2 induced charge-transfer interactions between them. Improved TE properties of the supramolecular hybrids (SWCNTs-1 and SWCNTs-2) are attributed to increased charge-carrier concentration (electrical conductivity), interfacial phonon scattering (thermal conductivity), and energy difference between the transport and Fermi levels (ETr - EF; Seebeck coefficient). SWCNTs-2 exhibited a ZT of 0.42 × 10-2 at 300 K, which is 350% larger than that of SWCNTs-P. Furthermore, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ)-doped SWCNTs-2 showed the highest ZT value of 1.96 × 10-2 at 300 K among SWCNTs-P/small organic molecule hybrids known until now. These results demonstrated that the supramolecular functionalization of SWCNTs-P with small organic molecules could be useful for enhancement of TE performance and applications in wearable/flexible thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Gyu Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Young Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 448-701, Korea
| | - Hwankyu Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 448-701, Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- Department of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea
| | - Jong-In Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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14
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Jo Y, Oh JG, Kim C, An TK, Jang J, Lee J. Synthetic strategy for thienothiophene-benzotriazole-based polymers with high backbone planarity and solubility for field-effect transistor applications. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Park S, Mo JH, Kim S, Hwang H, Jang KS. Shape-Deformable Thermoelectric Carbon Nanotube Doughs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:19415-19422. [PMID: 32271000 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, shape-deformable thermoelectric p- and n-type doughs are fabricated by blending single-walled carbon nanotubes with excess amounts of nonvolatile liquid surfactants for efficient energy harvesting from diverse heat sources. The shape-deformable thermoelectric doughs exhibit touch-healing properties and can be easily molded into arbitrary shapes by simple shaping methods, such as those commonly used for rubber play dough. We used cube-shaped thermoelectric doughs to fabricate a vertical thermoelectric generator. Considering the shape-deformable properties of the thermoelectric doughs, a contraction strain of ∼2% in the through-plane direction of the thermoelectric generator can be applied for an effective application of ΔT. We show that the thermoelectric generator we built with eight p-n pairs exhibits a maximum output power of 2.2 μW at a vertical ΔT of 15 K. Our results demonstrate the energy harvesting capability of thermoelectric generators with shape-deformable p- and n-type doughs. Owing to the properties of this material, thermoelectric generators with various device geometries can be fabricated for energy harvesting from a diverse range of nonflat heat sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungbin Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyun Mo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Hwang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Suk Jang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
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16
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Jeong MK, Lee K, Kang J, Jang J, Jung IH. Thiophene backbone-based polymers with electron-withdrawing pendant groups for application in organic thin-film transistors. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01080d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The suboptimal molecular ordering of by PF2-BDD quick freezing during hot-solution spin-coating hindered an efficient hole transport, whereas the more crystalline structure of PT2-BDD resulted in higher hole mobility in the corresponding OTFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Ki Jeong
- Department of Chemistry
- Kookmin University
- Seoul 02707
- Republic of Korea
| | - Kyumin Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeon Kang
- Department of Chemistry
- Kookmin University
- Seoul 02707
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Jang
- Department of Energy Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul 04763
- Republic of Korea
| | - In Hwan Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Kookmin University
- Seoul 02707
- Republic of Korea
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