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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Song H, Dai Q, Liu C. Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Polymer-Based RNA Delivery Systems for Cancer Treatment. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400278. [PMID: 38803312 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) therapeutics offer a broad prospect in cancer treatment. However, their successful application requires overcoming various physiological barriers to effectively deliver RNAs to the target sites. Currently, a number of RNA delivery systems based on polymeric nanoparticles are developed to overcome these barriers in RNA delivery. This work provides an overview of the existing RNA therapeutics for cancer gene therapy, and particularly summarizes those that are entering the clinical phase. This work then discusses the core features and latest research developments of tumor microenvironment-responsive polymer-based RNA delivery carriers which are designed based on the pathological characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. Finally, this work also proposes opportunities for the transformation of RNA therapies into cancer immunotherapy methods in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Haiqin Song
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qiong Dai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chaoyong Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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2
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Mo L, Liang D, Qin R, Mo M, Yang C, Lin W. Three-Dimensional CHA-HCR System Using DNA Nanospheres for Sensitive and Rapid Imaging of miRNA in Live Cells and Tissues. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11777-11784. [PMID: 37506347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Isothermal, enzyme-free amplification techniques, such as the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), have gained increasing attention for miRNA analysis. However, current methodological challenges, including slow kinetics, low amplification efficiency, difficulties in efficient cellular internalization of DNA probes, and concerns regarding the intracellular stability of nucleic acids, need to be addressed. To this end, we propose a novel strategy for sensitive miRNA detection based on a three-dimensional (3D) CHA-HCR system. This system comprises two DNA nanospheres, named DS-13 and DS-24, which are functionalized with CHA and HCR hairpins. Target miR-21 initiates CHA between the two nanospheres, thereby activating downstream HCR and bringing cyanine 3 (Cy3) and cyanine 5 (Cy5) into proximity. The 3D CHA-HCR process leads to the formation of large DNA aggregates and the generation of fluorescence resonance energy transfer signals. In this strategy, the employment of a cascaded reaction and spatial confinement effect improve sensitivity and kinetics, while the use of DNA nanocarriers facilitates cellular delivery and protects nucleic acid probes. The experimental results in vitro, in living cells, and in clinical tissue samples demonstrated the desirable sensing performance. Collectively, this approach holds promise as a valuable tool for cancer diagnosis and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Mo
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Danlian Liang
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Runhong Qin
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Mingxiu Mo
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Chan Yang
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
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Lin M, Qi X. Advances and Challenges of Stimuli-Responsive Nucleic Acids Delivery System in Gene Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051450. [PMID: 37242692 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy has emerged as a powerful tool to treat various diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, ocular diseases and cancer diseases. In 2018, the FDA approved Patisiran (the siRNA therapeutic) for treating amyloidosis. Compared with traditional drugs, gene therapy can directly correct the disease-related genes at the genetic level, which guarantees a sustained effect. However, nucleic acids are unstable in circulation and have short half-lives. They cannot pass through biological membranes due to their high molecular weight and massive negative charges. To facilitate the delivery of nucleic acids, it is crucial to develop a suitable delivery strategy. The rapid development of delivery systems has brought light to the gene delivery field, which can overcome multiple extracellular and intracellular barriers that prevent the efficient delivery of nucleic acids. Moreover, the emergence of stimuli-responsive delivery systems has made it possible to control the release of nucleic acids in an intelligent manner and to precisely guide the therapeutic nucleic acids to the target site. Considering the unique properties of stimuli-responsive delivery systems, various stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have been developed. For example, taking advantage of the physiological variations of a tumor (pH, redox and enzymes), various biostimuli- or endogenous stimuli-responsive delivery systems have been fabricated to control the gene delivery processes in an intelligent manner. In addition, other external stimuli, such as light, magnetic fields and ultrasound, have also been employed to construct stimuli-responsive nanocarriers. Nevertheless, most stimuli-responsive delivery systems are in the preclinical stage, and some critical issues remain to be solved for advancing the clinical translation of these nanocarriers, such as the unsatisfactory transfection efficiency, safety issues, complexity of manufacturing and off-target effects. The purpose of this review is to elaborate the principles of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and to emphasize the most influential advances of stimuli-responsive gene delivery systems. Current challenges of their clinical translation and corresponding solutions will also be highlighted, which will accelerate the translation of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and advance the development of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China
| | - Xianrong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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Mao L, Chen Y, Gu J, Zhao Y, Chen Q. Roles and mechanisms of exosomal microRNAs in viral infections. Arch Virol 2023; 168:121. [PMID: 36977948 PMCID: PMC10047465 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05744-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm that originate from endosomes and fuse with the plasma membrane. They are secreted by almost all kinds of cells and can stably transfer different kinds of cargo from donor to recipient cells, thereby altering cellular functions for assisting cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes derived from virus-infected cells during viral infections are likely to contain different microRNAs (miRNAs) that can be transferred to recipient cells. Exosomes can either promote or suppress viral infections and therefore play a dual role in viral infection. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the role of exosomal miRNAs during infection by six important viruses (hepatitis C virus, enterovirus A71, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, and Zika virus), each of which causes a significant global public health problem. We describe how these exosomal miRNAs, including both donor-cell-derived and virus-encoded miRNAs, modulate the functions of the recipient cell. Lastly, we briefly discuss their potential value for the diagnosis and treatment of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China.
| | - Yiwen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medicine School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxue Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Gao Y, Wang K, Zhang J, Duan X, Sun Q, Men K. Multifunctional nanoparticle for cancer therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e187. [PMID: 36654533 PMCID: PMC9834710 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease associated with a combination of abnormal physiological process and exhibiting dysfunctions in multiple systems. To provide effective treatment and diagnosis for cancer, current treatment strategies simultaneously focus on various tumor targets. Based on the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanocarriers have been shown to exhibit excellent potential for cancer therapy. Compared with nanoparticles with single functions, multifunctional nanoparticles are believed to be more aggressive and potent in the context of tumor targeting. However, the development of multifunctional nanoparticles is not simply an upgraded version of the original function, but involves a sophisticated system with a proper backbone, optimized modification sites, simple preparation method, and efficient function integration. Despite this, many well-designed multifunctional nanoparticles with promising therapeutic potential have emerged recently. Here, to give a detailed understanding and analyzation of the currently developed multifunctional nanoparticles, their platform structures with organic or inorganic backbones were systemically generalized. We emphasized on the functionalization and modification strategies, which provide additional functions to the nanoparticle. We also discussed the application combination strategies that were involved in the development of nanoformulations with functional crosstalk. This review thus provides an overview of the construction strategies and application advances of multifunctional nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Xingmei Duan
- Department of PharmacyPersonalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceSichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Qiu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Ke Men
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
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Zhang Y, Chen J, Yang H, Yin W, Li C, Xu Y, Liu SY, Dai Z, Zou X. Light-Controlled Recruitable Hybridization Chain Reaction on Exosome Vehicles for Highly Sensitive MicroRNA Imaging in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9665-9673. [PMID: 35758600 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sensitive imaging of intracellular microRNA (miRNA) in living cells is of great significance. Isothermal hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-based methods, although have been widely used to monitor intracellular low-abundance miRNA, are still subjected to the challenges of limited signal amplification efficiency and compromised imaging resolution. In this work, we design a light-controlled recruitable HCR (LCR-HCR) strategy that enables us to well overcome these limitations. Exosomes as delivery and recruitment vehicles are modified with three cholesterol-modified hairpins (H1, H2, and H3), in which H1 is for anchoring target miRNA and H2 and H3 with photocleavable linkers (PC-linkers) are designed for spatiotemporal HCR. By controllably releasing probes with high local concentrations to efficiently trigger HCR and further recruiting the generated double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) polymers instead of dispersion in the cytoplasm, the LCR-HCR method can significantly improve the imaging contrast by confining all of the reactants on exosome vehicles. For a proof-of-concept demonstration, the miR-21 was analyzed by LCR-HCR with a limit of detection (LOD) down to 3.3 pM (corresponding to 165 amol per 50 μL) in vitro and four times higher response than traditional HCR in vivo. In general, the LCR-HCR method provides a powerful tool for sensitive miRNA imaging in living cells and cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huihui Yang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wen Yin
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chunrong Li
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuzhi Xu
- Scientific Research Center, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Si-Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Zong Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Role of Nano-miRNAs in Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126836. [PMID: 35743278 PMCID: PMC9223810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are key regulators of gene expression, controlling different biological processes such as cellular development, differentiation, proliferation, metabolism, and apoptosis. The relationships between miRNA expression and the onset and progression of different diseases, such as tumours, cardiovascular and rheumatic diseases, and neurological disorders, are well known. A nanotechnology-based approach could match miRNA delivery and detection to move beyond the proof-of-concept stage. Different kinds of nanotechnologies can have a major impact on the diagnosis and treatment of miRNA-related diseases such as cancer. Developing novel methodologies aimed at clinical practice represents a big challenge for the early diagnosis of specific diseases. Within this context, nanotechnology represents a wide emerging area at the forefront of research over the last two decades, whose potential has yet to be fully attained. Nanomedicine, derived from nanotechnology, can exploit the unique properties of nanometer-sized particles for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Through nanomedicine, specific treatment to counteract only cancer-cell proliferation will be improved, while leaving healthy cells intact. In this review, we dissect the properties of different nanocarriers and their roles in the early detection and treatment of cancer.
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Oh-Hohenhorst SJ, Lange T. Role of Metastasis-Related microRNAs in Prostate Cancer Progression and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174492. [PMID: 34503302 PMCID: PMC8431208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review article we summarize the current literature on the pro- and anti-metastatic roles of distinct microRNAs in prostate cancer with a particular focus on their impact on invasion, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, we give a brief overview on how this knowledge developed so far into novel therapeutic approaches to target metastatic prostate cancer. Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancer types in males and the consequences of its distant metastatic deposits are the leading cause of PCa mortality. Therefore, identifying the causes and molecular mechanisms of hematogenous metastasis formation is of considerable clinical importance for the future development of improved therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by targeting messenger RNAs. Numerous studies have identified miRNAs as promotors or inhibitors of metastasis and revealed, in part, their targeting pathways in PCa. Because miRNAs are remarkably stable and can be detected in both tissue and body fluid, its potential as specific biomarkers for metastasis and therapeutic response is also currently under preclinical evaluation. In the present review, we focus on miRNAs that are supposed to initiate or suppress metastasis by targeting several key mRNAs in PCa. Metastasis-suppressing miRNAs include miR-33a-5p, miR-34, miR-132 and miR-212, miR-145, the miR-200 family (incl. miR-141-3p), miR-204-5p, miR-532-3p, miR-335, miR-543, miR-505-3p, miR 19a 3p, miR-802, miR-940, and miR-3622a. Metastasis-promoting RNAs, such as miR-9, miR-181a, miR-210-3, miR-454, miR-671-5p, have been shown to increase the metastatic potential of PCa cells. Other metastasis-related miRNAs with conflicting reports in the literature are also discussed (miR-21 and miR-186). Finally, we summarize the recent developments of miRNA-based therapeutic approaches, as well as current limitations in PCa. Taken together, the metastasis-controlling miRNAs provide the potential to be integrated in the strategy of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of metastatic PCa. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of consistency between certain miRNA signatures and reproducibility, which impedes clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jung Oh-Hohenhorst
- Martini-Klinik, Prostate Cancer Centre, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du Cancer de Montréal (ICM), Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Tobias Lange
- Institute of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Yu C, Li L, Hu P, Yang Y, Wei W, Deng X, Wang L, Tay FR, Ma J. Recent Advances in Stimulus-Responsive Nanocarriers for Gene Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100540. [PMID: 34306980 PMCID: PMC8292848 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy provides a promising strategy for curing monogenetic disorders and complex diseases. However, there are challenges associated with the use of viral delivery vectors. The advent of nanomedicine represents a quantum leap in the application of gene therapy. Recent advances in stimulus-responsive nonviral nanocarriers indicate that they are efficient delivery systems for loading and unloading of therapeutic nucleic acids. Some nanocarriers are responsive to cues derived from the internal environment, such as changes in pH, redox potential, enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species, adenosine triphosphate, and hypoxia. Others are responsive to external stimulations, including temperature gradients, light irradiation, ultrasonic energy, and magnetic field. Multiple stimuli-responsive strategies have also been investigated recently for experimental gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yu
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Long Li
- Department of OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Pei Hu
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of OncologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
| | | | - Jingzhi Ma
- Department of StomatologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei Province430030China
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Arrighetti N, Beretta GL. miRNAs as Therapeutic Tools and Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030380. [PMID: 33805590 PMCID: PMC7999286 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the fifth cause of tumor-related deaths in man worldwide. Despite the considerable improvement in the clinical management of PCa, several limitations emerged both in the screening for early diagnosis and in the medical treatment. The use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening resulted in patients’ overtreatment and the standard therapy of patients suffering from locally advanced/metastatic tumors (e.g., radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy) showed time-limited efficacy with patients undergoing progression toward the lethal metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC). Although valuable alternative therapeutic options have been recently proposed (e.g., docetaxel, cabazitaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and sipuleucel-T), mCRPC remains incurable. Based on this background, there is an urgent need to identify new and more accurate prostate-specific biomarkers for PCa diagnosis and prognosis and to develop innovative medical approaches to counteract mCRPC. In this context, microRNA (miRNAs) emerged as potential biomarkers in prostate tissues and biological fluids and appeared to be promising therapeutic targets/tools for cancer therapy. Here we overview the recent literature and summarize the achievements of using miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets/tools for fighting PCa.
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11
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Liu H, Liu C, Ye L, Ma D, He X, Tang Q, Zhao X, Zou H, Chen X, Liu P. Nanoassemblies with Effective Serum Tolerance Capability Achieving Robust Gene Silencing Efficacy for Breast Cancer Gene Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2003523. [PMID: 33354783 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The transfection efficiency of siRNA mediated by cationic polymers is limited due to the instability of polymers/siRNA complexes in the presence of serum. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is usually applied to modify cationic polymers, so as to reduce protein and cell adsorption and then to improve siRNA transfection efficiency. However, the polymers' modification with PEG mostly consumes the free amino of the polymers, which can, in turn, reduce the charge density and limit their siRNA transfection efficacy. Here, a new PEG modification strategy that need not consume the surface aminos of polymers is proposed. Catechol-PEG polymers are coated on the surface of phenylboronic acid (PBA)-modified Generation 5 (G5) poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (G5PBA) via reversible boronate esters to establish PEG-modified dendrimer/siRNA nanoassemblies for efficient siRNA delivery. The PEG/G5PBA/siRNA nanoassemblies have positive charge and show excellent gene silencing efficacy in the absence of serum in vitro. More importantly, the PEG/G5PBA/siRNA nanoassemblies also exhibit excellent serum resistance and gene silencing efficacy in serum-containing medium. Furthermore, the effective antiserum and gene silencing efficacy elicited by these nanoassemblies lead to excellent antitumor effects in vivo. This proposed strategy constitutes an important approach to reach an excellent gene silencing efficacy in the presence of serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2000127, China
| | - Chongyi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Li Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Xiaozhen He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2000127, China
| | - Qianyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2000127, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2000127, China
| | - Hanbing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2000127, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2000127, China
| | - Peifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
- Micro-Nano Research and Diagnosis Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2000127, China
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Ye Y, Zhang L, Dai Y, Wang Z, Li C, Peng Y, Ma D, He P. PSMA-Targeting Reduction-Cleavable Hyperbranched Polyamide-Amine Gene Delivery System to Treat the Bone Metastases of Prostate Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7173-7184. [PMID: 33061374 PMCID: PMC7533908 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s268398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to develop aptamer-anchored hyperbranched poly(amido amine) (HPAA) for the systemic delivery of miRNA-133a-3p and to evaluate its therapeutic potential against bone metastasis of prostate cancer in vivo and in vitro. Methods A glutathione (GSH)-responsive cationic HPAA was prepared by the Michael addition reaction. Furthermore, HPAA-PEG was produced by PEGylation, and then the aptamer targeted to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) was conjugated to the HPAA-PEG. The obtained HPAA-PEG-APT could form nanocomplexes with miRNA-133a-3p through electrostatic adsorption. Results The results of immunocytochemistry indicated that the complexes could target PSMA-expressing LNCaP cells. The ability of HPAA-PEG-APT to facilitate the delivery of miRNA-133a-3p into LNCaP cells was proven, and HPAA-PEG-APT/miRNA-133a-3p demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity, lower cytotoxicity and better biocompatibility in vitro. Moreover, in a mouse tibial injection tumor model, the intravenous injection of the HPAA-PEG-APT/miRNA-133a-3p complex significantly inhibited cancer growth and extended the survival time. Conclusion This study provided an aptamer-anchored HPAA-loaded gene system to deliver miRNA-133a-3p for better therapeutic efficacy of bone metastasis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongheng Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhu Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510530, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuie Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510530, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong Province 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiheng He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, People's Republic of China
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RGD-PEG-PLA Delivers MiR-133 to Infarct Lesions of Acute Myocardial Infarction Model Rats for Cardiac Protection. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060575. [PMID: 32575874 PMCID: PMC7356814 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that microRNA-133 (miR-133) plays a positive role in the growth of cardiac myocytes, the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis, and the recovery of cardiac function, which is of great significance for the recovery of acute myocardial infarction. However, the delivery of miRNA to the site of action remains a challenge at present. The purpose of this study was to design an ideal carrier to facilitate the delivery of miR-133 to the infarct lesion for cardiac protection. A disease model was constructed by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery of rats, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles modified with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide (RGD) carrying miR-133 were injected via the tail vein. The effects of miR-133 were evaluated from multiple perspectives, including cardiac function, blood indexes, histopathology, and myocardial cell apoptosis. The results showed that RGD-PEG-PLA maintained a high level of distribution in the hearts of model rats, indicating the role of the carrier in targeting the heart infarction lesions. RGD-PEG-PLA/miR-133 alleviated cardiac histopathological changes, reduced the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and reduced the levels of factors associated with myocardial injury. Studies on the mechanism of miR-133 by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the expression level of Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) was increased and that the expression of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) decreased in myocardial tissue. In summary, the delivery of miR-133 by RGD-PEG-PLA carrier can achieve cardiac lesion accumulation, thereby improving the cardiac function damage and reducing the myocardial infarction area. The inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress plays a protective role in the heart. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of the SIRT3/AMPK pathway.
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