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Huang CY, Chen CY, Wei CH, Yang JW, Lin YC, Kao CF, Chung JHY, Chen GY. Patterned graphene oxide via one-step thermal annealing for controlling collective cell migration. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:8733-8745. [PMID: 39138950 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01091d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is a two-dimensional metastable nanomaterial. Interestingly, GO formed oxygen clusterings in addition to oxidized and graphitic phases during the low-temperature thermal annealing process, which could be further used for biomolecule bonding. By harnessing this property of GO, we created a bio-interface with patterned structures with a common laboratory hot plate that could tune cellular behavior by physical contact. Due to the regional distribution of oxygen clustering at the interface, we refer to it as patterned annealed graphene oxide (paGO). In addition, since the paGO was a heterogeneous interface and bonded biomolecules to varying degrees, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) was modified on it and successfully regulated cellular-directed growth and migration. Finally, we investigated the FRET phenomenon of this heterogeneous interface and found that it has potential as a biosensor. The paGO interface has the advantages of easy regulation and fabrication, and the one-step thermal reduction method is suitable for biological applications. We believe that this low-temperature thermal annealing method would make GO interfaces more accessible, especially for the development of nano-interfacial modifications for biological applications, revealing its potential for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chong-You Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Wei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Wei Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chien Lin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Fei Kao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Johnson H Y Chung
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Institute for Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, 2500, NSW, Australia
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
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Amato F, Ferrari I, Motta A, Zanoni R, Dalchiele EA, Marrani AG. Assessing the evolution of oxygenated functional groups on the graphene oxide surface upon mild thermal annealing in water. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29308-29315. [PMID: 37809030 PMCID: PMC10557050 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is known to be a 2D metastable nanomaterial that can be reconstructed under thermal annealing into distinct oxidized and graphitic phases. Up to now, such phase transformation, mainly related to epoxide and hydroxyl functional groups, has been usually achieved by thermally treating layers of GO in the solid state. Here, we present the mild annealing of GO dispersed in an aqueous medium, performed at two temperatures, 50 °C and 80 °C, for different intervals of time. We show experimental evidences of the epoxide instability in the presence of water by means of XPS, cyclic voltammetry and Raman spectroscopy, demonstrating the reorganization of epoxide and hydroxyl moieties initiated by water molecules. In fact, at 50 °C an increase in oxygen content is detected in all annealed samples compared to untreated GO, with a transformation of epoxide groups into vicinal diols. On the other hand, at 80 °C the oxygen content decreases towards the initial value since the vicinal diols, previously formed, transform into single hydroxyls and C[double bond, length as m-dash]C bonds. Moreover, the higher temperature annealing likely favours oxygenated functional groups rearrangements and clustering, in accordance with the literature, leading to a higher electron affinity and conductivity of the graphenic network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Amato
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza" p.le A. Moro 5 Rome I-00185 Italy
| | - Irene Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza" p.le A. Moro 5 Rome I-00185 Italy
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza" p.le A. Moro 5 Rome I-00185 Italy
- Consorzio INSTM, UdR Roma "La Sapienza" Italy
| | - Robertino Zanoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza" p.le A. Moro 5 Rome I-00185 Italy
| | - Enrique A Dalchiele
- Instituto de Física & CINQUIFIMA, Facultad de Ingeniería Julio Herrera y Reissig 565, C.C. 30 Montevideo 11000 Uruguay
| | - Andrea Giacomo Marrani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza" p.le A. Moro 5 Rome I-00185 Italy
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Xiao X, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Li B, Gu L. Photoluminescence and Fluorescence Quenching of Graphene Oxide: A Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142444. [PMID: 35889668 PMCID: PMC9319665 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, photoluminescence (PL) material with excellent optical properties has been a hot topic. Graphene oxide (GO) is an excellent candidate for PL material because of its unique optical properties, compared to pure graphene. The existence of an internal band gap in GO can enrich its optical properties significantly. Therefore, GO has been widely applied in many fields such as material science, biomedicine, anti-counterfeiting, and so on. Over the past decade, GO and quantum dots (GOQDs) have attracted the attention of many researchers as luminescence materials, but their luminescence mechanism is still ambiguous, although some theoretical results have been achieved. In addition, GO and GOQDs have fluorescence quenching properties, which can be used in medical imaging and biosensors. In this review, we outline the recent work on the photoluminescence phenomena and quenching process of GO and GOQDs. First, the PL mechanisms of GO are discussed in depth. Second, the fluorescence quenching mechanism and regulation of GO are introduced. Following that, the applications of PL and fluorescence quenching of GO-including biomedicine, electronic devices, material imaging-are addressed. Finally, future development of PL and fluorescence quenching of GO is proposed, and the challenges exploring the optical properties of GO are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bin Li
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Lin Gu
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (L.G.)
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