1
|
Sturgill B, Hernandez-Reynoso AG, Druschel LN, Smith TJ, Boucher PE, Hoeferlin GF, Thai TTD, Jiang MS, Hess JL, Alam NN, Menendez DM, Duncan JL, Cogan SF, Pancrazio JJ, Capadona JR. Reactive Amine Functionalized Microelectrode Arrays Provide Short-Term Benefit but Long-Term Detriment to In Vivo Recording Performance. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1052-1063. [PMID: 38290529 PMCID: PMC10880090 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are used for recording neural signals. However, indwelling devices result in chronic neuroinflammation, which leads to decreased recording performance through degradation of the device and surrounding tissue. Coating the MEAs with bioactive molecules is being explored to mitigate neuroinflammation. Such approaches often require an intermediate functionalization step such as (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), which serves as a linker. However, the standalone effect of this intermediate step has not been previously characterized. Here, we investigated the effect of coating MEAs with APTES by comparing APTES-coated to uncoated controls in vivo and ex vivo. First, we measured water contact angles between silicon uncoated and APTES-coated substrates to verify the hydrophilic characteristics of the APTES coating. Next, we implanted MEAs in the motor cortex (M1) of Sprague-Dawley rats with uncoated or APTES-coated devices. We assessed changes in the electrochemical impedance and neural recording performance over a chronic implantation period of 16 weeks. Additionally, histology and bulk gene expression were analyzed to understand further the reactive tissue changes arising from the coating. Results showed that APTES increased the hydrophilicity of the devices and decreased electrochemical impedance at 1 kHz. APTES coatings proved detrimental to the recording performance, as shown by a constant decay up to 16 weeks postimplantation. Bulk gene analysis showed differential changes in gene expression between groups that were inconclusive with regard to the long-term effect on neuronal tissue. Together, these results suggest that APTES coatings are ultimately detrimental to chronic neural recordings. Furthermore, interpretations of studies using APTES as a functionalization step should consider the potential consequences if the final functionalization step is incomplete.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon
S. Sturgill
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Ana G. Hernandez-Reynoso
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Lindsey N. Druschel
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Thomas J. Smith
- School
of Behavioral and BrainSciences, The University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Pierce E. Boucher
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - George F. Hoeferlin
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Teresa Thuc Doan Thai
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Madison S. Jiang
- School
of Behavioral and BrainSciences, The University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jordan L. Hess
- School
of Behavioral and BrainSciences, The University
of Texas at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Neeha N. Alam
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Dhariyat M. Menendez
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Duncan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Stuart F. Cogan
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Joseph J. Pancrazio
- Department
of Bioengineering, The University of Texas
at Dallas, 800 W. Campbell Road, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Capadona
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western
Reserve University. 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
- Advanced
Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Capel AJ, Smith MAA, Taccola S, Pardo-Figuerez M, Rimington RP, Lewis MP, Christie SDR, Kay RW, Harris RA. Digitally Driven Aerosol Jet Printing to Enable Customisable Neuronal Guidance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:722294. [PMID: 34527674 PMCID: PMC8435718 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.722294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Digitally driven manufacturing technologies such as aerosol jet printing (AJP) can make a significant contribution to enabling new capabilities in the field of tissue engineering disease modeling and drug screening. AJP is an emerging non-contact and mask-less printing process which has distinct advantages over other patterning technologies as it offers versatile, high-resolution, direct-write deposition of a variety of materials on planar and non-planar surfaces. This research demonstrates the ability of AJP to print digitally controlled patterns that influence neuronal guidance. These consist of patterned poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) tracks on both glass and poly(potassium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PKSPMA) coated glass surfaces, promoting selective adhesion of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The cell attractive patterns had a maximum height ≥0.2 μm, width and half height ≥15 μm, Ra = 3.5 nm, and RMS = 4.1. The developed biocompatible PEDOT:PSS ink was shown to promote adhesion, growth and differentiation of SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. SH-SY5Y cells cultured directly onto these features exhibited increased nuclei and neuronal alignment on both substrates. In addition, the cell adhesion to the substrate was selective when cultured onto the PKSPMA surfaces resulting in a highly organized neural pattern. This demonstrated the ability to rapidly and flexibly realize intricate and accurate cell patterns by a computer controlled process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Capel
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A A Smith
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Taccola
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Pardo-Figuerez
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Rowan P Rimington
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P Lewis
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert W Kay
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Russell A Harris
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sällström N, Capel A, Lewis MP, Engstrøm DS, Martin S. 3D-printable zwitterionic nano-composite hydrogel system for biomedical applications. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420967294. [PMID: 33194170 PMCID: PMC7604982 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420967294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the cytotoxicity of a novel zwitterionic sulfobetaine hydrogel system with a nano-clay crosslinker has been investigated. We demonstrate that careful selection of the composition of the system (monomer to Laponite content) allows the material to be formed into controlled shapes using an extrusion based additive manufacturing technique with the ability to tune the mechanical properties of the product. Moreover, the printed structures can support their own weight without requiring curing during printing which enables the use of a printing-then-curing approach. Cell culture experiments were conducted to evaluate the neural cytotoxicity of the developed hydrogel system. Cytotoxicity evaluations were conducted on three different conditions; a control condition, an indirect condition (where the culture medium used had been in contact with the hydrogel to investigate leaching) and a direct condition (cells growing directly on the hydrogel). The result showed no significant difference in cell viability between the different conditions and cells were also found to be growing on the hydrogel surface with extended neurites present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Sällström
- Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical & Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Andrew Capel
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Mark P Lewis
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Daniel S Engstrøm
- Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical & Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Simon Martin
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pardo-Figuerez M, Martin NRW, Player DJ, Roach P, Christie SDR, Capel AJ, Lewis MP. Controlled Arrangement of Neuronal Cells on Surfaces Functionalized with Micropatterned Polymer Brushes. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:12383-12391. [PMID: 30411006 PMCID: PMC6217525 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Conventional in vitro cultures are useful to represent simplistic neuronal behavior; however, the lack of organization results in random neurite spreading. To overcome this problem, control over the directionality of SH-SY5Y cells was attained, utilizing photolithography to pattern the cell-repulsive anionic brush poly(potassium 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PKSPMA) into tracks of 20, 40, 80, and 100 μm width. These data validate the use of PKSPMA brush coatings for a long-term culture of the SH-SY5Y cells, as well as providing a methodology by which the precise deposition of PKSPMA can be utilized to achieve a targeted control over the SH-SY5Y cells. Specifically, the PKSPMA brush patterns prevented cell attachment, allowing the SH-SY5Y cells to grow only on noncoated glass (gaps of 20, 50, 75, and 100 μm width) at different cell densities (5000, 10 000, and 15 000 cells/cm2). This research demonstrates the importance of achieving cell directionality in vitro, while these simplistic models could provide new platforms to study complex neuron-neuron interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pardo-Figuerez
- National
Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of
Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, School
of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Neil R. W. Martin
- National
Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of
Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, School
of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Darren J. Player
- National
Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of
Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, School
of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
- Institute
of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Stanmore HA7 4LP, U.K.
| | - Paul Roach
- National
Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of
Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, School
of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Steven D. R. Christie
- National
Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of
Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, School
of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Andrew J. Capel
- National
Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of
Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, School
of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
| | - Mark P. Lewis
- National
Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of
Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, and Department of Chemistry, School
of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|