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Xu L, Zhang Y, Jin S, Luo S, Chen K, Fang S, Zhong L, Zhang J, He R. Novel lignin α-O-4 derived hydrogen donors in CQ-based photoinitiating systems for dental resins. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16719. [PMID: 39030243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to explore the properties of the lignin-derived amine-free photoinitiating systems (PISs) during the curing process. Four novel hydrogen donors (HD1, HD2, HD3, and HD4) derived from lignin α-O-4 structural were designed and synthesized by simple methods, and their low C-H bond dissociation energies on methylene were determined by molecular orbitals theory. Four experimental groups using CQ (camphorquinone)/HD PIs formulated with Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (70 w%/30 w%) were compared to CQ/EDB (ethyl 4-dimethylamino benzoate) system. The photopolymerization profiles and double bond conversion rate was tracked by FTIR experiments; the color bleaching ability of the samples and color aging test assay were performed using color indexes measurements; The cytotoxicity of the samples was also compared to EDB related systems. All of the experimental groups with new HDs were compared to the control group with EDB by statistical analysis. Compared to CQ/EDB system, new lignin-derived hydrogen donors combined with CQ showed comparable or even better performances in polymerization initiation to form resin samples, under a blue dental LED in air. Excellent color bleaching property was observed with the new HDs. Aging tests and cytotoxicity examination of the resin were performed, indicating the new lignin compounds to be efficient hydrogen donors for amine-free CQ-based photo-initiating system. Novel lignin α-O-4 derived hydrogen donors are promising for further usage in light-curing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Xu
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The 3rd People's Hospital of Deqing, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuqi Jin
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuxin Luo
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kailun Chen
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sheng Fang
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangjun Zhong
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui He
- Center of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Stomatology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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2
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Li Y, Liu M, Tang Q, Liang K, Sun Y, Yu Y, Lou Y, Liu Y, Yu H. Hydrogen-transfer strategy in lignin refinery: Towards sustainable and versatile value-added biochemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301912. [PMID: 38294404 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Lignin, the most prevalent natural source of polyphenols on Earth, offers substantial possibilities for the conversion into aromatic compounds, which is critical for attaining sustainability and carbon neutrality. The hydrogen-transfer method has garnered significant interest owing to its environmental compatibility and economic viability. The efficacy of this approach is contingent upon the careful selection of catalytic and hydrogen-donating systems that decisively affect the yield and selectivity of the monomeric products resulting from lignin degradation. This paper highlights the hydrogen-transfer technique in lignin refinery, with a specific focus on the influence of hydrogen donors on the depolymerization pathways of lignin. It delineates the correlation between the structure and activity of catalytic hydrogen-transfer arrangements and the gamut of lignin-derived biochemicals, utilizing data from lignin model compounds, separated lignin, and lignocellulosic biomass. Additionally, the paper delves into the advantages and future directions of employing the hydrogen-transfer approach for lignin conversion. In essence, this concept investigation illuminates the efficacy of the hydrogen-transfer paradigm in lignin valorization, offering key insights and strategic directives to maximize lignin's value sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Meng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Qi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Kaixia Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yaxu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yuhan Lou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Yongzhuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Haipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
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3
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Li X, Ma R, Gao X, Li H, Wang S, Song G. Harnessing Atomically Dispersed Cobalt for the Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Lignocellulose. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310202. [PMID: 38493491 PMCID: PMC11165530 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) of lignocellulose, considering lignin valorization at design time, has demonstrated the entire utilization of all lignocellulose components; however, such processes always require catalysts based on precious metals or high-loaded nonprecious metals. Herein, the study develops an ultra-low loaded, atomically dispersed cobalt catalyst, which displays an exceptional performance in the RCF of lignocellulose. An approximately theoretical maximum yield of phenolic monomers (48.3 wt.%) from lignin is realized, rivaling precious metal catalysts. High selectivity toward 4-propyl-substituted guaiacol/syringol facilitates their purification and follows syntheses of highly adhesive polyesters. Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) are generated by simple treatment of the obtained phenolic dimers and oligomers. RCF-resulted carbohydrate pulp are more obedient to enzymatic hydrolysis. Experimental studies on lignin model compounds reveal the concerted cleavage of Cα-O and Cβ-O pathway for the rupture of β-O-4 structure. Overall, the approach involves valorizing products derived from lignin biopolymer, providing the opportunity for the comprehensive utilization of all components within lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Rumin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Xueying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Helong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Shuizhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Guoyong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest ResourcesBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China
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4
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Zhu L, Cui C, Xiao X, Zhang J, Kuang X, Liu H, Zhou Z, Qi F. Online Compositional Analysis of Complex Oligomers in Biomass Degradation by High-Pressure Flow-Through Reactor Coupled with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8657-8664. [PMID: 38738643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Online analysis of the composition and evolution of complex oligomeric intermediates in biomass degradation is highly desirable to elucidate the mechanism of bond cleavage and study the effect of conditions on the selective conversion of feedstocks. However, harsh reaction conditions and complicated conversion systems pose tremendous challenges for conventional, state-of-the-art analytical techniques. Herein, we introduce a continuous and rapid compositional analysis strategy coupling a high-pressure flow-through reactor with online high-resolution mass spectrometry, which enables the molecular-level characterization of most biomass-related products throughout the conversion for over 2 h. Catalytic depolymerization of one model compound was studied, and temperature-dependent data of over 50 intermediates as well as recondensation dimers and oligomers were obtained, which have rarely been reported in the literature. Thousands of products during the flow-through conversion of birch wood with molecular weights up to 1000 Da were presented, and 8 typical lignin dimers and oligomers with various interunit linkages were identified at the molecular level, demonstrating the potential to analyze more complicated systems far beyond conventional methods, especially for complex oligomers. The continuous evolutions of different components and typical products were unveiled for the first time, providing valuable insights into the investigation of the structure, composition, and decomposition mechanism of lignocellulose as well as the influence of reaction conditions. This method leads to the previously unattained ability to probe and reveal complicated chemical compositions in high-pressure reactions and can be applied to all other high-pressure heterogeneous aqueous reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Cunhao Cui
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xintong Xiao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Xun Kuang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyue Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Fei Qi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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5
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Kramarenko A, Uslu A, Etit D, D'Angelo FN. 2-step lignin-first catalytic fractionation with bifunctional Pd/ß-zeolite catalyst in a flow-through reactor. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202301404. [PMID: 38193653 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
This work demonstrates an additive and hydrogen-free 2-step lignin-first fractionation in flow-through. First, solvolytic delignification renders lignin liquors with its native chemical structure largely intact; and second, ß-zeolite catalytic depolymerization of these liquors leads to similar monomer yields as the corresponding 1-step fractionation process. Higher delignification temperatures lead to slightly lower ß-O-4 content in the solvated lignin, but does not affect significantly the monomer yield, so a higher temperature was overall preferred as it promotes faster delignification. Deposition of Pd on ß-zeolite resulted in a bifunctional hydrogenation/dehydration catalyst, tested during the catalytic depolymerization of solvated lignin with and without hydrogen addition. Pd/ß-zeolite displays synergistic effects (compared to the Pd/γ-Al2 O3 and ß-zeolite tested individually and as a mixed bed), resulting in higher monomer yield. This is likely caused by increased acidity and the proximity between the metallic and acid active sites. Furthermore, different ß-zeolite with varying SAR and textural properties were studied to shed light onto the effect of acidity and porosity in the stabilization of lignin monomers. While some of the catalysts showed stable performance, characterization of the spent catalyst reveals Al leaching (causing acidity loss and changes in textural properties), and some degree of coking and Pd sintering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kramarenko
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld 145612, AZ, Eindhoven, Nederlands
| | - A Uslu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld 145612, AZ, Eindhoven, Nederlands
| | - D Etit
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld 145612, AZ, Eindhoven, Nederlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial college, London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - F Neira D'Angelo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Het Kranenveld 145612, AZ, Eindhoven, Nederlands
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6
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Wang B, Hong S, Sun Q, Cao X, Yu S, Sun Z, Yuan TQ. Performance regulation of lignin-based flocculant at the practical molecular level by fractionation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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7
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Wang Q, Xiao LP, Lv YH, Yin WZ, Hou CJ, Sun RC. Metal–Organic-Framework-Derived Copper Catalysts for the Hydrogenolysis of Lignin into Monomeric Phenols. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ling-Ping Xiao
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yi-Hui Lv
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Wen-Zheng Yin
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Chuan-Jin Hou
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Run-Cang Sun
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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8
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Rational highly dispersed ruthenium for reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4716. [PMID: 35953497 PMCID: PMC9372153 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32451-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Producing monomeric phenols from lignin biopolymer depolymerization in a detachable and efficient manner comes under the spotlight on the fullest utilization of sustainable lignocellulosic biomass. Here, we report a low-loaded and highly dispersed Ru anchored on a chitosan-derived N-doped carbon catalyst (RuN/ZnO/C), which exhibits outstanding performance in the reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose. Nearly theoretical maximum yields of phenolic monomers from lignin are achieved, corresponding to TON as 431 molphenols molRu−1, 20 times higher than that from commercial Ru/C catalyst; high selectivity toward propyl end-chained guaiacol and syringol allow them to be readily purified. The RCF leave high retention of (hemi)cellulose amenable to enzymatic hydrolysis due to the successful breakdown of biomass recalcitrance. The RuN/ZnO/C catalyst shows good stability in recycling experiments as well as after a harsh hydrothermal treatment, benefiting from the coordination of Ru species with N atoms. Characterizations of the RuN/ZnO/C imply a transformation from Ru single atoms to nanoclusters under current reaction conditions. Time-course experiment, as well as reactivity screening of a series of lignin model compounds, offer insight into the mechanism of current RCF over RuN/ZnO/C. This work opens a new opportunity for achieving the valuable aromatic products from lignin and promoting the industrial economic feasibility of lignocellulosic biomass. Lignin valorization becomes the spotlight on the full utilization of biomass. Here, the authors report a highly dispersed Ru catalyst for reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulose, which affords monophenols in theoretical maximum yields, along with high preservation of carbohydrate.
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Fan Y, Li H, Su S, Chen J, Liu C, Wang S, Xu X, Song G. Integration of Ru/C and base for reductive catalytic fractionation of triploid poplar. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Gurrala L, Kumar MM, Yerrayya A, Kandasamy P, Castaño P, Raja T, Pilloni G, Paek C, Vinu R. Unraveling the reaction mechanism of selective C9 monomeric phenols formation from lignin using Pd-Al 2O 3-activated biochar catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126204. [PMID: 34710595 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of biomass-derived lignin to valuable monomeric phenols at high selectivity is of paramount importance for sustainable biorefineries. In this study, a novel Pd-Al2O3 supported on activated biochar catalyst is developed for lignin hydrogenolysis. The catalyst characterization revealed that the (111) planes of both of Pd0 and Al2O3 were exposed to the surface. The maximum lignin conversion of 70.4% along with high liquid yield (∼57 wt%) was obtained at 240 °C, 3 h and 3 MPa H2 pressure. The total monomeric phenols yield in the liquid was 51.6 wt%, out of which C9 monomeric guaiacols constituted ∼ 30.0 wt% with 38.0% selectivity to 4-propyl guaiacol. Using the reaction intermediate, coniferyl alcohol, chemoselective hydrogenation of Cα=Cβ is proved to occur over the Pd site, while dehydroxylation of Cγ-OH is shown to occur over the alumina site. An impressive carbon atom economy of 60% was achieved for the production of monomeric phenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gurrala
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Center for Combustion Research and Development, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - M M Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Center for Combustion Research and Development, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Attada Yerrayya
- Multiscale Reaction Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabu Kandasamy
- Catalysis & Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Pedro Castaño
- Multiscale Reaction Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - T Raja
- Catalysis & Inorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Giovanni Pilloni
- Corporate Strategic Research, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, NJ 08801, United States
| | - C Paek
- Corporate Strategic Research, ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, NJ 08801, United States
| | - R Vinu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Center for Combustion Research and Development, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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Zhang H, Fu S, Du X, Deng Y. Advances in Versatile Nanoscale Catalyst for the Reductive Catalytic Fractionation of Lignin. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2268-2294. [PMID: 33811470 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the past five years, biomass-derived biofuels and biochemicals were widely studied both in academia and industry as promising alternatives to petroleum. In this Review, the latest progress of the synthesis and fabrication of porous nanocatalysts that are used in catalytic transformations involving hydrogenolysis of lignin is reviewed in terms of their textural properties, catalytic activities, and stabilities. A particular emphasis is made with regard to the catalyst design for the hydrogenolysis of lignin and/or lignin model compounds. Furthermore, the effects of different supports on the lignin hydrogenolysis/hydrogenation are discussed in detail. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of lignin hydrogenolysis over nanomaterial-supported catalysts are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, P. R. China
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA 30332-0620, USA
| | - Shiyu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xu Du
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and RBI at Georgia Tech, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street N.W., Atlanta, GA 30332-0620, USA
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12
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Jiang M, Chen X, Wang L, Liang J, Wei X. Selective hydrogenolysis of aryl ethers over a nitrogen-doped porous carbon supported Ni–CeO 2 catalyst at low temperature. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00171j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The selective depolymerization of lignin into aromatics is a sustainable way to improve the economics of the overall biorefinery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- PR China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resources Processing and Process Intensification Technology
| | - Linlin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- PR China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resources Processing and Process Intensification Technology
| | - Jiezhen Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- PR China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resources Processing and Process Intensification Technology
| | - Xiaojie Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- PR China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resources Processing and Process Intensification Technology
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13
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Dou X, Li W, Zhu C, Jiang X, Chang HM, Jameel H. Cleavage of aryl-ether bonds in lignin model compounds using a Co-Zn-beta catalyst. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43599-43606. [PMID: 35519679 PMCID: PMC9058404 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08121c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient cleavage of aryl-ether linkages is a key strategy for generating aromatic chemicals and fuels from lignin. Currently, a popular method to depolymerize native/technical lignin employs a combination of Lewis acid and hydrogenation metal. However, a clear mechanistic understanding of the process is lacking. Thus, a more thorough understanding of the mechanism of lignin depolymerization in this system is essential. Herein, we propose a detailed mechanistic study conducted with lignin model compounds (LMC) via a synergistic Co-Zn/Off-Al H-beta catalyst that mirrors the hydrogenolysis process of lignin. The results suggest that the main reaction paths for the phenolic dimers exhibiting α-O-4 and β-O-4 ether linkages are the cleavage of aryl-ether linkages. Particularly, the conversion was readily completed using a Co-Zn/Off-Al H-beta catalyst, but 40% of α-O-4 was converted and β-O-4 did not react in the absence of a catalyst under the same conditions. In addition, it was found that the presence of hydroxyl groups on the side chain, commonly found in native lignin, greatly promotes the cleavage of aryl-ether linkages activated by Zn Lewis acid, which was attributed to the adsorption between Zn and the hydroxyl group. Followed by the cobalt catalyzed hydrogenation reaction, the phenolic dimers are degraded into monomers that maintain aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Dou
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PR China +86-551-63600786
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Laboratory of Basic Research in Biomass Conversion and Utilization, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PR China +86-551-63600786
| | - Chaofeng Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physics Science at Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 PR China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8005 USA
| | - Hou-Min Chang
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8005 USA
| | - Hasan Jameel
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8005 USA
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