1
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Behera PC, Anilkumar B, Nanubolu JB, Suresh S. NHC-Catalyzed Umpolung Driven Intramolecular Cyclizations for the Generation of 3,4-Cycloheptanone Annulated Tetracyclic Indole Derivatives. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 39374367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
In this Letter, we disclose the development and exploitation of umpolung reactivity of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysts in generating tetracyclic indole derivatives with the introduction of a cycloheptane ring forming event. The NHC-catalyzed intramolecular vinylogous Stetter, Stetter, benzoin, and formal cross-dehydrogenative coupling transformations have been executed, enabling the construction of 3,4-cycloheptannulated indole derivatives in good to excellent yields. The developed protocols utilize an inexpensive catalyst and feature operational simplicity, atom economy, gram-scale syntheses, and postsynthetic availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purna Chandra Behera
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Bandari Anilkumar
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Laboratory of X-Ray Crystallography, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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2
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Sindhe H, Kamble A, Reddy MM, Singh A, Sharma S. Iridium(III)-catalyzed β-trifluoromethyl enone carbonyl-directed regioselective ortho-C(sp 2)-H olefination. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1162-1166. [PMID: 38226536 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob02024j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Due to the lower LUMO energy level at the β-position of α,β-unsaturated-β-trifluoromethyl enone than that of its non-fluorinated counterpart, there is a challenge to activate the sp2 C-H bond of aromatic rings. Herein, we have reported iridium(III)-catalyzed β-trifluoromethyl enone carbonyl-directed regioselective aromatic C(sp2)-H olefination with acrylates under oxidative conditions. Furthermore, coupling with natural product-derived acrylates, scale-up and product diversification have also been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritha Sindhe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382355, India
| | - Akshay Kamble
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382355, India
| | - Malladi Mounika Reddy
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382355, India.
| | - Amardeep Singh
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382355, India.
| | - Satyasheel Sharma
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), Gandhinagar, Gujarat - 382355, India.
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3
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Kanda H, Okabe A, Harada S, Nemoto T. Systematic Studies of Functional Group Tolerance and Chemoselectivity in Carbene-Mediated Intramolecular Cyclopropanation and Intermolecular C-H Functionalization. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2024; 72:313-318. [PMID: 38494725 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c24-00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Generating reliable data on functional group compatibility and chemoselectivity is essential for evaluating the practicality of chemical reactions and predicting retrosynthetic routes. In this context, we performed systematic studies using a functional group evaluation kit including 26 kinds of additives to assess the functional group tolerance of carbene-mediated reactions. Our findings revealed that some intermolecular heteroatom-hydrogen insertion reactions proceed faster than intramolecular cyclopropanation reactions. Lewis basic functionalities inhibited rhodium-catalyzed C-H functionalization of indoles. While performing these studies, we observed an unexpected C-H functionalization of a 1-naphthol variant used as an additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Kanda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Ayaka Okabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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4
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Choi D, Takahashi N, Maruoka H, Harada S, Nastke A, Gröger H, Nemoto T. Synthetic Study of Dragmacidin E: Enantioselective Construction of the Seven-Membered Ring-Fused Indole Skeleton with Contiguous Stereocenters. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36701491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We developed an enantioselective synthetic method of constructing a seven-membered ring-fused indole skeleton with contiguous stereocenters for the synthesis of dragmacidin E. Introduction of chirality at the benzylic position was achieved by Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation. After construction of the tricyclic molecular framework using Pd-catalyzed cascade cyclization, the tetrasubstituted carbon center was created using the Ag nitrene-mediated C-H amination reaction. The developed method provided access to the functionalized seven-membered ring-fused indole skeleton with a hydroxymethyl branch in the tetrasubstituted carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongil Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Noa Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Haruka Maruoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Alina Nastke
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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5
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Hashimoto Y, Harada S, Kato R, Ikeda K, Nonnhoff J, Gröger H, Nemoto T. Merging Chemo- and Biocatalysis to Facilitate the Syntheses of Complex Natural Products: Enantioselective Construction of an N-Bridged [3.3.1] Ring System in Indole Terpenoids. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ikeda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Jannis Nonnhoff
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Harald Gröger
- Chair of Industrial Organic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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6
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Paul T, Basak S, Punniyamurthy T. Weak Chelation-Assisted C4-Selective Alkylation of Indoles with Cyclopropanols via Sequential C-H/C-C Bond Activation. Org Lett 2022; 24:6000-6005. [PMID: 35947032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A Rh-catalyzed weak chelation-guided C4-alkylation of indoles has been accomplished using cyclopropanols as an alkylating agent via the cascade C-H and C-C bond activation. The substrate scope, functional group tolerance, and late-stage mutation of drug molecules are the important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Shubhajit Basak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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7
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Wu F, Xiao L, Xie H, Chen SY, Song JL, Zheng YC, Liu YZ, Zhang SS. Rhodium(III)-catalyzed regioselective C(sp 2)-H activation of indoles at the C4-position with iodonium ylides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5055-5059. [PMID: 35695281 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00722c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a Rh(III)-catalyzed C4-selective activation of indoles by using iodonium ylides as carbene precursors. This protocol proceeded under redox neutral reaction conditions and provided important coupling products with good tolerance of functional groups and high yields. In addition, one-pot synthesis and scale-up and mechanistic studies were also conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhai Wu
- School of Engineering, Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Xiao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Yong Chen
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Lin Song
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Chuan Zheng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Zhi Liu
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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8
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Zhang P, Zeng J, Pan P, Zhang XJ, Yan M. Palladium-Catalyzed Migratory Insertion of Carbenes and C-C Cleavage of Cycloalkanecarboxamides. Org Lett 2022; 24:536-541. [PMID: 35057629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A palladium catalyzed reaction of cycloalkanecarboxamides and diazomalonates or bis(phenylsulfonyl)diazomethane has been developed. The reaction proceeds via carbene migratory insertion and cascade C-C cleavage pathways. Cycloalkanecarboxamides with four to seven membered rings are applicable in the transformation. A series of ring opening products were prepared with moderate yields. The finding provides valuable clues for the development of new reactions involving carbene migratory insertion and the cleavage of unstrained C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xue-Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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9
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Liu YZ, Zeng YF, Shu B, Zheng YC, Xiao L, Chen SY, Song JL, Zhang X, Zhang SS. Rh( iii)-Catalyzed dienylation and cyclopropylation of indoles at the C4 position with alkylidenecyclopropanes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00763k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H functionalization of indoles at the C4 position with alkylidenecyclopropanes (ACPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhi Liu
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yao-Fu Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Bing Shu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yi-Chuan Zheng
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shao-Yong Chen
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Lin Song
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuanxuan Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shang-Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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10
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Wang M, Zhang J, Wang H, Ma B, Dai HX. Construction of Aza-spiro[4,5]indole Scaffolds via Rhodium-Catalyzed Regioselective C(4)—H Activation of Indole ※. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a21120588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Basak S, Paul T, Punniyamurthy T. Palladium-Catalyzed 2-fold C-H Activation/C-C Coupling for C4-Arylation of Indoles Using Weak Chelation. Org Lett 2021; 24:554-558. [PMID: 34968057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed weak chelation-assisted regioselective C4-arylation of indoles has been accomplished using a readily available arene at moderate temperature. The C4-arylation, weak chelating benzoyl (Bz) directing group, cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC), broad substrate scope, and late-stage diversifications are the important practical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhajit Basak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Tripti Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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12
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Zhang S, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Xie H, Chen S, Song J, Shu B. Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Regioselective C−H Allylation and Prenylation of Indoles at C4‐Position. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shang‐Shi Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan‐Zhi Liu
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Chuan Zheng
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xie
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Shao‐Yong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Zhongshan 528458 People's Republic of China
| | - Jia‐Lin Song
- Center for Drug Research and Development Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Shu
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
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13
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Jha N, Khot NP, Kapur M. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C-H Bond Functionalization of Arenes/Heteroarenes via Tandem C-H Activation and Subsequent Carbene Migratory Insertion Strategy. CHEM REC 2021; 21:4088-4122. [PMID: 34647679 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed tremendous developments in transition-metal-catalyzed C-H bond activation and subsequent carbene migratory insertion reactions, thus assisting in the construction of diverse arene/heteroarene scaffolds. Various transition-metal catalysts serve this purpose and provide efficient pathways for an easy access to substituted heterocycles. A brief introduction to metal-carbenes has been provided along with key mechanistic pathways underlying the coupling reactions. The purpose of this review is to provide a concise knowledge about diverse directing group-assisted coupling of varied arenes/heteroarenes and acceptor-acceptor/donor-acceptor diazo compounds. The review also highlights the synthesis of various carbocycles and fused heterocycles through diazo insertion pathways, via C-C, C-N and C-O bond forming reactions. The mechanism usually involves a C-H activation process, followed by diazo insertion leading to subsequent coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nandkishor Prakash Khot
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manmohan Kapur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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14
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Bhat A, Tucker N, Lin JB, Grover H. Stereoselective copper-catalyzed heteroarene C-H functionalization/Michael-type annulation cascade with α-diazocarbonyls. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10556-10559. [PMID: 34557880 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04590c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective, copper-catalyzed, arene C(sp2)-H functionalization/Michael-type annulation reaction involving α-diazocarbonyl compounds has been developed. The method features low catalyst loadings, high yields, and excellent regio and stereoselectivity, in the synthesis of various heteroaromatic frameworks by employing indoles as the arene partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aabid Bhat
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada.
| | - Nathan Tucker
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada.
| | - Jian-Bin Lin
- C-CART, CREAIT Network, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Huck Grover
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, A1B 3X7, Canada.
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15
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Chen L, Peng RJ, Zhang XJ, Yan M, Chan ASC. Aromatic C-H Methylation and Other Functionalizations via the Rh(III)-Catalyzed Migratory Insertion of Bis(phenylsulfonyl)carbene and Subsequent Transformations. J Org Chem 2021; 86:10177-10189. [PMID: 34242504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The Rh(III)-catalyzed migratory insertion of bis(phenylsulfonyl)carbene into aromatic C-H bonds has been developed. A variety of bis(phenylsulfonyl)methyl derivatives were prepared with good yields under mild conditions. The methylated products were readily obtained after reductive desulfonylation. Furthermore, the diverse transformations of bis(phenylsulfonyl)methyl to trideuteriomethyl, aldehyde, and other functional groups were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rui-Jun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xue-Jing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Albert S C Chan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecules and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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16
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Kuribara T, Nakajima M, Nemoto T. Mechanistic Studies of the Pd- and Pt-Catalyzed Selective Cyclization of Propargyl/Allenyl Complexes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9670-9681. [PMID: 34176262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Following the discovery of an unusual transition-metal-catalyzed reaction, the elucidation of the underlying mechanism is essential to understand the characteristic reactivity of the metal. We previously reported a synthetic method for tricyclic indoles using Pt-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts-type C-H coupling. In this reaction, the Pt catalyst selectively formed a seven-membered ring, but the Pd catalyst only afforded a six-membered ring. However, the reasons for the different selectivities caused by Pd and Pt were unclear. We performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental studies to reveal the origin of the different behaviors of the two metals. The calculations revealed that the formation of the six- and seven-membered rings proceeds via η1-allenyl and η3-propargyl/allenyl complexes, respectively. A molecular orbital analysis of the η3-propargyl/allenyl complex revealed that, for the platinum complex, the energy required to convert the unoccupied molecular orbital on the reactive carbon into the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) was lower than that for the palladium complex. In addition, DFT calculations revealed that the combination of platinum and bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether (DPEphos) reduced the activation energy of the seven-membered cyclization in comparison with palladium or PPh3. Additional experimental studies, including NMR studies and stoichiometric reactions, support the aforementioned examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Kuribara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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17
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18
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Ito T, Takenaka H, Homma H, Harada S, Nemoto T. Stereoselective construction of fused cyclopropane from ynamide and its application to synthesis of small drug candidate molecules. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.152985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Yanagawa M, Harada S, Hirose S, Nemoto T. Rapid Synthesis of Functionalized Hydrocarbazolones
via
Indole C2−H Activation Using Enone Functionality as a Directing Group/Electrophilic Species. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Yanagawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Shumpei Hirose
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chiba University 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8675 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center Chiba University 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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Kumar S, Nunewar S, Oluguttula S, Nanduri S, Kanchupalli V. Recent advances in Rh(iii)/Ir(iii)-catalyzed C–H functionalization/annulation via carbene migratory insertion. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1438-1458. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02309d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The review highlighted diverse annulations, including nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur heterocycles and carbocylizations via Rh(iii)/Ir(iii)-catalyzed C–H functionalization/annulation with various arene and carbene precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Saiprasad Nunewar
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Srilekha Oluguttula
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
| | - Vinaykumar Kanchupalli
- Department of Process Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad 500 037
- India
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Nemoto T, Harada S, Ikeda M, Nakayama H, Kanda A. Synthetic Studies on Didymeline Using Spirocyclization of Phenols with Diazo Functionality. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Luo H, Cao T, Zhu S. Divergent Synthesis of Ketone-Fused Indoles/Pyrroles via Metal-Guided Friedel-Crafts Cyclization. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202105021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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