1
|
Do VH, Lee JM. Surface engineering for stable electrocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2693-2737. [PMID: 38318782 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00292f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, significant progress has been achieved in rational developments of electrocatalysts through constructing novel atomistic structures and modulating catalytic surface topography, realizing substantial enhancement in electrocatalytic activities. Numerous advanced catalysts were developed for electrochemical energy conversion, exhibiting low overpotential, high intrinsic activity, and selectivity. Yet, maintaining the high catalytic performance under working conditions with high polarization and vigorous microkinetics that induce intensive degradation of surface nanostructures presents a significant challenge for commercial applications. Recently, advanced operando and computational techniques have provided comprehensive mechanistic insights into the degradation of surficial functional structures. Additionally, various innovative strategies have been devised and proven effective in sustaining electrocatalytic activity under harsh operating conditions. This review aims to discuss the most recent understanding of the degradation microkinetics of catalysts across an entire range of anodic to cathodic polarizations, encompassing processes such as oxygen evolution and reduction, hydrogen reduction, and carbon dioxide reduction. Subsequently, innovative strategies adopted to stabilize the materials' structure and activity are highlighted with an in-depth discussion of the underlying rationale. Finally, we present conclusions and perspectives regarding future research and development. By identifying the research gaps, this review aims to inspire further exploration of surface degradation mechanisms and rational design of durable electrocatalysts, ultimately contributing to the large-scale utilization of electroconversion technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viet-Hung Do
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459.
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459.
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kormányos A, Dong Q, Xiao B, Li T, Savan A, Jenewein K, Priamushko T, Körner A, Böhm T, Hutzler A, Hu L, Ludwig A, Cherevko S. Stability of high-entropy alloys under electrocatalytic conditions. iScience 2023; 26:107775. [PMID: 37736046 PMCID: PMC10509299 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
High-entropy alloys are claimed to possess superior stability due to thermodynamic contributions. However, this statement mostly lies on a hypothetical basis. In this study, we use on-line inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to investigate the dissolution of five representative electrocatalysts in acidic and alkaline media and a wide potential window targeting the most important applications. To address both model and applied systems, we synthesized thin films and carbon-supported nanoparticles ranging from an elemental (Pt) sample to binary (PtRu), ternary (PtRuIr), quaternary (PtRuIrRh), and quinary (PtRuIrRhPd) alloy samples. For certain metals in the high-entropy alloy under alkaline conditions, lower dissolution was observed. Still, the improvement was not striking and can be rather explained by the lowered concentration of elements in the multinary alloys instead of the synergistic effects of thermodynamics. We postulate that this is because of dissolution kinetic effects, which are always present under electrocatalytic conditions, overcompensating thermodynamic contributions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kormányos
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi sq. 1, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Bin Xiao
- Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Tangyuan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Alan Savan
- Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ken Jenewein
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tatiana Priamushko
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Körner
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Böhm
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hutzler
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liangbing Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
- Center for Materials Innovation, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Alfred Ludwig
- Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Serhiy Cherevko
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ashraf S, Liu Y, Wei H, Shen R, Zhang H, Wu X, Mehdi S, Liu T, Li B. Bimetallic Nanoalloy Catalysts for Green Energy Production: Advances in Synthesis Routes and Characterization Techniques. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303031. [PMID: 37356067 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic Nanoalloy catalysts have diverse uses in clean energy, sensing, catalysis, biomedicine, and energy storage, with some supported and unsupported catalysts. Conventional synthetic methods for producing bimetallic alloy nanoparticles often produce unalloyed and bulky particles that do not exhibit desired characteristics. Alloys, when prepared with advanced nanoscale methods, give higher surface area, activity, and selectivity than individual metals due to changes in their electronic properties and reduced size. This review demonstrates the synthesis methods and principles to produce and characterize highly dispersed, well-alloyed bimetallic nanoalloy particles in relatively simple, effective, and generalized approaches and the overall existence of conventional synthetic methods with modifications to prepare bimetallic alloy catalysts. The basic concepts and mechanistic understanding are represented with purposely selected examples. Herein, the enthralling properties with widespread applications of nanoalloy catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis are also presented, especially for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER), Oxidation Reduction Reaction (ORR), Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER), and alcohol oxidation with a particular focus on Pt and Pd-based bimetallic nanoalloys and their numerous fields of applications. The high entropy alloy is described as a complicated subject with an emphasis on laser-based green synthesis of nanoparticles and, in conclusion, the forecasts and contemporary challenges for the controlled synthesis of nanoalloys are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saima Ashraf
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, 63 Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Wei
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Ruofan Shen
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xianli Wu
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Sehrish Mehdi
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Baojun Li
- Research Center of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li JL, Li YF, Liu ZP. In Situ Structure of a Mo-Doped Pt-Ni Catalyst during Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction Resolved from Machine Learning-Based Grand Canonical Global Optimization. JACS AU 2023; 3:1162-1175. [PMID: 37124303 PMCID: PMC10131196 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pt-Ni alloy is by far the most active cathode material for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell, and the addition of a tiny amount of a third-metal Mo can significantly improve the catalyst durability and activity. Here, by developing machine learning-based grand canonical global optimization, we are able to resolve the in situ structures of this important three-element alloy system under ORR conditions and identify their correlations with the enhanced ORR performance. We disclose the bulk phase diagram of Pt-Ni-Mo alloys and determine the surface structures under the ORR reaction conditions by exploring millions of likely structure candidates. The pristine Pt-Ni-Mo alloy surfaces are shown to undergo significant structure reconstruction under ORR reaction conditions, where a surface-adsorbed MoO4 monomer or Mo2O x dimers cover the Pt-skin surface above 0.9 V vs RHE and protect the surface from Ni leaching. The physical origins are revealed by analyzing the electronic structure of O atoms in MoO4 and on the Pt surface. In viewing the role of high-valence transition metal oxide clusters, we propose a set of quantitative measures for designing better catalysts and predict that six elements in the periodic table, namely, Mo, Tc, Os, Ta, Re, and W, can be good candidates for alloying with PtNi to improve the ORR catalytic performance. We demonstrate that machine learning-based grand canonical global optimization is a powerful and generic tool to reveal the catalyst dynamics behavior in contact with a complex reaction environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Li Li
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Key Laboratory of
Computational Physical Science, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ye-Fei Li
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Key Laboratory of
Computational Physical Science, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhi-Pan Liu
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Key Laboratory of
Computational Physical Science, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Shanghai
Qi Zhi Institution, Shanghai 200030, China
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional
Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic
Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang TH, Jiang Y, Peng YH, Tseng YT, Yan C, Chien PC, Wang KY, Chen TY, Wang JH, Wang KW, Dai S. Unique (100) Surface Configuration Enables Promising Oxygen Reduction Performance for Pt 3Co Nanodendrite Catalysts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18217-18228. [PMID: 36976826 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selective exposure of active surfaces of Pt-based electrocatalysts has been demonstrated as an effective strategy to improve Pt utilization and promote oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity in fuel cell application. However, challenges remain in stabilizing those active surface structures, which often suffer undesirable degradation and poor durability along with surface passivation, metal dissolution, and agglomeration of Pt-based electrocatalysts. To overcome the aforementioned obstacles, we here demonstrate the unique (100) surface configuration enabling active and stable ORR performance for bimetallic Pt3Co nanodendrite structures. Using elaborate microscopy and spectroscopy characterization, it is revealed that the Co atoms are preferentially segregated and oxidized at the Pt3Co(100) surface. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) shows that such (100) surface configuration prevents the oxygen chemisorption and oxide formation on active Pt during the ORR process. Thus, the Pt3Co nanodendrite catalyst shows not only a high ORR mass activity of 730 mA/mg at 0.9 V vs RHE, which is 6.6-fold higher than that of the Pt/C, but also impressively high stability with 98% current retention after the acceleration degradation test in acid media for 5000 cycles, far exceeding the Pt or Pt3Co nanoparticles. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation also confirms the lateral and structural effects from the segregated Co and oxides on the Pt3Co(100) surface in reducing the catalyst oxophilicity and the free energy for the formation of an OH intermediate in the ORR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsi Huang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Hsin Peng
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tien Tseng
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Che Yan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Chien
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Yu Wang
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Yao Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Han Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Wang
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Dai
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cao L, Mueller T. Catalytic Activity Maps for Alloy Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7352-7360. [PMID: 36973003 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
To enable rational design of alloy nanoparticle catalysts, we develop an approach to generate catalytic activity maps of alloy nanoparticles on a grid of particle size and composition. The catalytic activity maps are created by using a quaternary cluster expansion to explicitly predict adsorbate binding energies on alloy nanoparticles of varying shape, size, and atomic order while accounting for interactions among the adsorbates. This cluster expansion is used in kinetic Monte Carlo simulations to predict activated nanoparticle structures and turnover frequencies on all surface sites. We demonstrate our approach on Pt-Ni octahedral nanoparticle catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), revealing that the specific activity is predicted to be optimized at an edge length of larger than 5.5 nm and a composition of about Pt0.85Ni0.15 and the mass activity is predicted to be optimized at an edge length of 3.3-3.8 nm and a composition of about Pt0.8Ni0.2.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mei Y, Feng Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Qi Q, Hu J. High-Entropy Alloy with Mo-Coordination as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Yuebin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Chengxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- The City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000 China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Qianglong Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
| | - Jue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Villalobos J, Morales DM, Antipin D, Schuck G, Golnak R, Xiao J, Risch M. Stabilization of a Mn-Co Oxide During Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Media. ChemElectroChem 2022; 9:e202200482. [PMID: 35915742 PMCID: PMC9328349 DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Improving the stability of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) through materials design has received less attention than improving their catalytic activity. We explored the effects of Mn addition to a cobalt oxide for stabilizing the catalyst by comparing single phase CoOx and (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox films electrodeposited in alkaline solution. The obtained disordered films were classified as layered oxides using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The CoOx films showed a constant decrease in the catalytic activity during cycling, confirmed by oxygen detection, while that of (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox remained constant within error as measured by electrochemical metrics. These trends were rationalized based on XAS analysis of the metal oxidation states, which were Co2.7+ and Mn3.7+ in the bulk and similar near the surface of (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox, before and after cycling. Thus, Mn in (Co0.7Mn0.3)Ox successfully stabilized the bulk catalyst material and its surface activity during OER cycling. The development of stabilization approaches is essential to extend the durability of OER catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Villalobos
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Dulce M. Morales
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Denis Antipin
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Götz Schuck
- Abteilung Struktur und Dynamik von EnergiematerialienHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| | - Ronny Golnak
- Department of Highly Sensitive X-ray SpectroscopyHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHAlbert-Einstein-Straße 15Berlin12489Germany
| | - Jie Xiao
- Department of Highly Sensitive X-ray SpectroscopyHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHAlbert-Einstein-Straße 15Berlin12489Germany
| | - Marcel Risch
- Nachwuchsgruppe Gestaltung des SauerstoffentwicklungsmechanismusHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHHahn-Meitner Platz 1Berlin14109Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Polani S, MacArthur KE, Kang J, Klingenhof M, Wang X, Möller T, Amitrano R, Chattot R, Heggen M, Dunin-Borkowski RE, Strasser P. Highly Active and Stable Large Mo-Doped Pt-Ni Octahedral Catalysts for ORR: Synthesis, Post-treatments, and Electrochemical Performance and Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29690-29702. [PMID: 35731012 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, advances in the colloidal syntheses of octahedral-shaped Pt-Ni alloy nanocatalysts for use in fuel cell cathodes have raised our atomic-scale control of particle morphology and surface composition, which, in turn, helped raise their catalytic activity far above that of benchmark Pt catalysts. Future fuel cell deployment in heavy-duty vehicles caused the scientific priorities to shift from alloy particle activity to stability. Larger particles generally offer enhanced thermodynamic stability, yet synthetic approaches toward larger octahedral Pt-Ni alloy nanoparticles have remained elusive. In this study, we show how a simple manipulation of solvothermal synthesis reaction kinetics involving depressurization of the gas phase at different stages of the reaction allows tuning the size of the resulting octahedral nanocatalysts to previously unachieved scales. We then link the underlying mechanism of our approach to the classical "LaMer" model of nucleation and growth. We focus on large, annealed Mo-doped Pt-Ni octahedra and investigate their synthesis, post-synthesis treatments, and elemental distribution using advanced electron microscopy. We evaluate the electrocatalytic ORR performance and stability and succeed to obtain a deeper understanding of the enhanced stability of a new class of relatively large, active, and long-lived Mo-doped Pt-Ni octahedral catalysts for the cathode of PEMFCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shlomi Polani
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherine E MacArthur
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Jiaqi Kang
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Malte Klingenhof
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Xingli Wang
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tim Möller
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Raffaele Amitrano
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Raphaël Chattot
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rafal E Dunin-Borkowski
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter Strasser
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technical University Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gram-Scale Synthesis of Carbon-Supported Sub-5 nm PtNi Nanocrystals for Efficient Oxygen Reduction. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12071078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a high performance and durability with low-platinum (Pt) loading oxygen reduction catalysts remains a challenge for the practical application of fuel cells. Alloying Pt with a transition metal can greatly improve the activity and durability for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this work, we present a one-pot wet-chemical strategy to controllably synthesize carbon supported sub-5 nm PtNi nanocrystals with a ~3% Pt loading. The as-prepared PtNi/C-200 catalyst with a Pt/Ni atomic ratio of 2:3 shows a high oxygen reduction activity of 0.66 A mgpt−1 and outstanding durability over 10,000 potential cycles in 0.1 M KOH in a half-cell condition. The PtNi/C-200 catalyst exhibits the highest ORR activity, with an onset potential (Eonset) of 0.98 V and a half-wave potential (E1/2) of 0.84 V. The mass activity and specific activity are 3.89 times and 9.16 times those of 5% commercial Pt/C. More importantly, this strategy can be applied to the gram-scale synthesis of high-efficiency electrocatalysts. As a result, this effective synthesis strategy has a significant meaning in practical applications of full cells.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gray DE, Munshi T, Scowen IJ, Brett DJL, He G. Seed-Mediated, Shape-Controlled Synthesis Methods for Platinum-Based Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction—A Mini Review. Front Chem 2022; 10:865214. [PMID: 35308784 PMCID: PMC8931037 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.865214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Overcoming the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics at the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cells requires the use of electrocatalysts containing expensive and scare platinum to achieve reasonable performance, hampering widespread use of the technology due to high material costs and sustainability issues. One option available to tackle this issue is to use new designs to create nanomaterials which achieve excellent electrocatalytic performances and long-lasting stabilities whilst using less platinum than is currently required. Reliably producing nanomaterials with predictable activities and stabilities using simple, safe, and scalable methods is an important research topic to the advancement of fuel cell technologies. The oxygen reduction reaction occurs at the surface of electrocatalytic materials, and since nanomaterial structures exhibit different catalytic activities, their shapes have a strong relationship to the final performance. Seed-mediated synthesis can be used to control the shape of materials with the aim of obtaining products with the most desirable surface properties for the ORR. This review summarized the current advancement of the synthesis of platinum-based ORR and provided the insights for the future development of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisy E. Gray
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Tasnim Munshi
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Scowen
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
| | - Dan J. L. Brett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Guanjie He
- Joseph Banks Laboratories, School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Guanjie He,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hornberger E, Klingenhof M, Polani S, Paciok P, Kormányos A, Chattot R, MacArthur KE, Wang X, Pan L, Drnec J, Cherevko S, Heggen M, Dunin-Borkowski RE, Strasser P. On the electrocatalytical oxygen reduction reaction activity and stability of quaternary RhMo-doped PtNi/C octahedral nanocrystals. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9295-9304. [PMID: 36093024 PMCID: PMC9384817 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01585d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently proposed bimetallic octahedral Pt–Ni electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathodes suffer from particle instabilities in the form of Ni corrosion and shape degradation. Advanced trimetallic Pt-based electrocatalysts have contributed to their catalytic performance and stability. In this work, we propose and analyse a novel quaternary octahedral (oh-)Pt nanoalloy concept with two distinct metals serving as stabilizing surface dopants. An efficient solvothermal one-pot strategy was developed for the preparation of shape-controlled oh-PtNi catalysts doped with Rh and Mo in its surface. The as-prepared quaternary octahedral PtNi(RhMo) catalysts showed exceptionally high ORR performance accompanied by improved activity and shape integrity after stability tests compared to previously reported bi- and tri-metallic systems. Synthesis, performance characteristics and degradation behaviour are investigated targeting deeper understanding for catalyst system improvement strategies. A number of different operando and on-line analysis techniques were employed to monitor the structural and elemental evolution, including identical location scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (IL-STEM-EDX), operando wide angle X-ray spectroscopy (WAXS), and on-line scanning flow cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SFC-ICP-MS). Our studies show that doping PtNi octahedral catalysts with small amounts of Rh and Mo suppresses detrimental Pt diffusion and thus offers an attractive new family of shaped Pt alloy catalysts for deployment in PEMFC cathode layers. PtNi nano-octahedra with Rh and Mo dopants are highly active catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction with excellent stability and shape integrity. We investigate the morphological, structural, and compositional evolution during stability testing.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hornberger
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Malte Klingenhof
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Shlomi Polani
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Paciok
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Attila Kormányos
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raphaël Chattot
- ID 31 Beamline, BP 220, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Katherine E. MacArthur
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Xingli Wang
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lujin Pan
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jakub Drnec
- ID 31 Beamline, BP 220, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Serhiy Cherevko
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Peter Grünberg Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter Strasser
- Electrochemical Energy, Catalysis and Material Science Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|