1
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Wang X, Lv R, Li X. Kinetic resolution of 1-(1-alkynyl)cyclopropyl ketones via gold-catalyzed divergent (4 + 4) cycloadditions: stereoselective access to furan fused eight-membered heterocycles. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9361-9368. [PMID: 38903218 PMCID: PMC11186327 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02763a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chiral eight-membered heterocycles comprise a diverse array of natural products and bioactive compounds, yet accessing them poses significant challenges. Here we report a gold-catalyzed stereoselective (4 + 4) cycloaddition as a reliable and divergent strategy, enabling readily accessible precursors (anthranils and ortho-quinone methides) to be intercepted by in situ generated gold-furyl 1,4-dipoles, delivering previously inaccessible chiral furan/pyrrole-containing eight-membered heterocycles with good results (56 examples, all >20 : 1 dr, up to 99% ee). Moreover, we achieve a remarkably efficient kinetic resolution (KR) process (s factor up to 747). The scale-up synthesis and diversified transformations of cycloadducts highlight the synthetic potential of this protocol. Computational calculations provide an in-depth understanding of the stereoselective cycloaddition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunhua Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 China
| | - Ruifeng Lv
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 China
| | - Xiaoxun Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250012 China
- Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University NO. 388 Ruoshui Road, SIP Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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2
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Alonso D, Maciá B, Pastor IM, Baeza A. Recent Advances on the Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic α-Alkylation of Carbonyl Derivatives Using Free Allylic Alcohols. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2024; 4:269-286. [PMID: 38855332 PMCID: PMC11157516 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
During the last years, the development of more sustainable and straightforward methodologies to minimize the generation of waste organic substances has acquired high importance within synthetic organic chemistry. Therefore, it is not surprising that many efforts are devoted to ameliorating already well-known successful methodologies, that is, the case of the asymmetric allylic allylation reaction of carbonyl compounds. The use of free alcohols as alkylating agents in this transformation represents a step forward in this sense since it minimizes waste production and the substrate manipulation. In this review, we aim to gather the most recent methodologies describing this strategy by paying special attention to the reaction mechanisms, as well as their synthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego
A. Alonso
- Instituto
de Síntesis Orgánica, and Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Beatriz Maciá
- Department
of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan
University, Oxford Road, Manchester M1 5GD, United Kingdom
| | - Isidro M. Pastor
- Instituto
de Síntesis Orgánica, and Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Alejandro Baeza
- Instituto
de Síntesis Orgánica, and Dpto. de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain
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3
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Mallick RK, Žabka M, Clayden J. Benzo-fused Nitrogen Heterocycles by Asymmetric Ring Expansion and Stereochemically Retentive Re-contraction of Cyclic Ureas. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318417. [PMID: 38261257 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Benzo-fused nitrogen heterocycles are common features of bioactive molecules, and the enantioselective synthesis of their substituted analogues is an important goal. In this paper we demonstrate a practical and mechanistically intriguing approach to the enantioselective synthesis of 1-arylbenzazepines and their analogues. The reaction sequence starts with an asymmetric migratory ring expansion of indoline, tetrahydroquinoline, or tetrahydrobenzazepine ureas on treatment with a chiral lithium amide base. Treatment of the ring-expanded ureas with acid triggers a two-atom ring contraction-an 'azatropic shift' in which one urea nitrogen displaces the other-with almost complete retention of stereochemistry. Aminolysis of the urea products provides enantioenriched 1-aryl-tetrahydrobenzazepine derivatives and their congeners, including an analogue of an intermediate in the synthesis of the drug solifenacin. Deuteration, in situ IR, and DFT studies provide evidence for the mechanisms of the reaction steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra K Mallick
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Matej Žabka
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK
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4
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Xie XQ, Li X, Liu PN. Enantioselective synthesis of spiro- N, O-ketals via iridium and Brønsted acid co-catalyzed asymmetric formal [4+2] cycloaddition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1448-1451. [PMID: 38213273 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05923e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
We present an iridium and Brønsted acid co-catalyzed enantioselective formal [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of cyclic enamides with 2-(1-hydroxyallyl)phenols. This method yields a wide range of N-unsubstituted spiro-N,O-ketals, with good efficiency (up to 94%) and excellent enantioselectivities (most >95% ee). The protocol features easy scale-up and facile product derivatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qi Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Xingguang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Pei-Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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5
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Qi SS, Dong JY, Sun XP, Zhai JJ, Sun YB, Wang YF, Chu MM, Xu DQ. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Eight-Membered N-Heterocycles from Benzofuran-Derived Azadienes and Ynones. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38181067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Enantioselective synthesis of eight-membered N-heterocycles represents a long-standing challenge in organic synthesis. Here, by combining the squaramide and DBU catalysis, a sequential asymmetric conjugate addition/cyclization reaction between benzofuran-derived azadienes and ynones has been well-developed, providing straightforward access to chiral eight-membered N-heterocycles in high yields with stereoselectivities. This protocol features the use of a bifunctional squaramide catalyst for controlling the enantioselectivity of products, while the DBU is utilized to achieve intramolecular cyclization and improve the diastereoselectivity of products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo-Suo Qi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Sun
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Biao Sun
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Ming Chu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Qian Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry-Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticides and Cleaner Production Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
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6
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Wang Y, Jin Z, Zhou L, Lv X. Recent advances in [4 + 4] annulation of conjugated heterodienes with 1,4-dipolar species for the synthesis of eight-membered heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:252-268. [PMID: 38062977 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01626a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Numerous eight-membered heterocycles are of significance in biological chemistry, the pharmaceutical industry, agrochemistry, and materials science. However, the assembly of eight-membered heterocycles is usually challenging due to the unfavorable enthalpic and entropic barriers of the transition states during the ring formation. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to the development of synthetic routes to eight-membered heterocycles. Despite these developments, the exploration of more strategies for the facile and effective assembly of eight-membered heterocyclic molecules in a single vessel under mild conditions is still highly desirable. The conjugated heterodiene-participating [4 + 4] annulation serves as a convenient and robust strategy for the synthesis of eight-membered heterocycles from easily accessible starting materials. In recent years, great progress has been achieved in this attractive field. In this short review, we highlighted the recent advances in the synthesis of eight-membered heterocycles via cascade reactions based on [4 + 4] annulation of conjugated heterodienes with 1,4-dipolar species. The brief backgrounds, the general reactions, the proposed mechanisms and their features are summarized. The prospects and challenges of this field are also outlined at the end of this review. In addition, to highlight the importance and practicality of these reactions, the properties of several series of eight-membered heterocycles have also been introduced briefly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zefeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Xin Lv
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yinbing Rd, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Jiang XM, Ji CL, Ge JF, Zhao JH, Zhu XY, Gao DW. Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral 1,2-Bis(Boronic) Esters Featuring Acyclic, Non-Adjacent 1,3-Stereocenters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202318441. [PMID: 38098269 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The construction of acyclic, non-adjacent 1,3-stereogenic centers, prevalent motifs in drugs and bioactive molecules, has been a long-standing synthetic challenge due to acyclic nucleophiles being distant from the chiral environment. In this study, we successfully synthesized highly valuable 1,2-bis(boronic) esters featuring acyclic and nonadjacent 1,3-stereocenters. Notably, this reaction selectively produces migratory coupling products rather than alternative deborylative allylation or direct allylation byproducts. This approach introduces a new activation mode for selective transformations of gem-diborylmethane in asymmetric catalysis. Additionally, we found that other gem-diborylalkanes, previously challenging due to steric hindrance, also successfully participated in this reaction. The incorporation of 1,2-bis(boryl)alkenes facilitated the diversification of the alkenyl and two boron moieties in our target compounds, thereby enabling access to a broad array of versatile molecules. DFT calculations were performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism and shed light on the factors responsible for the observed excellent enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity. These were determined to arise from ligand-substrate steric repulsions in the syn-addition transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Min Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Chong-Lei Ji
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Fei Ge
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - De-Wei Gao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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8
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Zhang K, Carmo C, Deiana L, Grape ES, Inge AK, Córdova A. Sugar-Assisted Kinetic Resolutions in Metal/Chiral Amine Co-Catalyzed α-Allylations and [4+2] Cycloadditions: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Sugar and Chromane Derivatives. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301725. [PMID: 37402648 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized triose-, furanose and chromane-derivatives were synthesized by the titled reactions. The sugar-assisted kinetic resolution/C-C bond-forming cascade processes generate a functionalized sugar derivative with a quaternary stereocenter in a highly enantioselective fashion (up to >99 % ee) by using a simple combination of metal and chiral amine co-catalysts. Notably, the interplay between the chiral sugar substrate and the chiral amino acid derivative allowed for the construction of a functionalized sugar product with high enantioselectivity (up to 99 %) also when using a combination of racemic amine catalyst (0 % ee) and metal catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiheng Zhang
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 85179, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Chrislaura Carmo
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 85179, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Luca Deiana
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 85179, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Erik Svensson Grape
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10 691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Ken Inge
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 10 691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Armando Córdova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 85179, Sundsvall, Sweden
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9
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Gao Y, Wang H, Chen X, Qiao Y, Miao Z. Gold and Palladium Relay Catalytic [4 + 4] Cycloadditions of Enynamides and γ-Methylene-δ-valerolactones: Diastereoselective Construction of Furan-Fused Azacyclooctanes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11822-11833. [PMID: 37534854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a highly efficient and diastereoselective gold and palladium sequential relay catalysis system for the synthesis of furan-fused eight-membered heterocycles. Employing a one-pot procedure, easily accessible enynamides undergo cyclization to generate azadienes in situ, which subsequently participate in diastereoselective formal [4 + 4] cycloadditions with γ-methylene-δ-valerolactones. This strategy enables the rapid and efficient construction of a series of furan-fused azacyclooctanes with diverse substituents in good yields (63-97%) and a high level of diastereoselectivity (7:1 → 20:1 dr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoquan Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yiyang Qiao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhiwei Miao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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10
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He C, Tang Y, Tang S, Sun J. Iridium-Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective [4 + 1] Cycloaddition of Hydroxyallyl Anilines with Sulfoxonium Ylides. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37319271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present here an iridium-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective [4 + 1] cycloaddition reaction of hydroxyallyl anilines with sulfoxonium ylides under mild reaction conditions, leading to 3-vinyl indolines in moderate to good yields with excellent enantioselectivities. Control experiments disclosed a plausible reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yaping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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11
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Xie JH, Hou YM, Feng Z, You SL. Stereodivergent Construction of 1,3-Chiral Centers via Tandem Asymmetric Conjugate Addition and Allylic Substitution Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216396. [PMID: 36597878 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a synthesis of cyclohexanones bearing multi-continuous stereocenters by combining copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of dialkylzinc reagents to cyclic enones with iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reaction. Good to excellent yields, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity can be obtained. Unlike the stereodivergent construction of adjacent stereocenters (1,2-position) reported in the literature, the current reaction can achieve the stereodivergent construction of nonadjacent stereocenters (1,3-position) by a proper combination of two chiral catalysts with different enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuolijun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
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12
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Chen LQ, Zhu CF, Zhang S, Liu BY, Tu SJ, Hao WJ, Jiang B. Palladium-catalyzed annulative allylic alkylation for regioselective construction of indole-fused medium-sized cyclic ethers. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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13
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A Lewis Acid-Promoted Michael Addition and Ring-Expansion Cascade for the Construction of Nitrogen-Containing Medium-Sized Rings. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041650. [PMID: 36838638 PMCID: PMC9966210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A Lewis acid-promoted annulation of azadienes and cyclobutamines was developed. This reaction proceeded through Michael addition and ring-expansion cascade, affording the corresponding nitrogen-containing medium-sized rings with a broad scope in moderate to high yields. The catalytic asymmetric version of this reaction has also been explored using a chiral base.
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14
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Yan H, Shao X, Xu X, Li Z, Yang WL. Ir-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cascade Allylation/Spiroketalization Reaction for Stereoselective Synthesis of Oxazoline-Spiroketals. Org Lett 2023; 25:325-330. [PMID: 36607168 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric cascade allylation/spiroketalization reaction between 2-(1-hydroxyallyl)phenols and 5-methyleneoxazolines is accomplished by using a chiral Ir(I) catalyst derived from commercially available iridium precursor and the Carreira ligand. This protocol furnishes a class of structurally novel and unique oxazoline-spiroketals in up to 86% yield, >99% ee and >20:1 dr. Moreover, control experiments reveal that 4,4-disubstitution on 5-methyleneoxazolines is necessary to avoid the aromatization and for the spiroketalization to occur. On the basis of this, a plausible reaction mechanism is illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wu-Lin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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15
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Hu F, Chu Y, Cao Z, Li Y, Hui XP. Enantioselective Synthesis of Functionalized Tetrahydropyridines through Iridium-Catalyzed Formal [5+1] Annulation. Org Lett 2022; 24:6945-6950. [PMID: 36129810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient iridium-catalyzed asymmetric formal [5+1] annulation by in situ generation of enamines as N-nucleophiles for the synthesis of tetrahydropyridine derivatives is disclosed. The methodology offers direct access to a wide variety of chiral tetrahydropyridine derivatives in moderate to good yields and excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhengqiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yucheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ping Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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16
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Wang M, Zhang Z, Zhang W. Design, Synthesis, and Application of Chiral Bicyclic Imidazole Catalysts. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2708-2727. [PMID: 36043467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric organocatalysis has been considered to be an efficient and reliable strategy for the stereoselective preparation of optically active chemicals. In particular, chiral tertiary amines as Lewis base organocatalysts bearing core structures including quinuclidine, dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), N-methylimidazole (NMI), amidine, etc. have provided new and powerful tools for various chemical transformations. However, due to the limitations in structural complexity, synthetic difficulty, low catalytic efficiency, and high cost, the industrial application of such catalysts is still far from being widely adopted. Therefore, the development of new chiral tertiary amine catalysts with higher activity and selectivity is greatly desired.In order to address the contradiction between activity and selectivity caused by the ortho group, a bicyclic imidazole structure bearing a relatively large bond angle ∠θ was designed as the skeleton of our new catalysts. 6,7-Dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazole (abbreviated as DPI) and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (abbreviated as TIP) are two of the utilized skeletons. In addition to obtaining satisfactory catalytic activity, excellent enantioselectivity would also be expected because the stereocontrol R group is neither far nor close to the catalytic active site (sp2-N atom) and is adjustable. Based on this skeleton, a family of chiral bicyclic imidazole catalysts were easily prepared and successfully applied in several enantioselective reactions for the synthesis of a variety of valuable chiral compounds.6,7-Dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazole (abbreviated as DPI) is the predominantly utilized skeleton. First, HO-DPI, the key intermediate of the designed chiral bicyclic imidazole catalysts, could be efficiently synthesized from imidazole and acrolein, then separated by kinetic resolution or optical resolution. Second, Alkoxy-DPI, the alkyloxy-substituted chiral bicyclic imidazole catalysts, were synthesized by a one-step alkylation from HO-DPI. This type of catalyst has been successfully applied in asymmetric Steglich rearrangement (C-acylation rearrangement of O-acylated azlactones), asymmetric phosphorylation of lactams, and a sequential four-step acylation reaction. Third, Acyloxy-DPI, the acyloxy-substituted chiral bicyclic imidazole catalysts, were synthesized with a one-step acetylative kinetic resolution from racemic HO-DPI or acylation from enantiopure HO-DPI. The catalyst AcO-DPI has been successfully applied in enantioselective Black rearrangement and in direct enantioselective C-acylation of 3-substituted benzofuran-2(3H)-ones and 2-oxindoles. Fourth, Alkyl-DPI was synthesized via a two-step reaction from racemic HO-DPI and separated easily by resolution. The catalyst Cy-DPI has been successfully applied in dynamic kinetic resolution of 3-hydroxyphthalides through enantioselective O-acylation. Cy-PDPI was synthesized through a Cu-catalyzed amidation from Cy-DPI and successfully applied in the kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols with good to excellent enantioselectivities. Finally, the carbamate type chiral bicyclic imidazole catalysts, Carbamate-DPI, were readily synthesized from HO-DPI, and the catalyst Ad-DPI bearing a bulky adamantyl group was successfully applied in the synthesis of the anti-COVID-19 drug remdesivir via asymmetric phosphorylation. Alongside our initial work, this Account also introduces four elegant studies by other groups concerning asymmetric phosphorylation utilizing chiral bicyclic imidazole catalysts.In summary, this Account focuses on the chiral bicyclic imidazole catalysts developed in our group and provides an overview on their design, synthesis, and application that will serve as inspiration for the exploration of new organocatalysts and related reactions.
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De Jesús Cruz P, Johnson JS. Crystallization-Enabled Henry Reactions: Stereoconvergent Construction of Fully Substituted [ N]-Asymmetric Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15803-15811. [PMID: 35980759 PMCID: PMC9469918 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetrasubstituted stereogenic carbon centers bearing a nitrogen substituent represent important motifs in medicinal chemistry and natural products; therefore, the development of efficient methods for the stereoselective synthesis of this class of compounds continues to be an important problem. This article describes stereoconvergent Henry reactions of γ,γ-disubstituted nitroalkanes to deliver highly functionalized building blocks containing up to five contiguous stereogenic centers including a fully substituted [N]-asymmetric center. Henry reactions of higher order nitroalkanes are often characterized by their reversibility and minimal accompanying thermodynamic stereocontrol. In contrast, mechanistic studies for the present case suggest a scenario in which reversibility is productively leveraged through crystallization-based stereocontrol, thereby enabling the efficient sequential π-additions of readily accessible starting materials to assemble complex acyclic stereoarrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro De Jesús Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Jeffrey S Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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Yang W, Shang X, Ni T, Yan H, Luo X, Zheng H, Li Z, Deng W. Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Bisbenzannulated Spiroketals and Spiroaminals by Ir/Ag/Acid Ternary Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210207. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu‐Lin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xin‐Yu Shang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Tao Ni
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Hanliang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
| | - Zhong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Wei‐Ping Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Department of Chemistry Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004 P. R. China
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Yang WL, Shang XY, Ni T, Yan H, Luo X, Zheng H, Li Z, Deng WP. Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Bisbenzannulated Spiroketals and Spiroaminals by Ir/Ag/Acid Ternary Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Lin Yang
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Xin-Yu Shang
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
| | - Tao Ni
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
| | - Hui Yan
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
| | - Hanliang Zheng
- Zhejiang Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhong Li
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
| | - Wei-Ping Deng
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
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Yang WL, Shang XY, Luo X, Deng WP. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiroketals and Spiroaminals via Gold and Iridium Sequential Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203661. [PMID: 35446472 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective cascade reaction between racemic 2-(1-hydroxyallyl)phenols and alkynols/alkynamides was realized by using a gold and iridium sequential catalytic system. In this procedure, the in situ generated exocyclic vinyl ethers or enamides undergo the asymmetric allylation/spiroketalization with π-ally-Ir amphiphilic species, which provides an efficient and straightforward access to spiroketals and spiroaminals with excellent enantioselectivities. Moreover, racemic 2-(1-hydroxyallyl)anilines were also suitable in this reaction along with a kinetic resolution process, affording enantioenriched spiroaminals and 2-(1-hydroxyallyl)anilines in good yields. The synthetic utility of this method has been demonstrated by efficient enantioselective synthesis of the analogue of Paecilospirone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Lin Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yu Shang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Ping Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
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Zhang MM, Qu BL, Shi B, Xiao WJ, Lu LQ. High-order dipolar annulations with metal-containing reactive dipoles. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4146-4174. [PMID: 35521739 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00897h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Medium-sized heterocycles are widespread among a spectrum of structurally intriguing and biologically significant natural products and synthetic pharmaceuticals. Metal-catalyzed high-order dipolar annulations resembling reactions of metal-containing reactive dipoles with dipolarophiles constitute a highly efficient and flexible strategy for constructing medium-sized heterocycles. Mechanistically, these annulation reactions usually proceeding through stepwise pathways are different from the classic high-order pericyclic reactions that follow the Woodward-Hoffman rules. More significantly, asymmetric high-order dipolar annulations using chiral organometallic catalysts have been proven successful for constructing chiral medium-sized heterocycles with high enantio- and diastereoselectivity. This review highlights the impressive advances in this area and is focused on the reactivity, scope, mechanisms and applications of high-order dipolar annulation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Mao Zhang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Bao-Le Qu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Bin Shi
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang-Qiu Lu
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China. .,State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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Yang WL, Shang XY, Luo X, Deng WP. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiroketals and Spiroaminals via Gold and Iridium Sequential Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Lin Yang
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai CHINA
| | - Xin-Yu Shang
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
| | - Wei-Ping Deng
- East China University of Science and Technology School of Pharmacy CHINA
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Chen J, Zhou Q, Fang H, Lu P. Dancing on Ropes ‐ Enantioselective Functionalization of Preformed Four‐membered Carbocycles. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Huayi Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, No 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Ping Lu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu Shanghai 200433 China
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Hui Y, Man Z, Lin L, Teng H, Wulin Y. Advances in the Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Spiroketals. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202205001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zhang J, Chen Y, Wang Q, Shen J, Liu Y, Deng W. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclizations Involving Allyl or Propargyl Heteroatom-Dipole Precursors. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202206028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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