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Yu KX, Liu SN, Xing YY, Huang F, Wang WJ, Wang Q, Chen DZ, Wang J. Mechanistic Investigation on the Regioselectivity of Electrochemical Co(II)-Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Terminal Acetylenes. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38779840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, the regioselectivity of electrochemical Co(II)-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of terminal alkynes was investigated using density functional theory. We explored in detail the energy profiles for both 1,2,4- and 1,3,5-regioselectivity pathways and revealed the origin of the regioselectivity. Two kinds of conformational isomers derived from the different coordination modes of alkynes with cobaltacyclopentadiene have been found, which were formed through electrochemically mediated redox processes. The regioselectivity of the reaction depends on the two coordination modes. When the Co(II) center attacks α-C of the third alkyne, while β2-C in cyclopentadiene bonds to β-C of the alkyne, the reaction favors the formation of 1,2,4-products. In contrast, when the Co(II) center connects to β-C of the alkyne, it forms only the 1,3,5-products via [4 + 2] cycloaddition because of the steric repulsion between the bulky ligand on Co(II) and the phenyl group in the alkyne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Xin Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Nan Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Yang Xing
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - De-Zhan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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Guo Z, Zhang J, Zhang J, Xie M. Electrochemical Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Cyclodimerization of Alkynes to Access Diverse Functionalized Naphthalenes: Involvement of Rh IV/V and Rh I Dual Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:7784-7789. [PMID: 36250597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The first electrochemical rhodium-catalyzed C-H cyclodimerization of alkynes for the direct construction of functionalized naphthalenes was reported. The practicality and synthetic value of this strategy were demonstrated by the readily accessible scale-up synthesis and transformation of the products. Detailed mechanistic studies evidenced that electricity played an important role during the electrochemical disproportionation (ECD) process to generate and maintain the catalytically active RhIV/V and RhI species, which conducted the direct C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Jitan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Meihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids (Ministry of Education), Anhui Key Laboratory of Molecular Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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Lu D, Yang X, Guan W, Yin SF, Kambe N, Qiu R. Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective Iodoformylation of Terminal Alkynes to Access Versatile Electrophiles ( E)-β-Iodo-α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Org Lett 2022; 24:6993-6998. [PMID: 36122178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a method for synthesizing (E)-β-iodo-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes via the iodoformylation of terminal alkynes with TMSCF3 and NaI. This synthetic method uses inexpensive and easy-to-handle chemical feedstocks and employs a commercially available CuI catalyst. It can transform a broad range of terminal alkynes into bis-electrophile (E)-β-iodo-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with excellent chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity. Moreover, it was demonstrated that this protocol has abundant organic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Nobuaki Kambe
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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Arepally S, Nandhakumar P, González-Montiel GA, Dzhaparova A, Kim G, Ma A, Nam KM, Yang H, Ha-Yeon Cheong P, Park JK. Unified Electrochemical Synthetic Strategy for [2 + 2 + 2] Cyclotrimerizations: Construction of 1,3,5- and 1,2,4-Trisubstituted Benzenes from Ni(I)-Mediated Reduction of Alkynes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Arepally
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ponnusamy Nandhakumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | | | - Alina Dzhaparova
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Gyeongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ahyeon Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Ki Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, United States
| | - Jin Kyoon Park
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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Hou C, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Xu H, Wu Y, Zhao J, Wang Y, Liu Y. Ni‐Catalyzed Regioselective Cyclotrimerization of Internal Esteryl Alkynes towards Polysubstituted Benzene Rings. Helv Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hou
- Changchun University of Technology College of Chemistry and Life Science CHINA
| | - Yan Ma
- Jilin Baojinng Carbon Materials Co. Production Department CHINA
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Changchun University of Technology College of Chemistry and Life Science CHINA
| | - Huiling Xu
- Jilin Baojing Carbon Materials Co. Production Department CHINA
| | - Yuanqi Wu
- Changchun University of Technology College of Chemistry and Life Science CHINA
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Changchun University of Technology College of Chemistry and Life Science CHINA
| | - Yuchao Wang
- Changchun University of Technology College of Chemistry and Life Science CHINA
| | - Yu Liu
- Changchun University of Technology College of Chemistry and Life Science Yan'an Road 2005 130012 Changchun CHINA
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