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Chen H, Wang Z, Cui H, Cao S, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Wei S, Liu S, Wei B, Lu X. In-situ construction of iron-modified nickel nanoparticles assisted by hexamethylenetetramine with the internal and external collaboration for highly selective electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:75-85. [PMID: 38833736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) electroreduction provides a sustainable route for realizing carbon neutrality and energy supply. Up to now, challenges remain in employing abundant and inexpensive nickel materials as candidates for CO2 reduction due to their low activity and favorable hydrogen evolution. Here, the representative iron-modified nickel nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon (Ni1-Fe0.125-NC) with the porous botryoid morphology were successfully developed. Hexamethylenetetramine is used as nitrogen-doped carbon source. The collaboration of internal lattice expansion with electron effect and external confinement effect with size effect endows the significant enhancement in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. The optimized Ni1-Fe0.125-NC exhibits broad potential ranges for continuous carbon monoxide (CO) production. A superb CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) of 85.0 % realized at -1.1 V maintains a longtime durability over 35 h, which exceeds many state-of-the-art metal catalysts. Theoretical calculations further confirm that electron redistribution promotes the desorption of CO in the process for favorable CO production. This work opens a new avenue to design efficient nickel-based materials by considering the intrinsic structure and external confinement for CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Chen
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Cui
- Jinzhou Oil Production Plant of Liaohe Oilfield, CNPC, PR China
| | - Shoufu Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Zengxuan Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Shuxian Wei
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China.
| | - Baojun Wei
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, No. 66 Changjiang West Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China.
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Shen J, Pan Z. A supported Ni 2 dual-atoms site hollow urchin-like carbon catalyst for synergistic CO 2 electroreduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 673:486-495. [PMID: 38879990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Dual-atoms catalysts (DACs), while inheriting the advantages of maximum atom utilization ratio and excellent selectivity of single-atom catalysts (SACs), can better enhance the catalytic activity through the synergy of adjacent atoms. Therefore, DACs are considered to be very potential catalysts for CO2 to CO conversion. Its catalytic activity is greatly influenced by the coordination environment and morphology. Here, hollow urchin-like NiNC catalysts (Ni-NC(HU)-x, x = 100, 50, 25, 0) were synthesized using urchin-like nickel particles as template. By adjusting the amount of additional nitrogen source, the percentage content of pyridinic-N was adjusted as well as further affecting the coordination environment. Among them, Ni-NC(HU)-50, which had the highest content of pyridinic-N, formed a dual-atoms coordination structure and had the best catalytic performance that the CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) reached 97.2 % at -0.9 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and sustained above 95 % within 50 h. In-situ attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRAS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that Ni-NC(HU)-50 exhibited the best performance of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) by lowering the *COOH formation free energy barrier and its favorable dual desorption mechanism of *COL and *COB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Shen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Zhenping Pan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Han J, Shi L, Xie H, Song R, Wang D, Liu D. Self-Powered Electrochemical CO 2 Conversion Enabled by a Multifunctional Carbon-Based Electrocatalyst and a Rechargeable Zn-Air Battery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401766. [PMID: 38837621 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Multifunctional electrocatalysts are required for diverse clean energy-related technologies (e.g., electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) and metal-air batteries). Herein, a nitrogen and fluorine co-doped carbon nanotube (NFCNT) is reported to simultaneously achieve multifunctional catalytic activities for CO2RR, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Theoretical calculations reveal that the superior multifunctional catalytic activities of NFCNT are attributed to the synergistic effect of nitrogen and fluorine co-doping to induce charge redistribution and decrease the energy barrier of rate-determining step for different electrocatalytic reactions. Furthermore, the rechargeable Zn-air battery (ZAB) with NFCNT electrode delivers a high peak power density of 230 mW cm-2 and superior durability over 100 cycles, outperforming the ZAB with Pt/C+RuO2 based electrodes. More importantly, a self-driven CO2 electrolysis unit powered by the as-assembled ZABs is developed, which achieves 80% CO Faraday efficiency and 60% total energy efficiency. This work provides a new insight into the exploration of highly efficient multifunctional carbon-based electrocatalysts for novel energy-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lei Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huamei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ruilin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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4
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Yang Y, Li B, Liang Y, Ni W, Li X, Shen G, Xu L, Chen Z, Zhu C, Liang J, Zhang S. Hetero-Diatomic CoN 4-NiN 4 Site Pairs with Long-Range Coupling as Efficient Bifunctional Catalyst for Rechargeable Zn-Air Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310231. [PMID: 38554395 PMCID: PMC11165470 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
In this study, Co/Ni-NC catalyst with hetero-diatomic Co/Ni active sites dispersed on nitrogen-doped carbon matrix is synthesized via the controlled pyrolysis of ZIF-8 containing Co2+ and Ni2+ compounds. Experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that Co and Ni are atomically and uniformly dispersed in pairs of CoN4-NiN4 with an intersite distance ≈0.41 nm, and there is long-range d-d coupling between Co and Ni with more electron delocalization for higher bifunctional activity. Besides, the in situ grown carbon nanotubes at the edges of the catalyst particles allow high electronic conductivity for electrocatalysis process. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrate the superior ORR and OER bifunctionality of Co/Ni-NC catalyst with a narrow potential gap of only 0.691 V and long-term durability, significantly prevailing over the single-atom Co-NC and Ni-NC catalysts and the benchmark Pt/C and RuO2 catalysts. Co/Ni-NC catalyzed Zn-air batteries achieve a high specific capacity of 771 mAh g-1 and a long continuous operation period up to 340 h with a small voltage gap of ≈0.65 V, also much superior to Pt/C-RuO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai519000China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Yining Liang
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai519000China
| | - Wenpeng Ni
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle BodyHunan UniversityChangsha410004China
| | - Xuan Li
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai519000China
| | - Gengzhe Shen
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai519000China
| | - Lin Xu
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai519000China
| | - Zhengjian Chen
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesZhuhai519000China
| | - Chun Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Jin‐Xia Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China
| | - Shiguo Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle BodyHunan UniversityChangsha410004China
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Zhang M, Zhou D, Mu X, Wang D, Liu S, Dai Z. Regulating the Critical Intermediates of Dual-Atom Catalysts for CO 2 Electroreduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402050. [PMID: 38801298 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis is a very attractive way to achieve a sustainable carbon cycle by converting CO2 into organic fuels and feedstocks. Therefore, it is crucial to design advanced electrocatalysts by understanding the reaction mechanism of electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) with multiple electron transfers. Among electrocatalysts, dual-atom catalysts (DACs) are promising candidates due to their distinct electronic structures and extremely high atomic utilization efficiency. Herein, the eCO2RR mechanism and the identification of intermediates using advanced characterization techniques, with a particular focus on regulating the critical intermediates are systematically summarized. Further, the insightful understanding of the functionality of DACs originates from the variable metrics of electronic structures including orbital structure, charge distribution, and electron spin state, which influences the active sites and critical intermediates in eCO2RR processes. Based on the intrinsic relationship between variable metrics and critical intermediates, the optimized strategies of DACs are summarized containing the participation of synergistic atoms, engineering of the atomic coordination environment, regulation of the diversity of central metal atoms, and modulation of metal-support interaction. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of atomically dispersed catalysts for eCO2RR processes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Dingyang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xueqin Mu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Suli Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhihui Dai
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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6
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Wu J, Zhong H, Huang ZF, Zou JJ, Zhang X, Zhang YC, Pan L. Research progress of dual-atom site catalysts for photocatalysis. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38639199 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr06386k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Dual-atom site catalysts (DASCs) have sparked considerable interest in heterogeneous photocatalysis as they possess the advantages of excellent photoelectronic activity, photostability, and high carrier separation efficiency and mobility. The DASCs involved in these important photocatalytic processes, especially in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), N2/nitrate reduction, etc., have been extensively investigated in the past few years. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in DASCs that provides fundamental insights into the photocatalytic conversion of small molecules. The controllable preparation and characterization methods of various DASCs are discussed. Subsequently, the reaction mechanisms of the formation of several important molecules (hydrogen, hydrocarbons and ammonia) on DASCs are introduced in detail, in order to probe the relationship between DASCs's structure and photocatalytic activity. Finally, some challenges and outlooks of DASCs in the photocatalytic conversion of small molecules are summarized and prospected. We hope that this review can provide guidance for in-depth understanding and aid in the design of efficient DASCs for photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinting Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Haoming Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zhen-Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ji-Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yong-Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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7
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Cao P, Chen S, Su Y, Quan X. Promoting CO 2 Electroreduction to Ethane by Iodide-Derived Copper with the Hydrophobic Surface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38604119 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to value-added products provides a feasible pathway for mitigating net carbon emissions and storing renewable energy. However, the low dimerization efficiency of the absorbed CO intermediate (*CO) and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction hinder the selective electroreduction of CO2 to ethane (C2H6) with a high energy density. Here, we designed hydrophobic iodide-derived copper electrodes (I-Cu/Nafion) for reducing CO2 to C2H6. The Faradaic efficiency of C2H6 reached 23.37% at -0.7 V vs RHE over the I-Cu/Nafion electrode in an H-type cell, which was about 1.7 times higher than that of the I-Cu electrode. The hydrophobic properties of the I-Cu/Nafion electrodes led to an increase in the local CO2 concentration and stabilized the Cu+ species. In situ Raman characterizations and density functional theory calculations indicate that the enhanced performances could be ascribed to the strong *CO adsorption and decreased the formation energy of *COOH and *COCOH intermediates. This study highlights the effect of the hydrophobic surface on Cu-based catalysts in the electroreduction of CO2 and provides a promising way to adjust the selectivity of C2 products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Peike Cao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xie Quan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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8
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Tang T, Bai X, Wang Z, Guan J. Structural engineering of atomic catalysts for electrocatalysis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:5082-5112. [PMID: 38577377 PMCID: PMC10988631 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00569d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
As a burgeoning category of heterogeneous catalysts, atomic catalysts have been extensively researched in the field of electrocatalysis. To satisfy different electrocatalytic reactions, single-atom catalysts (SACs), diatomic catalysts (DACs) and triatomic catalysts (TACs) have been successfully designed and synthesized, in which microenvironment structure regulation is the core to achieve high-efficiency catalytic activity and selectivity. In this review, the effect of the geometric and electronic structure of metal active centers on catalytic performance is systematically introduced, including substrates, central metal atoms, and the coordination environment. Then theoretical understanding of atomic catalysts for electrocatalysis is innovatively discussed, including synergistic effects, defect coupled spin state change and crystal field distortion spin state change. In addition, we propose the challenges to optimize atomic catalysts for electrocatalysis applications, including controlled synthesis, increasing the density of active sites, enhancing intrinsic activity, and improving the stability. Moreover, the structure-function relationships of atomic catalysts in the CO2 reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and oxygen evolution reaction are highlighted. To facilitate the development of high-performance atomic catalysts, several technical challenges and research orientations are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmi Tang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130021 PR China
| | - Xue Bai
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130021 PR China
| | - Zhenlu Wang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130021 PR China
| | - Jingqi Guan
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130021 PR China
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9
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Xu F, Feng B, Shen Z, Chen Y, Jiao L, Zhang Y, Tian J, Zhang J, Wang X, Yang L, Wu Q, Hu Z. Oxygen-Bridged Cu Binuclear Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction to Ethanol at Ultralow Overpotential. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9365-9374. [PMID: 38511947 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR) to alcohols offers a promising strategy for converting waste CO2 into valuable fuels/chemicals but usually requires large overpotentials. Herein, we report a catalyst comprising unique oxygen-bridged Cu binuclear sites (CuOCu-N4) with a Cu···Cu distance of 3.0-3.1 Å and concomitant conventional Cu-N4 mononuclear sites on hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages (hNCNCs). The catalyst exhibits a state-of-the-art low overpotential of 0.19 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode) for ethanol and an outstanding ethanol Faradaic efficiency of 56.3% at an ultralow potential of -0.30 V, with high-stable Cu active-site structures during the CO2RR as confirmed by operando X-ray adsorption fine structure characterization. Theoretical simulations reveal that CuOCu-N4 binuclear sites greatly enhance the C-C coupling at low potentials, while Cu-N4 mononuclear sites and the hNCNC support increase the local CO concentration and ethanol production on CuOCu-N4. This study provides a convenient approach to advanced Cu binuclear site catalysts for CO2RR to ethanol with a deep understanding of the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Biao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yiqun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liu Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jingyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xizhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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10
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Li Y, Li Y, Sun H, Gao L, Jin X, Li Y, Lv Z, Xu L, Liu W, Sun X. Current Status and Perspectives of Dual-Atom Catalysts Towards Sustainable Energy Utilization. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:139. [PMID: 38421549 PMCID: PMC10904713 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of sustainable energy utilization requires the implementation of advanced electrochemical devices for efficient energy conversion and storage, which are enabled by the usage of cost-effective, high-performance electrocatalysts. Currently, heterogeneous atomically dispersed catalysts are considered as potential candidates for a wide range of applications. Compared to conventional catalysts, atomically dispersed metal atoms in carbon-based catalysts have more unsaturated coordination sites, quantum size effect, and strong metal-support interactions, resulting in exceptional catalytic activity. Of these, dual-atomic catalysts (DACs) have attracted extensive attention due to the additional synergistic effect between two adjacent metal atoms. DACs have the advantages of full active site exposure, high selectivity, theoretical 100% atom utilization, and the ability to break the scaling relationship of adsorption free energy on active sites. In this review, we summarize recent research advancement of DACs, which includes (1) the comprehensive understanding of the synergy between atomic pairs; (2) the synthesis of DACs; (3) characterization methods, especially aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron spectroscopy; and (4) electrochemical energy-related applications. The last part focuses on great potential for the electrochemical catalysis of energy-related small molecules, such as oxygen reduction reaction, CO2 reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and N2 reduction reaction. The future research challenges and opportunities are also raised in prospective section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangrong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Xinjiang Coal Mine Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology Research Center, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering, Ürümqi, 830023, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Wang T, Zhang Q, Lian K, Qi G, Liu Q, Feng L, Hu G, Luo J, Liu X. Fe nanoparticles confined by multiple-heteroatom-doped carbon frameworks for aqueous Zn-air battery driving CO 2 electrolysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 655:176-186. [PMID: 37935071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOF) derived carbon materials are considered to be excellent conductive mass transfer substrates, and the large specific surface area provides a favorable platform for loading metal nanoparticles. Tuning the coordination of metals through polyacid doping to change the MOF structure and specific surface area is an advanced strategy for designing catalysts. Modification of Fe-doped ZIF-8 pre-curing by pyrolysis of phosphomolybdic acid hydrate (PMo), Fe nanoparticles confined by Mo and N co-doped carbon frameworks (Fe-NP/MNCF) were fabricated, and the impact of PMo doping on the shape and functionality of the catalysts was investigated. The Zn-air battery (ZAB) driven CO2 electrolysis was realized by using Fe-NP/MNCF, which was used as bifunctional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) catalysts. The results show that the half-wave potential (E1/2) of Fe-NP/MNCF is 0.89 V, and the limiting diffused current density (jL) is 6.4 mA cm-2. The ZAB constructed by Fe-NP/MNCF shows a high specific capacity of 794.8 mAh gZn-1, a high open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.475 V, and a high power density of 111.6 mW cm-2. Fe-NP/MNCF exhibited efficient CO2RR performance with high CO Faraday efficiency (FECO) of 87.5 % and current density for the generation of carbon dioxide (jCO) of 10 mA cm-2 at -0.9 V vs RHE. ZAB-driven CO2RR had strong catalytic stability. These findings provide new methods and techniques for the preparation of advanced carbon-based catalysts from MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Wang
- Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Kang Lian
- Institute for New Energy Materials & Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China; State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi, China
| | - Gaocan Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Ligang Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Guangzhi Hu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jun Luo
- ShenSi Lab, Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Longhua District, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Xijun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi, China.
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12
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Zhao X, Xie H, Deng B, Wang L, Li Y, Dong F. Enhanced CO 2 reduction with hydrophobic cationic-ionomer layer-modified zero-gap MEA in acidic electrolyte. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:542-545. [PMID: 38093711 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05277j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A hydrophobic cationic-ionomer layer of quaternary ammonium poly(N-methyl-piperidine-co-p-terphenyl) and PTFE is presented to enhance the CO2 electroreduction in a zero-gap membrane electrode assembly (MEA) electrolyzer under acidic and low alkali ion concentration conditions. The modified MEA achieved a maximum CO faradaic efficiency of 95.6% at 100 mA cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyang Zhao
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Hongtao Xie
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
| | - Bangwei Deng
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
| | - Yizhao Li
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
| | - Fan Dong
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313001, China.
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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13
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Li R, Zhao J, Liu B, Wang D. Atomic Distance Engineering in Metal Catalysts to Regulate Catalytic Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308653. [PMID: 37779465 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
It is very important to understand the structure-performance relationship of metal catalysts by adjusting the microstructure of catalysts at the atomic scale. The atomic distance has an essential influence on the composition of the environment of active metal atom, which is a key factor for the design of targeted catalysts with desired function. In this review, we discuss and summarize strategies for changing the atomic distance from three aspects and relate their effects on the reactivity of catalysts. First, the effects of regulating bond length between metal and coordination atom at one single-atom site on the catalytic performance are introduced. The bond lengths are affected by the strain effect of the support and high-shell doping and can evolve during the reaction. Next, the influence of the distance between single-atom sites on the catalytic performance is discussed. Due to the space matching of adsorption and electron transport, the catalytic performance can be adjusted with the shortening of site distance. In addition, the effect of the arrangement spacing of the surface metal active atoms on the catalytic performance of metal nanocatalysts is studied. Finally, a comprehensive summary and outlook of the relationship between atomic distance and catalytic performance is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- Henan Polytechnic University, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 2001 Century Ave, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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14
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Han Y, Xu H, Li Q, Du A, Yan X. DFT-assisted low-dimensional carbon-based electrocatalysts design and mechanism study: a review. Front Chem 2023; 11:1286257. [PMID: 37920412 PMCID: PMC10619919 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1286257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-dimensional carbon-based (LDC) materials have attracted extensive research attention in electrocatalysis because of their unique advantages such as structural diversity, low cost, and chemical tolerance. They have been widely used in a broad range of electrochemical reactions to relieve environmental pollution and energy crisis. Typical examples include hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), and nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Traditional "trial and error" strategies greatly slowed down the rational design of electrocatalysts for these important applications. Recent studies show that the combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental research is capable of accurately predicting the structures of electrocatalysts, thus revealing the catalytic mechanisms. Herein, current well-recognized collaboration methods of theory and practice are reviewed. The commonly used calculation methods and the basic functionals are briefly summarized. Special attention is paid to descriptors that are widely accepted as a bridge linking the structure and activity and the breakthroughs for high-volume accurate prediction of electrocatalysts. Importantly, correlated multiple descriptors are used to systematically describe the complicated interfacial electrocatalytic processes of LDC catalysts. Furthermore, machine learning and high-throughput simulations are crucial in assisting the discovery of new multiple descriptors and reaction mechanisms. This review will guide the further development of LDC electrocatalysts for extended applications from the aspect of DFT computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Han
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hongzhe Xu
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Qin Li
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xuecheng Yan
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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15
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Chen Y, Lin J, Pan Q, Liu X, Ma T, Wang X. Inter-Metal Interaction of Dual-Atom Catalysts in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306469. [PMID: 37312248 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dual-atom catalysts (DACs) have been a new frontier in heterogeneous catalysis due to their unique intrinsic properties. The synergy between dual atoms provides flexible active sites, promising to enhance performance and even catalyze more complex reactions. However, precisely regulating active site structure and uncovering dual-atom metal interaction remain grand challenges. In this review, we clarify the significance of the inter-metal interaction of DACs based on the understanding of active center structures. Three diatomic configurations are elaborated, including isolated dual single-atom, N/O-bridged dual-atom, and direct dual-metal bonding interaction. Subsequently, the up-to-date progress in heterogeneous oxidation reactions, hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions, electrocatalytic reactions, and photocatalytic reactions are summarized. The structure-activity relationship between DACs and catalytic performance is then discussed at an atomic level. Finally, the challenges and future directions to engineer the structure of DACs are discussed. This review will offer new prospects for the rational design of efficient DACs toward heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Jian Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qin Pan
- Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Institute of Clean Energy Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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16
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Zhang S, Hou M, Zhai Y, Liu H, Zhai D, Zhu Y, Ma L, Wei B, Huang J. Dual-Active-Sites Single-Atom Catalysts for Advanced Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302739. [PMID: 37322318 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Dual-Active-Sites Single-Atom catalysts (DASs SACs) are not only the improvement of SACs but also the expansion of dual-atom catalysts. The DASs SACs contains dual active sites, one of which is a single atomic active site, and the other active site can be a single atom or other type of active site, endowing DASs SACs with excellent catalytic performance and a wide range of applications. The DASs SACs are categorized into seven types, including the neighboring mono metallic DASs SACs, bonded DASs SACs, non-bonded DASs SACs, bridged DASs SACs, asymmetric DASs SACs, metal and nonmetal combined DASs SACs and space separated DASs SACs. Based on the above classification, the general methods for the preparation of DASs SACs are comprehensively described, especially their structural characteristics are discussed in detail. Meanwhile, the in-depth assessments of DASs SACs for variety applications including electrocatalysis, thermocatalysis and photocatalysis are provided, as well as their unique catalytic mechanism are addressed. Moreover, the prospects and challenges for DASs SACs and related applications are highlighted. The authors believe the great expectations for DASs SACs, and this review will provide novel conceptual and methodological perspectives and exciting opportunities for further development and application of DASs SACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Minchen Hou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yanliang Zhai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhai
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, P. R. China
| | - Youqi Zhu
- Research Center of Materials Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications Institution, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of New Electric Functional Materials of Guangxi Colleges and Universities, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530023, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wei
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, P. R. China
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17
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Liu L, Wu X, Wang F, Zhang L, Wang X, Song S, Zhang H. Dual-Site Metal Catalysts for Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Reaction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300583. [PMID: 37367498 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) is a promising and green approach for reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration and achieving high-valued conversion of CO2 under the carbon-neutral policy. In CO2 RR, the dual-site metal catalysts (DSMCs) have received wide attention for their ingenious design strategies, abundant active sites, and excellent catalytic performance attributed to the synergistic effect between dual-site in terms of activity, selectivity and stability, which plays a key role in catalytic reactions. This review provides a systematic summary and detailed classification of DSMCs for CO2 RR, describes the mechanism of synergistic effects in catalytic reactions, and also introduces in situ characterization techniques commonly used in CO2 RR. Finally, the main challenges and prospects of dual-site metal catalysts and even multi-site catalysts for CO2 recycling are analyzed. It is believed that based on the understanding of bimetallic site catalysts and synergistic effects in CO2 RR, well-designed high-performance, low-cost electrocatalysts are promising for achieving CO2 conversion, electrochemical energy conversion and storage in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xueting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5265, Renmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, P.R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, 96, Jinzhai Road, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 30, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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18
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Guan X, Song E, Gao W. Modulating the Catalytic Properties of Bimetallic Atomic Catalysts: Role of Dangling Bonds and Charging. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202267. [PMID: 36792532 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic atomic catalysts (BACs) exhibit great potential in CO2 electroreduction. However, modulation and improvement of their catalytic performance are still challenging. To address these issues, an intrinsic descriptor ψ based on the valence properties of active centers was used. The role of the dangling bonds and charging in modulating the catalytic properties of BACs called M1 M2 -N6 -G (M1 =Ru and Fe) was studied. It was shown that linear relationships between the adsorption energy of the C-species are broken under the effect of the dangling bonds and that they are restored with charging. However, charging has minor effects on the adsorption of the O-species. These findings enable screening promising BACs for CH3 OH production. This research provides effective schemes for modulating the properties of catalysts, which is beneficial to enriching high-performance catalysts for various reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Erhong Song
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 130022, Changchun, P. R. China
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19
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Tan XQ, Mo W, Lin X, Loh JY, Mohamed AR, Ong WJ. Retrospective insights into recent MXene-based catalysts for CO 2 electro/photoreduction: how far have we gone? NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6536-6562. [PMID: 36942445 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05718b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The electro/photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a long-term avenue toward synthesizing renewable fuels and value-added chemicals, as well as addressing the global energy crisis and environmental challenges. As a result, current research studies have focused on investigating new materials and implementing numerous fabrication approaches to increase the catalytic performances of electro/photocatalysts toward the CO2RR. MXenes, also known as 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, are intriguing materials with outstanding traits. Since their discovery in 2011, there has been a flurry of interest in MXenes in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, owing to their several benefits, including high mechanical strength, tunable structure, surface functionality, high specific surface area, and remarkable electrical conductivity. Herein, this review serves as a milestone for the most recent development of MXene-based catalysts for the electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO2RR. The overall structure of MXenes is described, followed by a summary of several synthesis pathways classified as top-down and bottom-up approaches, including HF-etching, in situ HF-formation, electrochemical etching, and halogen etching. Additionally, the state-of-the-art development in the field of both the electrocatalytic and photocatalytic CO2RR is systematically reviewed. Surface termination modulation and heterostructure engineering of MXene-based electro/photocatalysts, and insights into the reaction mechanism for the comprehension of the structure-performance relationship from the CO2RR via density functional theory (DFT) have been underlined toward activity enhancement. Finally, imperative issues together with future perspectives associated with MXene-based electro/photocatalysts are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Quan Tan
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia
| | - Wuwei Mo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia
| | - Xinlong Lin
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia
| | - Jian Yiing Loh
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Mohamed
- Low Carbon Economy (LCE) Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, 14300 Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Wee-Jun Ong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia.
- Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Gulei Innovation Institute, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou 363216, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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20
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Meng Y, Huang H, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Lu H, Li X. Recent advances in the theoretical studies on the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction based on single and double atoms. Front Chem 2023; 11:1172146. [PMID: 37056353 PMCID: PMC10086683 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1172146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere poses a significant threat to the global climate. Therefore, the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is important to reduce the burden on the environment and provide possibilities for developing new energy sources. However, highly active and selective catalysts are needed to effectively catalyze product synthesis with high adhesion value. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) and double-atom catalysts (DACs) have attracted much attention in the field of electrocatalysis due to their high activity, strong selectivity, and high atomic utilization. This review summarized the research progress of electrocatalytic CO2RR related to different types of SACs and DACs. The emphasis was laid on the catalytic reaction mechanism of SACs and DACs using the theoretical calculation method. Furthermore, the influences of solvation and electrode potential were studied to simulate the real electrochemical environment to bridge the gap between experiments and computations. Finally, the current challenges and future development prospects were summarized and prospected for CO2RR to lay the foundation for the theoretical research of SACs and DACs in other aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Meng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green−Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green−Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - You Zhang
- College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongyong Cao
- College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yongyong Cao, ; Hanfeng Lu, ; Xi Li,
| | - Hanfeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green−Chemical Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Industrial Catalysis, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongyong Cao, ; Hanfeng Lu, ; Xi Li,
| | - Xi Li
- College of Biological Chemical Science and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yongyong Cao, ; Hanfeng Lu, ; Xi Li,
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21
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Design of molecular MNC dual-atom catalysts for nitrogen reduction starting from surface state analysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 640:983-989. [PMID: 36913836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Under electrocatalytic conditions, the state of a catalyst surface (e.g., adsorbate coverage) can be very different from a pristine form due to the existing conversion equilibrium between water and H- and O-containing adsorbates. Dismissing the analysis of the catalyst surface state under operating conditionsmay lead to misleading guidelines for experiments. Given that confirming the actual active site of the catalyst under operating conditions is indispensable to providing practical guidance for experiments, herein, we analyzed the relations between the Gibbs free energy and the potential of a new type of molecular metal-nitrogen-carbon (MNC) dual-atom catalysts (DACs) with a unique 5 N-coordination environment, by spin-polarized density functional theory (DFT) and surface Pourbaix diagram calculations. Analyzing the derived surface Pourbaix diagrams, we screened out three catalysts, N3-Ni-Ni-N2, N3-Co-Ni-N2, and N3-Ni-Co-N2, to further study the activity of nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). The results display that N3-Co-Ni-N2 is a promising NRR catalyst with a relatively low ΔG of 0.49 eV and slow kinetics of the competing hydrogen evolution. This work proposes a new strategy to guide DAC experiments more precisely: the analysis of the surface occupancy state of the catalysts under electrochemical conditions should be performed before activity analysis.
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Tan X, Zhuang Z, Zhang Y, Sun K, Chen C. Rational design of atomic site catalysts for electrochemical CO 2 reduction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2682-2696. [PMID: 36749619 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06503g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Renewable-energy-powered electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECR) is a promising way of transforming CO2 to value-added products and achieving sustainable carbon recycling. By virtue of the extremely high exposure rate of active sites and excellent catalytic performance, atomic site catalysts (ASCs), including single-atomic site catalysts and diatomic site catalysts, have attracted considerable attention. In this feature article, we focus on the rational design strategies of ASCs developed in recent years for the ECR reaction. The influence of these strategies on the activity and selectivity of ASCs for ECR is further discussed in terms of electronic regulation, synergistic activation, microenvironmental regulation and tandem catalytic system construction. Finally, the challenges and future directions are indicated. We hope that this feature article will be helpful in the development of novel ASCs for ECR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tan
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Zewen Zhuang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. .,College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Kaian Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Xia D, Tang X, Dai S, Ge R, Rykov A, Wang J, Huang TH, Wang KW, Wei Y, Zhang K, Li J, Gan L, Kang F. Ultrastable Fe-N-C Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts by Eliminating Non-Coordinating Nitrogen and Regulating Coordination Structures at High Temperatures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2204474. [PMID: 36398715 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202204474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolyzed Fe-N-C materials have attracted considerable interest as one of the most active noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Despite significant progress is made in improving their catalytic activity during past decades, the Fe-N-C catalysts still suffer from fairly poor electrochemical and storage stability, which greatly hurdles their practical application. Here, an effective strategy is developed to greatly improve their catalytic stability in PEMFCs and storage stability by virtue of previously unexplored high-temperature synthetic chemistry between 1100 and 1200 °C. Pyrolysis at this rarely adopted temperature range not only enables the elimination of less active nitrogen-doped carbon sites that generate detrimental peroxide byproduct but also regulates the coordination structure of Fe-N-C from less stable D1 (O-FeN4 C12 ) to a more stable D2 structure (FeN4 C10 ). The optimized Fe-N-C catalyst exhibits excellent stability in PEMFCs (>80% performance retention after 30 h under H2 /O2 condition) and no activity loss after 35 day storage while maintaining a competitive ORR activity and PEMFC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Xia
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Research Center, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Rile Ge
- Center for Advanced Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Mössbauer Effect Data Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Alexander Rykov
- Center for Advanced Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Mössbauer Effect Data Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Junhu Wang
- Center for Advanced Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Mössbauer Effect Data Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China
| | - Tzu-Hsi Huang
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wen Wang
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Yinping Wei
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Research Center, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Research Center, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Research Center, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Lin Gan
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Research Center, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Shenzhen Geim Graphene Research Center, Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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Cao C, Zhou S, Zuo S, Zhang H, Chen B, Huang J, Wu XT, Xu Q, Zhu QL. Si Doping-Induced Electronic Structure Regulation of Single-Atom Fe Sites for Boosted CO 2 Electroreduction at Low Overpotentials. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0079. [PMID: 36939451 PMCID: PMC10017332 DOI: 10.34133/research.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-based single-atom catalysts (TM-SACs) are promising alternatives to Au- and Ag-based electrocatalysts for CO production through CO2 reduction reaction. However, developing TM-SACs with high activity and selectivity at low overpotentials is challenging. Herein, a novel Fe-based SAC with Si doping (Fe-N-C-Si) was prepared, which shows a record-high electrocatalytic performance toward the CO2-to-CO conversion with exceptional current density (>350.0 mA cm-2) and ~100% Faradaic efficiency (FE) at the overpotential of <400 mV, far superior to the reported Fe-based SACs. Further assembling Fe-N-C-Si as the cathode in a rechargeable Zn-CO2 battery delivers an outstanding performance with a maximal power density of 2.44 mW cm-2 at an output voltage of 0.30 V, as well as high cycling stability and FE (>90%) for CO production. Experimental combined with theoretical analysis unraveled that the nearby Si dopants in the form of Si-C/N bonds modulate the electronic structure of the atomic Fe sites in Fe-N-C-Si to markedly accelerate the key pathway involving *CO intermediate desorption, inhibiting the poisoning of the Fe sites under high CO coverage and thus boosting the CO2RR performance. This work provides an efficient strategy to tune the adsorption/desorption behaviors of intermediates on single-atom sites to improve their electrocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shenghua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shouwei Zuo
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC),
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huabin Zhang
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC),
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry,
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Junheng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, FujianInstitute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xin-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS),
Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano-Porous Functional Materials (SKLPM), SUSTech-Kyoto University Advanced Energy Materials Joint Innovation Laboratory (SKAEM-JIL), and Department of Materials Science and Engineering,
Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qi-Long Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- Address correspondence to:
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