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Mai H, Le TC, Chen D, Winkler DA, Caruso RA. Machine Learning for Electrocatalyst and Photocatalyst Design and Discovery. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13478-13515. [PMID: 35862246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalysts and photocatalysts are key to a sustainable future, generating clean fuels, reducing the impact of global warming, and providing solutions to environmental pollution. Improved processes for catalyst design and a better understanding of electro/photocatalytic processes are essential for improving catalyst effectiveness. Recent advances in data science and artificial intelligence have great potential to accelerate electrocatalysis and photocatalysis research, particularly the rapid exploration of large materials chemistry spaces through machine learning. Here a comprehensive introduction to, and critical review of, machine learning techniques used in electrocatalysis and photocatalysis research are provided. Sources of electro/photocatalyst data and current approaches to representing these materials by mathematical features are described, the most commonly used machine learning methods summarized, and the quality and utility of electro/photocatalyst models evaluated. Illustrations of how machine learning models are applied to novel electro/photocatalyst discovery and used to elucidate electrocatalytic or photocatalytic reaction mechanisms are provided. The review offers a guide for materials scientists on the selection of machine learning methods for electrocatalysis and photocatalysis research. The application of machine learning to catalysis science represents a paradigm shift in the way advanced, next-generation catalysts will be designed and synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxin Mai
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Tu C Le
- School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Dehong Chen
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - David A Winkler
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, Victoria 3042, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel A Caruso
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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2
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Yun YS, Berdugo-Díaz CE, Flaherty DW. Advances in Understanding the Selective Hydrogenolysis of Biomass Derivatives. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sik Yun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Claudia E. Berdugo-Díaz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David W. Flaherty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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3
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Martínez B, Viñes F, McBreen PH, Illas F. Mo single atoms in the Cu(111) surface as improved catalytic active centers for deoxygenation reactions. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00736j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The surface Mo-doped Cu(111) catalyst feature improved performance towards deoxygenation reactions, acting as a single-atom alloy capable of breaking Brønsted–Evans–Polanyi relations for carbonyl bond scissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biel Martínez
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB)
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Francesc Viñes
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB)
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | | | - Francesc Illas
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB)
- 08028 Barcelona
- Spain
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4
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Holade Y, Tuleushova N, Tingry S, Servat K, Napporn TW, Guesmi H, Cornu D, Kokoh KB. Recent advances in the electrooxidation of biomass-based organic molecules for energy, chemicals and hydrogen production. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02446h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The recent developments in biomass-derivative fuelled electrochemical converters for electricity or hydrogen production together with chemical electrosynthesis have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaovi Holade
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- Univ. Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - Nazym Tuleushova
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- Univ. Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - Sophie Tingry
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- Univ. Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - Karine Servat
- Université de Poitiers
- IC2MP UMR-CNRS 7285
- 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9
- France
| | - Teko W. Napporn
- Université de Poitiers
- IC2MP UMR-CNRS 7285
- 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9
- France
| | - Hazar Guesmi
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier
- ICGM – UMR 5253
- Univ. Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - David Cornu
- Institut Européen des Membranes
- IEM – UMR 5635
- Univ. Montpellier
- ENSCM
- CNRS
| | - K. Boniface Kokoh
- Université de Poitiers
- IC2MP UMR-CNRS 7285
- 86073 Poitiers Cedex 9
- France
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5
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Calderón LA, Montoya A, Soon A, Stampfl C. Non-dissociative adsorption of glycerol on the (111) surface of Ni and Pt-based metallic systems: Hints on reforming activity from d-band center. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.110412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Shan N, Liu B. Elucidating Molecular Interactions in Glycerol Adsorption at the Metal-Water Interface with Density Functional Theory. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4791-4805. [PMID: 30350699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glycerol is an extremely versatile platform molecule for chemical and fuel production, as evidenced by successful demonstrations in electrochemical and thermochemical processes, where key catalytic chemistries occur at the solid-liquid interface. Despite the remarkable progress made in enriching the first-principles-based computational tool set to reveal and characterize solvent structures in the past decade, techniques for realistic and efficient molecular-level modeling to study aqueous-phase glycerol chemistry are still far from mature. Many aqueous-phase catalytic systems are deemed too complex for routine modeling because of their highly correlated structures at the heterogeneous solid-liquid interface. This invited feature article merges recent developments in quantum mechanical solvation models and oxygenated hydrocarbon conversion chemistry by revisiting the molecular interactions of adsorbed glycerol and its dehydrogenation intermediates at the water-metal interface. Explicit participation of water through the establishment of water-adsorbate, water-water, and water-metal interactions on Pt(111) was investigated using density functional theory. In periodic models, the adsorption favors networklike structures with adsorbates as nodal points linked by coadsorbed water molecules. We also showed that these adsorption patterns actually preserve the original bond-order-based scaling relationship framework established without the consideration of solvent. This behavior can be exploited to improve computational efficiency for future analysis of catalytic polyol conversions in the aqueous-phase environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Shan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Kansas State University , Manhattan , Kansas 66506 , United States
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7
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Jin X, Yin B, Xia Q, Fang T, Shen J, Kuang L, Yang C. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass-Derived Substrates to Value-Added Chemicals on Dual-Function Catalysts: Opportunities and Challenges. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:71-92. [PMID: 30240143 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous-phase hydrodeoxygenation (APH) of bioderived feedstocks into useful chemical building blocks is one the most important processes for biomass conversion. However, several technological challenges, such as elevated reaction temperature (220-280 °C), high H2 pressure (4-10 MPa), uncontrollable side reactions, and intensive capital investment, have resulted in a bottleneck for the further development of existing APH processes. Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) under much milder conditions with non-fossil-based H2 has attracted extensive interest as a result of several advantageous features, including high atom efficiency (≈100 %), low energy intensity, and green H2 obtained from renewable sources. Typically, CTH can be categorized as internal H2 transfer (sacrificing small amounts of feedstocks for H2 generation) and external H2 transfer from H2 donors (e.g., alcohols, formic acid). Although the last decade has witnessed a few successful applications of conventional APH technologies, CTH is still relatively new for biomass conversion. Very limited attempts have been made in both academia and industry. Understanding the fundamentals for precise control of catalyst structures is key for tunable dual functionality to combine simultaneous H2 generation and hydrogenation. Therefore, this Review focuses on the rational design of dual-functionalized catalysts for synchronous H2 generation and hydrogenation of bio-feedstocks into value-added chemicals through CTH technologies. Most recent studies, published from 2015 to 2018, on the transformation of selected model compounds, including glycerol, xylitol, sorbitol, levulinic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, cresol, phenol, and guaiacol, are critically reviewed herein. The relationship between the nanostructures of heterogeneous catalysts and the catalytic activity and selectivity for C-O, C-H, C-C, and O-H bond cleavage are discussed to provide insights into future designs for the atom-economical conversion of biomass into fuels and chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266580, PR China
| | - Bin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266580, PR China
| | - Qi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266580, PR China
| | - Tianqi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266580, PR China
| | - Jian Shen
- College of Environment and Resources, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan Province, 411105, PR China
| | - Liquan Kuang
- Jinxi Petrochemical Company, China Petroleum Corporation, Huludao, Liaoning Province, 125001, PR China
| | - Chaohe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266580, PR China
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8
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Xie T, Bodenschatz CJ, Getman RB. Insights into the roles of water on the aqueous phase reforming of glycerol. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00267c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microkinetic modeling using energies from DFT and scaling relations to reveal roles of water in aqueous phase reforming of glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjun Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Clemson University
- USA
| | | | - Rachel B. Getman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Clemson University
- USA
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9
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García‐Muelas R, Rellán‐Piñeiro M, Li Q, López N. Developments in the Atomistic Modelling of Catalytic Processes for the Production of Platform Chemicals from Biomass. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo García‐Muelas
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQThe Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 Tarragona 43007 Spain
| | - Marcos Rellán‐Piñeiro
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQThe Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 Tarragona 43007 Spain
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQThe Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 Tarragona 43007 Spain
| | - Núria López
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, ICIQThe Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 Tarragona 43007 Spain
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10
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Kakekhani A, Roling LT, Kulkarni A, Latimer AA, Abroshan H, Schumann J, AlJama H, Siahrostami S, Ismail-Beigi S, Abild-Pedersen F, Nørskov JK. Nature of Lone-Pair–Surface Bonds and Their Scaling Relations. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7222-7238. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arvin Kakekhani
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Luke T. Roling
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ambarish Kulkarni
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Allegra A. Latimer
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hadi Abroshan
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Julia Schumann
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hassan AlJama
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Samira Siahrostami
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Sohrab Ismail-Beigi
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Frank Abild-Pedersen
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jens K. Nørskov
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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11
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Navigating Glycerol Conversion Roadmap and Heterogeneous Catalyst Selection Aided by Density Functional Theory: A Review. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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12
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Shan N, Zhou M, Hanchett MK, Chen J, Liu B. Practical principles of density functional theory for catalytic reaction simulations on metal surfaces – from theory to applications. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2017.1303687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Shan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Mingxia Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Mary K. Hanchett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Josephine Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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13
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Effects of structure and size of Ni nanocatalysts on hydrogen selectivity via water-gas-shift reaction—A first-principles-based kinetic study. Catal Today 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Lai Q, Zhang C, Holles JH. Mo@Pt overlayers as efficient catalysts for hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol and anisole. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy00565b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Silica alumina supported Mo@Pt overlayer catalysts were prepared via the directed deposition technique and evaluated for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol and anisole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Wyoming
- Laramie
- USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Wyoming
- Laramie
- USA
| | - Joseph H. Holles
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Wyoming
- Laramie
- USA
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15
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Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Jia L, Wang W, Gao X, Gu Y, Gao X, Han Y, Tan Y. Regulation of SBA-15, γ-Al2O3, ZSM-5 and MgO on Molybdenum oxide and Consequent Effect on DME Oxidation Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Qingde Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Lingyu Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Wenfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Xiaofeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Yingying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Xiujuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Yizhuo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
| | - Yisheng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion; Institute of Coal Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Taiyuan, Shanxi China
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16
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Greeley J. Theoretical Heterogeneous Catalysis: Scaling Relationships and Computational Catalyst Design. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2016; 7:605-35. [PMID: 27088666 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-080615-034413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Scaling relationships are theoretical constructs that relate the binding energies of a wide variety of catalytic intermediates across a range of catalyst surfaces. Such relationships are ultimately derived from bond order conservation principles that were first introduced several decades ago. Through the growing power of computational surface science and catalysis, these concepts and their applications have recently begun to have a major impact in studies of catalytic reactivity and heterogeneous catalyst design. In this review, the detailed theory behind scaling relationships is discussed, and the existence of these relationships for catalytic materials ranging from pure metal to oxide surfaces, for numerous classes of molecules, and for a variety of catalytic surface structures is described. The use of the relationships to understand and elucidate reactivity trends across wide classes of catalytic surfaces and, in some cases, to predict optimal catalysts for certain chemical reactions, is explored. Finally, the observation that, in spite of the tremendous power of scaling relationships, their very existence places limits on the maximum rates that may be obtained for the catalyst classes in question is discussed, and promising strategies are explored to overcome these limitations to usher in a new era of theory-driven catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Greeley
- School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907;
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17
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Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Jia L, Wang W, Tian SP, Wang P, Xiao H, Han Y, Tsubaki N, Tan Y. The effects of the Mo–Sn contact interface on the oxidation reaction of dimethyl ether to methyl formate at a low reaction temperature. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cy00460a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With increasing degrees of Mo–Sn interface contact, the molar ratio of methyl formate (MF) to methanol (MeOH) and formaldehyde (FA) was found to linearly increase simultaneously.
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