Pyrolysis of Metal–Organic Frameworks to Fe3O4@Fe5C2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis

Yolk-Shell Au NPs@Carbon Porous Nanoreactors Derived from ZIF-8: A High-Efficiency Catalyst for Three-Component Coupling Reaction

A yolk-shell Au NPs@carbon porous nanoreactor with an active gold (Au) core and a porous carbon shell has been fabricated and demonstrates excellent high activity and cyclic stability as a heterogeneous catalyst for the three-component coupling reaction of aldehyde, amine, and alkyne. Remarkably, the unique yolk-shell nanostructure can protect gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) from aggregation, allow for efficient mass transport, and benefit substrate enrichment, giving rise to enhanced activity, stability, and recyclability.

Synthesis and Characterization of MOF-Derived Structures: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Due to their facile tunability, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are employed as precursors and templates to construct advanced functional materials with unique and desired chemical, physical, mechanical, and morphological properties. By tuning MOF precursor composition and manipulating conversion processes, various MOF-derived materials commonly known as MOF derivatives can be constructed. The possibility of controlled and predictable properties makes MOF derivatives a preferred choice for numerous advanced technological applications. The innovative synthetic designs besides the plethora of interdisciplinary characterization approaches applicable to MOF derivatives provide the opportunity to perform a myriad of experiments to explore the performance and offer key insight to develop the next generation of advanced materials. Though there are many published works of literature describing various synthesis and characterization techniques of MOF derivatives, it is still not clear how the synthesis mechanism works and what are the best techniques to characterize these materials to probe their properties accurately. In this review, the recent development in synthesis techniques and mechanisms for a variety of MOF derivates such as MOF-derived metal oxides, porous carbon, composites/hybrids, and sulfides is summarized. Furthermore, the details of characterization techniques and fundamental working principles are summarized to probe the structural, mechanical, physiochemical, electrochemical, and electronic properties of MOF and MOF derivatives. The future trends and some remaining challenges in the synthesis and characterization of MOF derivatives are also discussed.

Fenton-mediated thermocatalytic conversion of CO2 to acetic acid by industrial waste-derived magnetite nanoparticles

Iron oxide dust, discarded as industrial waste, has been used here to fabricate magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs). We have proposed the thermo-catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) using Fe3O4-NPs in the presence of H2O2 to get acetic acid (AcOH) at near ambient conditions (100 °C, 10 bar) with a maximum yield of ∼0.4 M in a batch-reactor. The importance of H2O2 can be described as it facilitates the production of higher concentrations of OH˙ and H+/˙, which consequently supports the synthesis of AcOH.

Effect of Pyrolysis on iron-metal organic frameworks (MOFs) to Fe3C @ Fe5C2 for diesel production in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

The Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) is a significant catalytic chemical reaction that produces ultra-clean fuels or chemicals with added value from a syngas mixture of CO and H₂ obtained from biomass, coal, or natural gas. The presence of sulfur is not considered good for producing liquid fuels for(FTS). In this study, we reveal that the presence of sulfur in ferric sulfate Fe₂(SO₄)₃ MOF provides the high amount, 52.50% of light hydrocarbons in the carbon chain distribution. The calcined ferric nitrate Fe(NO₃)₃ MOF reveals the highest 93.27% diesel production. Calcination is regarded as an essential factor in enhancing liquid fuel production. Here, we probed the calcination effect of Metal Organic Framework (MOF) on downstream application syngas to liquid fuels. The XRD results of MOF. N and P. MOF.N shows the formation of the active phase of iron carbide (Fe₅C₂), considered the most active phase of FTS. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of iron sulfate MOF catalyst (P.MOF.S) reveals that the existence of sulfur creates pores inside the particles due to the reaction of free water molecules with the sulfur derivate. The surface functional groups of prepared MOFs and tested MOFS were analyzed by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The thermal stability of prepared MOFS was analyzed by Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface areas and structural properties of the catalysts were measured by N2-Physiosorption technique.

Single-Phase θ-Fe3C Derived from Prussian Blue and Its Catalytic Application in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Elucidation of the intrinsic catalytic principle of iron carbides remains a substantial challenge in iron-catalyzed Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS), due to possible interference from other Fe-containing species. Here, we propose a facile approach to synthesize single-phase θ-Fe3C via the pyrolysis of a molecularly defined Fe-C complex (Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3), thus affording close examination of its catalytic behavior during FTS. The crystal structure of prepared θ-Fe3C is unambiguously verified by combined XRD and MES measurement, demonstrating its single-phase nature. Strikingly, single-phase θ-Fe3C exhibited excellent selectivity to light olefins (77.8%) in the C2-C4 hydrocarbons with less than 10% CO2 formation in typical FTS conditions. This strategy further succeeds with promotion of Mn, evident for its wide-ranging compatibility for the promising industrial development of catalysts. This work offers a facile approach for oriented preparation of single-phase θ-Fe3C and provides an in-depth understanding of its intrinsic catalytic performance in FTS.

Fe Nanoparticle Size Control of the Fe-MOF-Derived Catalyst Using a Solvothermal Method: Effect on FTS Activity and Olefin Production

The design of a highly active Fe-supported catalyst with the optimum particle and pore size, dispersion, loading, and stability is essential for obtaining the desired product selectivity. This study employed a solvothermal method to prepare two Fe-MIL-88B metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived catalysts using triethylamine (TEA) or NaOH as deprotonation catalysts. The catalysts were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, N₂-physisorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, H₂ temperature-programed reduction, and thermogravimetric analysis and were evaluated for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis performance. It was evident that the catalyst preparation in the presence of TEA produces a higher MOF yield and smaller crystal size than those produced using NaOH. The pyrolysis of MOFs yielded catalysts with different Fe particle sizes of 6 and 35 nm for the preparation in the presence of TEA and NaOH, respectively. Also, both types of catalysts exhibited a high Fe loading (50%) and good stability after 100 h reaction time. The smaller particle size TEA catalyst showed higher activity and higher olefin yield, with 94% CO conversion and a higher olefin yield of 24% at a lower reaction temperature of 280 °C and 20 bar at H₂/CO = 1. Moreover, the smaller particle size TEA catalyst exhibited higher Fe time yield and CH₄ selectivity but with lower chain growth probability (α) and C₅₊ selectivity.

Porous organic-inorganic hybrid materials for catalysis, energy and environmental applications

Introduction of organic functionalities into the porous inorganic materials make the resulting hybrid porous framework not only more flexible and hydrophobic, but also provide additional scope for further functionalization, which...

Functionalized Carbon Materials in Syngas Conversion

Functionalized carbon materials are widely used in heterogeneous catalysis due to their unique properties such as adjustable surface properties, excellent thermal conductivity, high surface areas, tunable porosity, and moderate interactions with guest metals. The transformation of syngas into hydrocarbons (known as the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) or oxygenates is an exothermic reaction and is typically catalyzed by transition metals dispersed on functionalized supports. Various carbon materials have been employed in syngas conversions not only for improving the performance or decreasing the dosage of expensive active metals but also for building model catalysts for fundamental research. This article provides a critical review on recent advances in the utilization of carbon materials, in particular the recently developed functionalized nanocarbon materials, for syngas conversions to either hydrocarbons or oxygenates. The unique features of carbon materials in dispersing metal nanoparticles, heteroatom doping, surface modification, and building special nanoarchitectures are highlighted. The key factors that control the reaction course and the reaction mechanism are discussed to gain insights for the rational design of efficient carbon-supported catalysts for syngas conversions. The challenges and future opportunities in developing functionalized carbon materials for syngas conversions are briefly analyzed.

Highly Active Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Fe-BDC MOF-Derived Catalyst Prepared by Modified Solvothermal Method

Fe-MIL-88B was prepared by a method that utilizes ferric nitrate and terephthalic acid (TPA or H2BDC) as precursors. The catalyst was characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, BET, and TGA. The pyrolyzed MOF (Fe-MIL-88B/C) was then tested for FTS at 300 psi, 300/340°C and H2/CO=1 after reduction under flow of hydrogen at 400°C for 4 hours. GC product results show promising FTS performance and stability compared to previously reported Fe-MOF derived catalysts with CO conversion of 96.90% at 340°C for 40 hours and 97.45% at 300°C for 26 hours.

Biosugarcane-based carbon support for high-performance iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Exploiting new carbon supports with adjustable metal-support interaction and low price is of prime importance to realize the maximum active iron efficiency and industrial-scale application of Fe-based catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS). Herein, a simple, tunable, and scalable biochar support derived from the sugarcane bagasse was successfully prepared and was first used for FTS. The metal-support interaction was precisely controlled by functional groups of biosugarcane-based carbon material and different iron species sizes. All catalysts synthesized displayed high activities, and the iron-time-yield of Fe₄/C_bio even reached 1,198.9 μmol g_Fe⁻¹ s⁻¹. This performance was due to the unique structure and characteristics of the biosugarcane-based carbon support, which possessed abundant C−O, C=O (η¹(O) and η²(C, O)) functional groups, thus endowing the moderate metal-support interaction, high dispersion of active iron species, more active ε-Fe₂C phase, and, most importantly, a high proportion of Fe_xC/Fe_surf, facilitating the maximum iron efficiency and intrinsic activity of the catalyst.

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A kind of carbon support, derived from the sugarcane bagasse, is prepared

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This biochar catalyst reaches an excellent FTY value in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

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Functional groups and Fe species sizes regulate metal-support interactions

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Superior performance is due to abundant functional groups and ε-Fe₂C

Mechanistic Insights into Nanoparticle Formation from Bimetallic Metal-Organic Frameworks

Understanding and controlling nanomaterial structure, chemistry, and defects represents a synthetic and characterization challenge. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have recently been explored as unconventional precursors from which to prepare nanomaterials. Here we use in situ X-ray pair distribution function analysis to probe the mechanism through which MOFs transform into nanomaterials during pyrolysis. By comparing a series of bimetallic MOFs with trimeric node different compositions (Fe₃, Fe₂Co, and Fe₂Ni) linked by carboxylate ligands in a PCN-250 lattice, we demonstrate that the resulting nanoparticle structure, chemistry, and defect concentration depend on the node chemistry of the original MOF. These results suggest that the preorganized structure and chemistry of the MOF offer new potential control over the nanomaterial synthesis under mild reaction conditions. In the case of Fe₂Ni-PCN-250, selective extraction of one Ni ion from each node without collapsing the framework (i.e., node-ligand connectivity) leaves a metal-deficient MOF state that may provide a new route to post-synthetically tune the chemistry the MOF and subsequent nanomaterials.

Facile Fabrication of CeO2-Al2O3 Hollow Sphere with Atomically Dispersed Fe via Spray Pyrolysis

A facile spray pyrolysis method is introduced to construct the hollow CeO₂-Al₂O₃ spheres with atomically dispersed Fe. Only nitrates and ethanol were involved during the one-step preparation process using the ultrasound spray pyrolysis approach. Detailed explorations demonstrated that differences in the pyrolysis temperature of the precursors and heat transfer are crucial to the formation of the hollow nanostructure. In addition, iron species were in situ atomically dispersed on the as-formed CeO₂-Al₂O₃ hollow spheres via this strategy, which demonstrated promising potential in transferring syn-gas to valuable gasoline products.

Carbon-based catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an essential approach to convert coal, biomass, and shale gas into fuels and chemicals, such as lower olefins, gasoline, diesel, and so on. In recent years, there has been increasing motivation to deploy FTS at commercial scales which has been boosting the discovery of high performance catalysts. In particular, the importance of support in modulating the activity of metals has been recognized and carbonaceous materials have attracted attention as supports for FTS. In this review, we summarised the substantial progress in the preparation of carbon-based catalysts for FTS by applying activated carbon (AC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carbon spheres (CSs), and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) derived carbonaceous materials as supports. A general assessment of carbon-based catalysts for FTS, concerning the support and metal properties, activity and products selectivity, and their interactions is systematically discussed. Finally, current challenges and future trends in the development of carbon-based catalysts for commercial utilization in FTS are proposed.

Highly dispersed Co nanoparticles embedded in a carbon matrix as a robust and efficient Fischer–Tropsch synthesis catalyst under harsh conditions

Series of catalysts with Co nanoparticles embedded in matrix of porous carbon is directly synthesized via a unique melting approach. No obvious deactivation is observed at high operating temperature and high CO conversion levels.

The role of metal–organic porous frameworks in dual catalysis

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a valuable group of porous crystalline solids with inorganic and organic parts that can be used in dual catalysis.

Stabilization of ε-iron carbide as high-temperature catalyst under realistic Fischer-Tropsch synthesis conditions

The development of efficient catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis, a core reaction in the utilization of non-petroleum carbon resources to supply energy and chemicals, has attracted much recent attention. ε-Iron carbide (ε-Fe₂C) was proposed as the most active iron phase for FT synthesis, but this phase is generally unstable under realistic FT reaction conditions (> 523 K). Here, we succeed in stabilizing pure-phase ε-Fe₂C nanocrystals by confining them into graphene layers and obtain an iron-time yield of 1258 μmol_CO g_Fe⁻¹s⁻¹ under realistic FT synthesis conditions, one order of magnitude higher than that of the conventional carbon-supported Fe catalyst. The ε-Fe₂C@graphene catalyst is stable at least for 400 h under high-temperature conditions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the feasible formation of ε-Fe₂C by carburization of α-Fe precursor through interfacial interactions of ε-Fe₂C@graphene. This work provides a promising strategy to design highly active and stable Fe-based FT catalysts.

ε-Fe₂C has been identified as the highly active phase for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS), but is stable only at low-temperature. Here, the authors show that ε-Fe₂C phase can be stabilized even at ~ 573 K by being encapsulated inside graphene layers, and retains high activity in FTS.

Synthesis of a Magnetic 2D Co@NC-600 Material by Designing a MOF Precursor for Efficient Catalytic Reduction of Water Pollutants

2D metal-organic framework (MOFs) can be ideal sacrificial templates for fabricating nanomaterials because of active sites exposed on the surface rather than in pores and channels, often exhibiting improved performance in catalysis applications. In this study, the novel 2D layered cobalt-based MOF [Co(TPT)(fma)(H₂O)₂]·3H₂O (Co-MOF) has been constructed by the selection of high N atom content ligands. On this basis, a 2D nitrogen-doped carbon-coated cobalt nanoparticle composite (Co@NC) was prepared by using this MOF as a precursor. Magnetic Co@NC has excellent catalytic activity and recycling features regarding the reaction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) reducing to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) in the presence of NaBH₄ at ambient temperature. 2D Co@NC-600 can reach nearly 100% conversion within 120 s and its stability remains almost unchanged after five reaction cycles. Moreover, this Co@NC catalyst also is highly active for catalytic reduction of dyes such as Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methylene blue (MB).

Preparation, surface functionalization and application of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles

This paper reviews recent developments in the preparation, surface functionalization, and applications of Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles. Especially, it includes preparation methods (such as electrodeposition, polyol methods, etc.), organic materials (such as polymers, small molecules, surfactants, biomolecules, etc.) or inorganic materials (such as silica, metals, and metal oxidation/sulfide, functionalized coating of carbon surface, graphene, etc.) and its applications (such as magnetic separation, protein fixation, magnetic catalyst, environmental treatment, medical research, etc.). In the end, some existing challenges and possible future trends in the field were discussed.

Fe3O4@N-Doped Interconnected Hierarchical Porous Carbon and Its 3D Integrated Electrode for Oxygen Reduction in Acidic Media

The rational design of electrode structure with catalysts adequately utilized is of vital importance for future fuel cells. Herein, a novel 3D oriented wholly integrated electrode comprising core-shell Fe3O4@N-doped-C (Fe3O4@NC) nanoparticles embedded into N-doped ordered interconnected hierarchical porous carbon (denoted as Fe3O4@NC/NHPC) is developed for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The as-prepared catalyst possesses novel structure and efficient active sites. In rotating disk electrode measurements, the Fe3O4@NC/NHPC exhibits almost identical ORR electrocatalytic activity, superior durability, and much better methanol tolerance compared with the commercial Pt/C in acidic media. To the authors' knowledge, this is among the best non-precious-metal ORR catalysts reported so far. Importantly, the Fe3O4@NC/NHPC is successfully in situ assembled onto carbon paper by the electrophoresis method to obtain a well-designed 3D-ordered electrode. With improved mass transfer and maximized active sites for ORR, the 3D-oriented wholly integrated electrode shows superior performance to the one fabricated by the traditional method.

Rational Localization of Metal Nanoparticles in Yolk-Shell MOFs for Enhancing Catalytic Performance in Selective Hydrogenation of Cinnamaldehyde

The development of sustainable catalysts to simultaneously improve activity and selectivity remains a challenge. Herein, it is demonstrated that metal nanoparticles (MNPs) can be encapsulated into a yolk-shell metal-organic framework (MOF) with controllable spatial localization to optimize catalytic performance. When the MNPs are located in the void space between the shell and the core of the MOF, the resulting MNPs@MOF composites show both high catalytic activity and selectivity toward the hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes. In particular, the easily recoverable and stable Pt_void @MOF(Y) shows an exceptionally high selectivity of 98.2 % for cinnamyl alcohol at a high conversion of 97 %. The excellent performance can be attributed to easy diffusion of the reactants to access highly exposed MNPs in the MOF support, as well as the improved adsorption of the reactant and desorption of the product due to the appropriate metal-support interaction and rich void space between core and shell.

Facile Synthesis of Uniform Metal Carbide Nanoparticles from Metal-Organic Frameworks by Laser Metallurgy

We report the fast and efficient conversion of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to phase pure transition-metal carbide (TMC) nanoparticles with uniform size using laser as the energy source, consuming only 6 W power. Nanoparticles of HfC, ZrC, TiC, V₈C₇, α-MoC, Cr₃C₂, and FeC_x with homogeneous sizes (varied between 6 and 20 nm) were successfully produced, among which HfC and ZrC nanoparticles were obtained, for the first time, with sizes less than 10 nm and in the pure phase. This method was operated directly in air, in stark contrast to traditional furnace heating and laser spray methods, where a protective atmosphere is required. The use of MOFs allowed us to precisely tune the composition of TMC nanoparticles by dialing in the right type and desirable amounts of organic linkers. FeC_x nanoparticles doped with various percentages of nitrogen atoms were synthesized for the Fischer-Tropsch reaction without any pretreatment or activation. Extremely high iron time of yield (FTY) values were observed, 415 and 550 μmol g_Fe^-1 s^-1 (with addition of K), in a 40 h test without any decay in performance. A high olefin to paraffin ratio was achieved for C₂ to C₁₁ products, where the ratio for C₃ was higher than 10.

Strengthened Fenton degradation of phenol catalyzed by core/shell Fe-Pd@C nanocomposites derived from mechanochemically synthesized Fe-Metal organic frameworks

We have prepared core/shell structured hollow Fe-Pd@C nanomaterials derived from Fe-metal organic frameworks which were synthesized via cheap, fast and simple mechanochemical technique. The obtained Fe-Pd@C can steadily and continuously release Fe²⁺ from the galvanic corrosion of Fe⁰ anode to trigger H₂O₂ decomposition into hydroxyl radicals and cause fast (10 min) and efficient (mineralization rate 95%) degradation of phenol. The presence of low level of Pd NPs in Fe-Pd@C (mass ratio of the raw material: Fe/Pd = 100:1) facilitated fast Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ redox cycle and thus improved the catalytic performance and pH endurance of the Fe-Pd@C. After recycled four times, Fe-Pd@C remained high catalytic performance and released low level of iron ions (2.5 mg L^-1), which reduced the production of iron sludge after usage. In contrast to zero-valent iron (ZVI) and commercial physically mixed Fe/C materials, the core/shell structure of Fe-Pd@C ensured efficient electron transferring from Fe⁰ to carbon cathode and targets, and prevented the precipitation of iron ions on Fe⁰ surface, avoiding the deactivation of Fe⁰ and termination of Fe-C internal micro-electrolysis (IME) and extending their service life. The reactive species quenching experiments and ESR characterization proved the synergistic effect of electrons and hydroxyl free radicals on degradation of phenol. The carbon-centered DMPO radical detected in reaction solution can be regarded as a proof for the strengthened oxidation ability of the combined IME and Fenton reaction.

Preparation of Iron Carbides Formed by Iron Oxalate Carburization for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis

Different iron carbides were synthesized from the iron oxalate precursor by varying the CO carburization temperature between 320 and 450 °C. These iron carbides were applied to the high-temperature Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) without in situ activation treatment directly. The iron oxalate as a precursor was prepared using a solid-state reaction treatment at room temperature. Pure Fe5C2 was formed at a carburization temperature of 320 C, whereas pure Fe3C was formed at 450 °C. Interestingly, at intermediate carburization temperatures (350–375 °C), these two phases coexisted at the same time although in different proportions, and 360 °C was the transition temperature at which the iron carbide phase transformed from the Fe5C2 phase to the Fe3C phase. The results showed that CO conversions and products selectivity were affected by both the iron carbide phases and the surface carbon layer. CO conversion was higher (75–96%) when Fe5C2 was the dominant iron carbide. The selectivity to C5+ products was higher when Fe3C was alone, while the light olefins selectivity was higher when the two components (Fe5C2 and Fe3C phases) co-existed, but the quantity of Fe3C was small.

Tunable Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbons from Fe₃O(BDC)₃ for Chloramphenicol Antibiotic Remediation

Chloramphenicol (CAP) is commonly employed in veterinary clinics, but illegal and uncontrollable consumption can result in its potential contamination in environmental soil, and aquatic matrix, and thereby, regenerating microbial resistance, and antibiotic-resistant genes. Adsorption by efficient, and recyclable adsorbents such as mesoporous carbons (MPCs) is commonly regarded as a “green and sustainable” approach. Herein, the MPCs were facilely synthesized via the pyrolysis of the metal–organic framework Fe₃O(BDC)₃ with calcination temperatures (x °C) between 600 and 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. The characterization results pointed out mesoporous carbon matrix (MPC700) coating zero-valent iron particles with high surface area (~225 m²/g). Also, significant investigations including fabrication condition, CAP concentration, effect of pH, dosage, and ionic strength on the absorptive removal of CAP were systematically studied. The optimal conditions consisted of pH = 6, concentration 10 mg/L and dose 0.5 g/L for the highest chloramphenicol removal efficiency at nearly 100% after 4 h. Furthermore, the nonlinear kinetic and isotherm adsorption studies revealed the monolayer adsorption behavior of CAP onto MPC700 and Fe₃O(BDC)₃ materials via chemisorption, while the thermodynamic studies implied that the adsorption of CAP was a spontaneous process. Finally, adsorption mechanism including H-bonding, electrostatic attraction, π–π interaction, and metal–bridging interaction was proposed to elucidate how chloramphenicol molecules were adsorbed on the surface of materials. With excellent maximum adsorption capacity (96.3 mg/g), high stability, and good recyclability (4 cycles), the MPC700 nanocomposite could be utilized as a promising alternative for decontamination of chloramphenicol antibiotic from wastewater.

Iron-based nanoparticles embedded in a graphitic layer of carbon architectures as stable heterogeneous Friedel–Crafts acylation catalysts

Carbon supported iron nanoparticles were prepared by pyrolyzing Fe-MOF material of Fe-diamine-dicarboxylic acid, and showed excellent catalytic activity and stability for the Friedel–Crafts acylation of aromatic compounds with acyl chloride.