1
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Pocock E, Diefenbach M, Hood TM, Nunn M, Richards E, Krewald V, Webster RL. Synthetic and Mechanistic Studies into the Reductive Functionalization of Nitro Compounds Catalyzed by an Iron(salen) Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19839-19851. [PMID: 38995168 PMCID: PMC11273354 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
We report on the use of a simple, bench-stable [Fe(salen)2]-μ-oxo precatalyst in the reduction of nitro compounds. The reaction proceeds at room temperature across a range of substrates, including nitro aromatics and aliphatics. By changing the reducing agent from pinacol borane (HBpin) to phenyl silane (H3SiPh), we can chemoselectively reduce nitro compounds while retaining carbonyl functionality. Our mechanistic studies, which include kinetics, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), mass spectrometry, and quantum chemistry, indicate the presence of a nitroso intermediate and the generation of an on-cycle iron hydride as a key catalytic intermediate. Based on this mechanistic insight, we were able to extend the chemistry to hydroamination and identified a simple substrate feature (alkene lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy) that could be used to predict which alkenes would result in productive catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Pocock
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | | | - Thomas M. Hood
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.
| | - Michael Nunn
- Early
Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K.
| | - Emma Richards
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Vera Krewald
- Department
of Chemistry, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Ruth L. Webster
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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2
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Zhao H, Ravn AK, Haibach MC, Engle KM, Johansson Seechurn CCC. Diversification of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Processes: Taking the Plunge into the Non-PGM Catalyst Pool. ACS Catal 2024; 14:9708-9733. [PMID: 38988647 PMCID: PMC11232362 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c01809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent global events have led to the cost of platinum group metals (PGMs) reaching unprecedented heights. Many chemical companies are therefore starting to seriously consider and evaluate if and where they can substitute PGMs for non-PGMs in their catalytic processes. This review covers recent highly relevant applications of non-PGM catalysts in the modern pharmaceutical industry. By highlighting these selected successful examples of non-PGM-catalyzed processes from the literature, we hope to emphasize the enormous potential of non-PGM catalysis and inspire further development within this field to enable this technology to progress toward manufacturing processes. We also present some historical contexts and review the perceived advantages and challenges of implementing non-PGM catalysts in the pharmaceutical manufacturing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Sinocompound
Catalysts, Building C,
Bonded Area Technology Innovation Zone, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215634, China
| | - Anne K. Ravn
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael C. Haibach
- Process
Research and Development, AbbVie Inc., 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Keary M. Engle
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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3
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Li W, Lu X, Diamond JM, Shen C, Jiang B, Sun S, Moore JS, Sottos NR. Photo-modulated activation of organic bases enabling microencapsulation and on-demand reactivity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2771. [PMID: 38553489 PMCID: PMC10980803 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A method is developed for facile encapsulation of reactive organic bases with potential application for autonomous damage detection and self-healing polymers. Highly reactive chemicals such as bases and acids are challenging to encapsulate by traditional oil-water emulsion techniques due to unfavorable physical and chemical interactions. In this work, reactivity of the bases is temporarily masked with photo-removable protecting groups, and the resulting inactive payloads are encapsulated via an in situ emulsion-templated interfacial polymerization method. The encapsulated payloads are then activated to restore the organic bases via photo irradiation, either before or after being released from the core-shell carriers. The efficacy of the photo-activated capsules is demonstrated by a damage-triggered, pH-induced color change in polymeric coatings and by recovery of adhesive strength of a damaged interface. Given the wide range of potential photo-deprotection chemistries, this encapsulation scheme provides a simple but powerful method for storage and targeted delivery of a broad variety of reactive chemicals, promoting design of diverse autonomous functionalities in polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenle Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China.
| | - Xiaocun Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Jacob M Diamond
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Chengtian Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China
| | - Shi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Nancy R Sottos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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4
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Vu V, Powell JN, Ford RL, Patel PJ, Driver TG. The Development and Mechanistic Study of an Iron-Catalyzed Intramolecular Nitroso Ene Reaction of Nitroarenes. ACS Catal 2023; 13:15175-15181. [PMID: 38292415 PMCID: PMC10824534 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c04483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
An intramolecular iron-catalyzed nitroso ene reaction was developed to afford six- or seven-membered N-heterocycles from nitroarenes using an earth abundant iron catalyst and phenylsilane as the terminal reductant. The reaction can be triggered using as little as 3 mol % of iron(II) acetate and 3 mol % of 4,7-dimethoxyphenanthroline as the ligand. The scope of the reaction is broad tolerating a range of electron-releasing or electron-withdrawing substituents on the nitroarene, and the ortho-substituent can be modified to diastereoselectively construct benzoxazines, dihydrobenzothiazines, tetrahydroquinolines, tetrahydroquinoxalines, or tetrahydrobenzooxazepines. Mechanistic investigations indicated that the reaction proceeds via a nitrosoarene intermediate, and kinetic analysis of the reaction revealed a first-order rate dependence in catalyst-, nitroarene-, and silane concentration, and an inverse kinetic order in acetate was observed. The difference in rates between PhSiH3 and PhSiD3 was found to be 1.50 ± 0.09, and investigation of the temperature dependence of the reaction rate revealed that the activation parameters to be ΔH‡ = 13.5 kcal•mol-1 and ΔS‡ = -39.1 cal•mol-1•K-1. These data were interpreted to indicate that the turnover-limiting step to be hydride transfer from iron to the coordinated nitroarene, which occurs through an ordered transition state with little Fe-H bond breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Vu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Jair N. Powell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Russell L. Ford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Pooja J. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
| | - Tom G. Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60607-7061, USA
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5
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Fouad M, Ferretti F, Ragaini F. Formic Acid as Carbon Monoxide Source in the Palladium-Catalyzed N-Heterocyclization of o-Nitrostyrenes to Indoles. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5108-5117. [PMID: 36655880 PMCID: PMC10127278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The reductive cyclization reaction of o-nitrostyrenes to generate indoles has been investigated for three decades using CO as a cheap reducing agent, but it remains an interesting area of research and improvements. However, using toxic CO gas has several drawbacks. As a result, it is highly preferable to use safe and efficient surrogates for in situ generation of CO from nontoxic and affordable sources. Among several CO sources that have been previously explored for the generation of gaseous CO, here we report the use of cheap and readily available formic acid as an effective reductant for the reductive cyclization of o-nitrostyrenes. The reaction is air and water tolerant and provides the desired indoles in yields up to 99%, at a low catalyst loading (0.5 mol %) and without generating toxic or difficult to separate byproducts. A cheap glass thick-walled "pressure tube" can be used instead of less available autoclaves, even on a 2 g scale, thus widening the applicability of our protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar
Ahmed Fouad
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria
University, P.O. Box 426, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Francesco Ferretti
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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6
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Zou D, Wang W, Hu Y, Jia T. Nitroarenes and nitroalkenes as potential amino sources for the synthesis of N-heterocycles. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:2254-2271. [PMID: 36825326 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00064h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitro-compounds are one of the cheapest and most readily available materials in the chemical industry and are commonly utilized as versatile building blocks. Previously, the synthesis of N-heterocycles was largely based on anilines. The utilization of nitroarenes and nitroalkenes for the synthesis of N-heterocyclic compounds can save at least one step, however, as compared to anilines. Thus, considerable attention has been paid to nitroarenes and nitroalkenes as new potential amino sources. Significant progress has been made in the reductive cyclization of nitroarenes or nitroalkenes to access various N-heterocycles in recent years. Herein, we comprehensively summarize the recent progress in the construction of N-heterocycles using nitroarenes and nitroalkenes as potential amino sources. The compatibility of the reaction substrate, its mechanism, applications, advantages, and limitations in this field are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang, University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qiantang Campus, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
| | - Yaqin Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang, University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310016, China.
| | - Tingting Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China.
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7
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Peng M, Wang CS, Chen PP, Roisnel T, Doucet H, Houk KN, Soulé JF. Merging C-H Bond Activation, Alkyne Insertion, and Rearrangements by Rh(III)-Catalysis: Oxindole Synthesis from Nitroarenes and Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4508-4516. [PMID: 36802602 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
We report a Rh(III)-catalyzed ortho-C-H bond functionalization of nitroarenes with 1,2-diarylalkynes and carboxylic anhydrides. The reaction unpredictably affords 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles with the formal reduction of the nitro group under redox-neutral conditions. Besides good functional group tolerance, this transformation allows the preparation of oxindoles with a quaternary carbon stereocenter using nonsymmetrical 1,2-diarylalkynes. This protocol is facilitated by the use of a functionalized cyclopentadienyl (CpTMP*)Rh(III) [CpTMP* = 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopentadienyl] catalyst we developed, which combines an electron-rich character with an elliptical shape. Mechanistic investigations, including the isolation of three rhodacyle intermediates and extensive density functional theory calculations, indicate that the reaction proceeds through nitrosoarene intermediates via a cascade of C-H bond activation─O-atom transfer─[1,2]-aryl shift─deoxygenation─N-acylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Peng
- Univ Rennes, CNRS UMR6226, Rennes F-3500, France
| | | | - Pan-Pan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | | | - Henri Doucet
- Univ Rennes, CNRS UMR6226, Rennes F-3500, France
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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8
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Zhao B, Li X, Wang X, Jiang L, Li Z, Du Y. Synthesis of 3-Haloindoles via Cascade Oxidative Cyclization/Halogenation of 2-Alkenylanilines Mediated by PIDA and LiBr/KI. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1493-1503. [PMID: 36631394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of 2-alkenylanilines with phenyliodine(III) diacetate (PIDA) and LiBr or KI in HFIP was found to afford the corresponding 3-haloindoles via cascade oxidative cyclization/halogenation encompassing oxidative C-N/C-X (X = Br, I) bond formations. A plausible mechanism involving the in situ formation of the reactive AcO-X (X = Br, I) from the reaction of PIDA and LiBr/KI was postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyue Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaofan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Luchen Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yunfei Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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9
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Boyarskaya DV, Ongaro A, Piemontesi C, Wang Q, Zhu J. Synthesis of 3-Acyloxyindolenines by TiCl 3-Mediated Reductive Cyclization of 2-( ortho-Nitroaryl)-Substituted Enol Esters. Org Lett 2022; 24:7004-7008. [PMID: 36121329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of TiCl3, the reductive cyclization of tetrasubstituted enol esters bearing a 2-(ortho-nitroaryl) substituent affords 3-acyloxy-2,3-disubstituted indolenines in good yields. A domino process involving the partial reduction of nitro to a nitroso group followed by 5-center-6π-electrocyclization, 1,2-acyloxy migration, and the further reduction of the resulting nitrone intermediate accounts for the reaction outcome. The so-obtained indolenines are converted smoothly to 2,2-disubstituted oxindoles via a sequence of saponification and semipinacol rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina V Boyarskaya
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Ongaro
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Piemontesi
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products (LSPN), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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10
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Khanal HD, Perumal M, Lee YR. Annulation strategies for diverse heterocycles via the reductive transformation of 2-nitrostyrenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7675-7693. [PMID: 35971908 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01149b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reduction of the stable nitro group is a fundamental and widely used transformation for the construction of complex and functionalized heterocyclic architectures. The unfolding of the reactivity of the nitro group in the 2-nitrostyrene moiety not only triggers the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds, but also offers the opportunity for annulation and heteroannulation, thereby providing a cascade process for the synthesis of highly conjugated natural and unnatural molecules. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the use of 2-nitrostyrene motifs in the synthesis of various N-heterocycles. We offer readers an overview of the synthetic achievements achieved to date, highlighting their important features, reactivities, and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Datta Khanal
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Muthuraja Perumal
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Iron-catalyzed reductive cyclization of nitroarenes: Synthesis of aza-heterocycles and DFT calculations. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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He HD, Zhang ZK, Tang HB, Xu YQ, Xu XB, Cao ZY, Xu H, Li Y. Manganese-mediated reductive N, N-dialkylation of nitroarenes: a dramatic NiI 2 effect. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00928e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A dramatic NiI2 effect has been found for Mn-mediated reductive N,N-dialkylation of nitroaromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Dong He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhi-Kai Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hao-Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
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13
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Suárez-Pantiga S, Sanz R. Deoxygenation reactions in organic synthesis catalyzed by dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:10472-10492. [PMID: 34816863 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01939b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes have been applied as efficient, inexpensive and benign catalysts to deoxygenation reactions of a diverse number of compounds in the last two decades. Dioxomolybdenum complexes have demonstrated wide applicability to the deoxygenation of sulfoxides into sulfides and reduction of N-O bonds. Even the challenging nitro functional group was efficiently deoxygenated, affording amines or diverse heterocycles after reductive cyclization reactions. More recently, carbon-based substrates like epoxides, alcohols and ketones have been successfully deoxygenated. Also, dioxomolybdenum complexes accomplished deoxydehydration (DODH) reactions of biomass-derived vicinal 1,2-diols, affording valuable alkenes. The choice of the catalytic systems and reductant is decisive to achieve the desired transformation. Commonly found reducing agents involved phosphorous-based compounds, silanes, molecular hydrogen, or even glycols and other alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pza, Misael Bañuelos, s/n, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Área de Química Orgánica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Pza, Misael Bañuelos, s/n, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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14
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Guan X, Zhu H, Driver TG. Cu-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Nitroarenes with Aryl Boronic Acids to Construct Diarylamines. ACS Catal 2021; 11:12417-12422. [PMID: 35433104 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development and study of a simple copper-catalyzed reaction of nitroarenes with aryl boronic acids to form diarylamines that uses phenyl silane as the stoichiometric terminal reductant is described. This cross-coupling reaction requires as little as 2 mol % of CuX and 4 mol% of diphosphine for success and tolerates a broad range of functional groups on either the nitroarene or the aryl boronic acid with to afford the amine in good yield. Mechanistic investigations established that the cross-coupling reaction proceeds via a nitrosoarene intermediate and that copper is required to catalyze both the deoxygenation of the nitroarene to afford the nitrosoarene and C-NAr bond formation of the nitrosoarene with the aryl boronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Guan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
| | - Haoran Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
| | - Tom G. Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
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15
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Wang J, Xiao R, Zheng K, Qian L. Theoretical studies on iron-catalyzed azaindoline formation: mechanism and site-selectivity. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11370-11375. [PMID: 34382981 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02373j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism and site-selectivity for Fe-catalyzed azaindoline formation from 1,2,3,4-tetrazole were examined computationally. The H-atom abstraction/radical rebound stepwise mechanism is proposed. The aliphatic H-atom abstraction (HAA) vs. electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) steps are responsible for the sp3vs. sp2 C-H amination site-selectivity and a larger steric congestion disfavors sp2 EAS, thus resulting in Fe-catalyzed site-selectivity toward sp3 C-H amination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
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16
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Zhao Y, Zhu H, Sung S, Wink DJ, Zadrozny JM, Driver TG. Counterion Control of
t
‐BuO‐Mediated Single Electron Transfer to Nitrostilbenes to Construct
N
‐Hydroxyindoles or Oxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor St. MC 111 Chicago IL 60607 USA
- College of Chemical Engineering Huaqiao University, Xiamen 668 Jimei Boulevard Xiamen Fujian 361021 P. R. China
| | - Haoran Zhu
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor St. MC 111 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Siyoung Sung
- Department of Chemistry Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Donald J. Wink
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor St. MC 111 Chicago IL 60607 USA
| | - Joseph M. Zadrozny
- Department of Chemistry Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Tom G. Driver
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago 845 W Taylor St. MC 111 Chicago IL 60607 USA
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17
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Zhao Y, Zhu H, Sung S, Wink DJ, Zadrozny JM, Driver TG. Counterion Control of t-BuO-Mediated Single Electron Transfer to Nitrostilbenes to Construct N-Hydroxyindoles or Oxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19207-19213. [PMID: 34129257 PMCID: PMC8380450 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
tert-Butoxide unlocks new reactivity patterns embedded in nitroarenes. Exposure of nitrostilbenes to sodium tert-butoxide was found to produce N-hydroxyindoles at room temperature without an additive. Changing the counterion to potassium changed the reaction outcome to yield solely oxindoles through an unprecedented dioxygen-transfer reaction followed by a 1,2-phenyl migration. Mechanistic experiments established that these reactions proceed via radical intermediates and suggest that counterion coordination controls whether an oxindole or N-hydroxyindole product is formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor St. MC 111, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor St. MC 111, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Siyoung Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Donald J Wink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor St. MC 111, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
| | - Joseph M Zadrozny
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Tom G Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W Taylor St. MC 111, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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18
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19
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Wu J, Tongdee S, Ammaiyappan Y, Darcel C. A Concise Route to Cyclic Amines from Nitroarenes and Ketoacids under Iron‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wu
- UnivRennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Satawat Tongdee
- UnivRennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Yuvaraj Ammaiyappan
- UnivRennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226 F-35000 Rennes France
| | - Christophe Darcel
- UnivRennes CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226 F-35000 Rennes France
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20
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Kaur M, Mehta V, Abdullah Wani A, Arora S, Bharatam PV, Sharon A, Singh S, Kumar R. Synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles via intramolecular C(sp 2)-N bond formation involving nitrene insertion, DFT study and their anticancer assessment. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105114. [PMID: 34243073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a new synthetic route for a series of unreported 1,4-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indoles (6-8) via deoxygenation of o-nitrophenyl-substituted N-aryl pyrazoles and subsequent intramolecular (sp2)-N bond formation under microwave irradiation expedite modified Cadogan condition. This method allows access to NH-free as well as N-substituted fused indoles. DFT study and controlled experiments highlighted the role of nitrene insertion as one of the plausible reaction mechanisms. Furthermore, the target compounds exhibited cytotoxicity at low micromolar concentration against lung (A549), colon (HCT-116), and breast (MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7) cancer cell lines, induced the ROS generation and altered the mitochondrial membrane potential of highly aggressive MDA-MB-231 cells. Further investigations revealed that these compounds were selective Topo I (6h) or Topo II (7a, 7b) inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manpreet Kaur
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India
| | - Vikrant Mehta
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India
| | - Aabid Abdullah Wani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS. Nagar, India
| | - Sahil Arora
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), SAS. Nagar, India
| | - Ashoke Sharon
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India.
| | - Raj Kumar
- Laboratory for Drug Design and Synthesis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda-151401, Punjab, India.
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21
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Wang J, Xiao R, Zheng K, Qian L. Mechanistic and chemoselective insights on sp 3- and sp 2-C–H bond aminations: Fe- vs. Ir-based catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00682g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of Fe- and Ir-catalyzed sp3- and sp2-C–H bond aminations of a styryl substrate have been studied using the BPW91 method, with an emphasis on the origin of sp3-to-sp2-C–H amination chemoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juping Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Rongxing Xiao
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Kangcheng Zheng
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Li Qian
- School of Pharmacy
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities
- P. R. China
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22
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Rana S, Biswas JP, Paul S, Paik A, Maiti D. Organic synthesis with the most abundant transition metal–iron: from rust to multitasking catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:243-472. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00688b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The promising aspects of iron in synthetic chemistry are being explored for three-four decades as a green and eco-friendly alternative to late transition metals. This present review unveils these rich iron-chemistry towards different transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Rana
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | | | - Sabarni Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Aniruddha Paik
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Bengal
- Darjeeling
- India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry
- IIT Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI)
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23
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Wu J, Darcel C. Iron-Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer Reduction of Nitroarenes with Alcohols: Synthesis of Imines and Aza Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2020; 86:1023-1036. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wu
- UnivRennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Christophe Darcel
- UnivRennes, CNRS ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes), UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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24
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Gao Y, Yang S, Huo Y, Hu X. Recent Progress on Reductive Coupling of Nitroarenes by Using Organosilanes as Convenient Reductants. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science School of Chemistry and Materials Science South-Central University for Nationalities Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China
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25
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Intermediate formation enabled regioselective access to amide in the Pd-catalyzed reductive aminocarbonylation of olefin with nitroarene. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63561-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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27
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Song H, Yang Z, Tung CH, Wang W. Iron-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Nitroarenes with Olefins: Intermediate of Iron–Nitroso Complex. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b03604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Song
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoyi Yang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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28
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Ford RL, Alt I, Jana N, Driver TG. Intramolecular Pd-Catalyzed Reductive Amination of Enolizable sp 3-C-H Bonds. Org Lett 2019; 21:8827-8831. [PMID: 31613113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed reductive cyclization of nitroarenes has been designed to construct sp3-C-NHAr bonds from sp3-C-H bonds by using an enolizable nucleophile to intercept a nitrosoarene intermediate. Exposure of ortho-substituted nitroarenes to 5 mol % of Pd(OAc)2 and 10 mol % of phenanthroline under 2 atm of CO constructs partially saturated 5-, 6-, or 7-membered N-heterocycles using α-pyridyl carboxylates, malonates, 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, 1,3-diones, or difurans as the nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell L Ford
- Department of Chemistry , University at Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Isabel Alt
- Department of Chemistry , University at Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States.,Institut für Organische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , DE-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Navendu Jana
- Department of Chemistry , University at Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
| | - Tom G Driver
- Department of Chemistry , University at Illinois at Chicago , 845 West Taylor Street , Chicago , Illinois 60607 , United States
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29
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Do NT, Tran KM, Phan HT, To TA, Nguyen TT, Phan NTS. Functionalization of activated methylene C-H bonds with nitroarenes and sulfur for the synthesis of thioamides. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8987-8991. [PMID: 31584054 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01751h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We report a method to obtain arylthioamides by the functionalization of sp3 C-H bonds in phenylacetic acids and benzyl alcohols. Reactions proceeded without the use of any solvents and were compatible with many functionalities and heterocycles. These conditions allow for a rapid synthesis of thioamides from simple, commercial substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhan T Do
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Khoa M Tran
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Hao T Phan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Tuong A To
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Tung T Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Nam T S Phan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, 268 Ly Thuong Kiet, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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30
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Zhang K, El Bouakher A, Levaique H, Bignon J, Retailleau P, Alami M, Hamze A. Pyrrolo-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Scaffolds through a Sequential Coupling of N-Tosylhydrazones with Imidazopyridines and Reductive Cadogan Annulation, Synthetic Scope, and Application. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13807-13823. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kena Zhang
- BioCIS UMR 8076, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Abderrahman El Bouakher
- BioCIS UMR 8076, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Helene Levaique
- CIBI Platform, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, CNRS Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jerome Bignon
- CIBI Platform, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, CNRS Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR2301, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Avenue de la Terrasse, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mouad Alami
- BioCIS UMR 8076, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Abdallah Hamze
- BioCIS UMR 8076, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Laboratoire de Chimie Thérapeutique, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, F-92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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31
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Ferretti F, Ramadan DR, Ragaini F. Transition Metal Catalyzed Reductive Cyclization Reactions of Nitroarenes and Nitroalkenes. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ferretti
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Doaa R. Ramadan
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
| | - Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi 19 Milano 20133 Italy
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32
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Shaikh NS. Sustainable Amine Synthesis: Iron Catalyzed Reactions of Hydrosilanes with Imines, Amides, Nitroarenes and Nitriles. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadim S. Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry Eurofins Advinus Ltd., 21 & 22, Phase II, Peenya Industrial State Bengaluru 560058 India
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33
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Abstract
A ligand- and base-free silver-catalyzed reduction of quinolines and electron-deficient aromatic N-heteroarenes in water has been described. Mechanistic studies revealed that the effective reducing species was Ag-H. This versatile catalytic protocol provided facile, environmentally friendly, and practical access to a variety of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline derivatives at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science , Changchun University of Technology , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Baobiao Dong
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry , Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130024 , China
| | - Zikun Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry , Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130024 , China
| | - Xuefeng Cong
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry , Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130024 , China
| | - Xihe Bi
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry , Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130024 , China
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34
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Wei D, Netkaew C, Darcel C. Multi-Step Reactions Involving Iron-Catalysed Reduction and Hydrogen Borrowing Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wei
- Univ Rennes; CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226; 35000 Rennes France
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35
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Cheng X. Coupling and decarboxylation mechanism of oxaloacetic acid and ethylenediamine: A theoretical investigation. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTaishan University Tai'an Shandong China
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36
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Lu C, Su Z, Jing D, Jin S, Xie L, Li L, Zheng K. Intramolecular Reductive Cyclization of o-Nitroarenes via Biradical Recombination. Org Lett 2019; 21:1438-1443. [PMID: 30767542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-induced/thiourea-mediated intramolecular cyclization of o-nitroarenes under mild conditions is realized for the first time, which provides an efficient and environmentally friendly way to access pharmaceutical relevant quinazolinone derivatives. The reaction can be easily extended to gram level by using a continuous-flow setup with high efficiency. Mechanistic investigation including control experiments, transient fluorescence, UV-vis spectra, and DFT calculations suggests that the formation of active biradical intermediates via intramolecular single electron transfer (SET) is key stage in the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Zhishan Su
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Dong Jing
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Songyang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Liangrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
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37
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Dong Z, Zhang XW, Li W, Li ZM, Wang WY, Zhang Y, Liu W, Liu WB. Synthesis of N-Fused Polycyclic Indoles via Ligand-Free Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation/Acyl Migration Reaction. Org Lett 2019; 21:1082-1086. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b04128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Dong
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Weishuang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Zi-Meng Li
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Wen-Bo Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds & Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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38
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Plietker B, Röske A. Recent advances in Fe-catalyzed C–H aminations using azides as nitrene precursors. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00675c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intramolecular Fe-catalyzed amination of C–H bonds using azides as nitrene precursors represents an elegant approach toward N-heterocycles. This review summarizes the most recent achievements while focussing on fundamental mechanistic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Plietker
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- DE-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Annika Röske
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- DE-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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39
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Zhang S, Ibrahim JJ, Yang Y. A pincer ligand enabled ruthenium catalyzed highly selective N-monomethylation of nitroarenes with methanol as the C1 source. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00544g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward and highly selective N-monomethylation of nitroarenes with methanol as the C1 source was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- PR China
| | - Jessica Juweriah Ibrahim
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yong Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao 266101
- PR China
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40
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Rong Z, Gao K, Zhou L, Lin J, Qian G. Facile synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]furans and indoles by copper-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of 2-alkynyl phenols and tosylanilines. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17975-17978. [PMID: 35520559 PMCID: PMC9064688 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01260e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A catalytic amount of CuCl and Cs2CO3 was employed to synthesize a variety of 2-substituted benzo[b]furans and indoles by an intramolecular cyclization of 2-alkynyl phenols and tosylanilines. This protocol features mild conditions, high yields and broad substrate scope, which makes it a practical method for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]furans and indoles. A facile and inexpensive copper-catalyzed method was developed for the synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]furans and indoles.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouting Rong
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences
- Zhejiang Wanli University
- Ningbo 315100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Gao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences
- Zhejiang Wanli University
- Ningbo 315100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences
- Zhejiang Wanli University
- Ningbo 315100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyuan Lin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences
- Zhejiang Wanli University
- Ningbo 315100
- People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences
- Zhejiang Wanli University
- Ningbo 315100
- People's Republic of China
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41
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Li D, Ollevier T. Iron- or Zinc-Mediated Synthetic Approach to Enantiopure Dihydroquinoxalinones. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Li
- Département de chimie; Université Laval; 1045 avenue de la Médecine Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Thierry Ollevier
- Département de chimie; Université Laval; 1045 avenue de la Médecine Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Wei
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Loska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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44
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Yang L, Shi L, Xing Q, Huang KW, Xia C, Li F. Enabling CO Insertion into o-Nitrostyrenes beyond Reduction for Selective Access to Indolin-2-one and Dihydroquinolin-2-one Derivatives. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Qi Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kuo-Wei Huang
- KAUST Catalysis Center and Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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45
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Peng JB, Geng HQ, Li D, Qi X, Ying J, Wu XF. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Amides from Styrenes and Nitroarenes. Org Lett 2018; 20:4988-4993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Bao Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Qing Geng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Qi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People’s Republic of China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, Rostock 18059, Germany
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46
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Ha H, Shin C, Bae S, Joo JM. Divergent Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Nitropyrazoles with Terminal Alkynes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeri Ha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials; Pusan National University; 46241 Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Changhoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials; Pusan National University; 46241 Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Seri Bae
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials; Pusan National University; 46241 Busan Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Joo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials; Pusan National University; 46241 Busan Republic of Korea
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47
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Nykaza TV, Ramirez A, Harrison TS, Luzung MR, Radosevich AT. Biphilic Organophosphorus-Catalyzed Intramolecular C sp2-H Amination: Evidence for a Nitrenoid in Catalytic Cadogan Cyclizations. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3103-3113. [PMID: 29389114 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A small-ring phosphacycloalkane (1,2,2,3,4,4-hexamethylphosphetane, 3) catalyzes intramolecular C-N bond forming heterocyclization of o-nitrobiaryl and -styrenyl derivatives in the presence of a hydrosilane terminal reductant. The method provides scalable access to diverse carbazole and indole compounds under operationally trivial homogeneous organocatalytic conditions, as demonstrated by 17 examples conducted on 1 g scale. In situ NMR reaction monitoring studies support a mechanism involving catalytic PIII/PV═O cycling, where tricoordinate phosphorus compound 3 represents the catalytic resting state. For the catalytic conversion of o-nitrobiphenyl to carbazole, the kinetic reaction order was determined for phosphetane catalyst 3 (first order), substrate (first order), and phenylsilane (zeroth order). For differentially 5-substituted 2-nitrobiphenyls, the transformation is accelerated by electron-withdrawing substituents (Hammett factor ρ = +1.5), consistent with the accrual of negative charge on the nitro substrate in the rate-determining step. DFT modeling of the turnover-limiting deoxygenation event implicates a rate-determining (3 + 1) cheletropic addition between the phosphetane catalyst 3 and 2-nitrobiphenyl substrate to form an unobserved pentacoordinate spiro-bicyclic dioxazaphosphetane, which decomposes via (2 + 2) cycloreversion giving 1 equiv of phosphetane P-oxide 3·[O] and 2-nitrosobiphenyl. Experimental and computational investigations into the C-N bond forming event suggest the involvement of an oxazaphosphirane (2 + 1) adduct between 3 and 2-nitrosobiphenyl, which evolves through loss of phosphetane P-oxide 3·[O] to give the observed carbazole product via C-H insertion in a nitrene-like fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor V Nykaza
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Tyler S Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael R Luzung
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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48
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Renom-Carrasco M, Lefort L. Ligand libraries for high throughput screening of homogeneous catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:5038-5060. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review describes different approaches to construct ligand libraries towards high throughput screening of homogeneous metal catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Renom-Carrasco
- Institut de Chimie de Lyon
- Laboratory C2P2 UMR 5265-CNRS-Université de Lyon 1-CPE Lyon
- 69616 Villeurbanne
- France
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49
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Purkait S, Chakraborty P, Frontera A, Bauzá A, Zangrando E, Das D. Zinc(ii) complexes with uncommon aminal and hemiaminal ether derivatives: synthesis, structure, phosphatase activity and theoretical rationalization of ligand and complex formation. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj01853g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zinc(ii)-mediated and anion-controlled unusual Aminal and Hemiaminal Ether Derivative complex formations verified experimentally and rationalized by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma
- Spain
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma
- Spain
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Trieste
- 34127 Trieste
- Italy
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
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