1
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Cazier EA, Pham TN, Cossus L, Abla M, Ilc T, Lawrence P. Exploring industrial lignocellulosic waste: Sources, types, and potential as high-value molecules. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 188:11-38. [PMID: 39094219 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass has a promising role in a circular bioeconomy and may be used to produce valuable molecules for green chemistry. Lignocellulosic biomass, such as food waste, agricultural waste, wood, paper or cardboard, corresponded to 15.7% of all waste produced in Europe in 2020, and has a high potential as a secondary raw material for industrial processes. This review first presents industrial lignocellulosic waste sources, in terms of their composition, quantities and types of lignocellulosic residues. Secondly, the possible high added-value chemicals obtained from transformation of lignocellulosic waste are detailed, as well as their potential for applications in the food industry, biomedical, energy or chemistry sectors, including as sources of polyphenols, enzymes, bioplastic precursors or biofuels. In a third part, various available transformation treatments, such as physical treatments with ultrasound or heat, chemical treatments with acids or bases, and biological treatments with enzymes or microorganisms, are presented. The last part discusses the perspectives of the use of lignocellulosic waste and the fact that decreasing the cost of transformation is one of the major issues for improving the use of lignocellulosic biomass in a circular economy and green chemistry approach, since it is currently often more expensive than petroleum-based counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Cazier
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France; Nantes Université, Oniris, GEPEA, UMR 6144, F-44600 Saint-Nazaire, France(1).
| | - Thanh-Nhat Pham
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France
| | - Louis Cossus
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France
| | - Maher Abla
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
| | - Tina Ilc
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
| | - Philip Lawrence
- UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), ESTBB, Lyon, France; UCLy (Lyon Catholic University), UR CONFLUENCE : Sciences et Humanités (EA 1598), Lyon, France.
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2
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Martín A, Arribas-Yuste E, Paniagua M, Morales G, Melero JA. Efficient Self-Condensation of Cyclohexanone into Biojet Fuel Precursors over Sulfonic Acid-Modified Silicas: Insights on the Effect of Pore Size and Structure. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2024; 12:10175-10185. [PMID: 38994543 PMCID: PMC11234364 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c01956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica materials with different pore structures and sizes have been used for supporting aryl sulfonic acid catalytic sites via a postsynthetic grafting approach. The synthesized materials have been evaluated in the solventless acid-catalyzed self-condensation of cyclohexanone (CHO) to obtain the corresponding C12 adducts. These compounds display great potential as oxygenated fuel precursors as they can be transformed into jet fuel range alkanes in a subsequent hydrodeoxygenation process. In this work, the synthesized catalysts have displayed high selectivity values toward monocondensed compounds (>95%), thus limiting the formation of undesired heavier condensation products, together with CHO conversion values in the range 20-40% after 2 h of reaction at 100 °C. The structural and textural properties of the supports play an important role in the catalytic performance. Moreover, the activity per acid center is correlated with the textural properties of the supports, indicating that a lower surface density of the anchored aryl sulfonic groups affords an improvement in their specific activity. Finally, the benefit of using supports with large pore sizes and open structures, which limit the fouling of the catalysts by organic deposits, is demonstrated in a stability and reusability test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Martín
- Chemical
and Environmental Engineering Group. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. c/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Esther Arribas-Yuste
- Chemical
and Environmental Engineering Group. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. c/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Marta Paniagua
- Chemical
and Environmental Engineering Group. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. c/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Gabriel Morales
- Chemical
and Environmental Engineering Group. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. c/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Instituto
de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad (ITPS). ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. c/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
| | - Juan A. Melero
- Chemical
and Environmental Engineering Group. ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. c/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
- Instituto
de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad (ITPS). ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. c/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Spain
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3
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Palumbo CT, Gu NX, Bleem AC, Sullivan KP, Katahira R, Stanley LM, Kenny JK, Ingraham MA, Ramirez KJ, Haugen SJ, Amendola CR, Stahl SS, Beckham GT. Catalytic carbon-carbon bond cleavage in lignin via manganese-zirconium-mediated autoxidation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:862. [PMID: 38286984 PMCID: PMC10825196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Efforts to produce aromatic monomers through catalytic lignin depolymerization have historically focused on aryl-ether bond cleavage. A large fraction of aromatic monomers in lignin, however, are linked by various carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds that are more challenging to cleave and limit the yields of aromatic monomers from lignin depolymerization. Here, we report a catalytic autoxidation method to cleave C-C bonds in lignin-derived dimers and oligomers from pine and poplar. The method uses manganese and zirconium salts as catalysts in acetic acid and produces aromatic carboxylic acids as primary products. The mixtures of the oxygenated monomers are efficiently converted to cis,cis-muconic acid in an engineered strain of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 that conducts aromatic O-demethylation reactions at the 4-position. This work demonstrates that autoxidation of lignin with Mn and Zr offers a catalytic strategy to increase the yield of valuable aromatic monomers from lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad T Palumbo
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Nina X Gu
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Alissa C Bleem
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Kevin P Sullivan
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Rui Katahira
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Lisa M Stanley
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Jacob K Kenny
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, 80303, CO, USA
| | - Morgan A Ingraham
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Kelsey J Ramirez
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Stefan J Haugen
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Caroline R Amendola
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Shannon S Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Gregg T Beckham
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
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4
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Kang Y, Lu X, Xu J, Zhou Q, Zhang G, Xin J, Yan D, Sayed IEITEI. The ionic liquids upon perchlorate to promote the C-C/C-O bonds cleavage in alkali lignin under photothermal synergism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128125. [PMID: 37984571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Transforming lignin into aromatic monomers is critically attractive to develop green and sustainable energy supplies. However, the usage of the additional catalysts like metal or base/acid is commonly limited by the caused repolymerized and environmental issues. The key step is to mediate electron transfer in lignin to trigger lignin C-C/C-O bonds cleavage without the catalysts mentioned above. Here, we report that the ionic liquids [BMim][ClO4] was found to trigger lignin electron transfer to cleave the C-C/C-O bonds for aromatic monomers without any additional catalyst. The proton transfer from [BMim]+ to [ClO4]- could polarize the anion and decrease its structure stability, upon which the active hydroxyl radical generated and induced lignin C-C/C-O bonds fragmentation via free radical-mediated routes with the assistance of photothermal synergism. About 4.4 wt% yields of aromatic monomers, mainly composed of vanillin and acetosyringone, are afforded in [BMim][ClO4] under UV-light irradiation in the air at 80 °C. This work opens the way to produce value-added aromatic monomers from lignin using an eco-friendly, energy-efficient, and simple route that may contribute to the sustainable utilization of renewable natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xingmei Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Junli Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guangjin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jiayu Xin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dongxia Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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5
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Zhang B, Meng Q, Liu H, Han B. Catalytic Conversion of Lignin into Valuable Chemicals: Full Utilization of Aromatic Nuclei and Side Chains. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3558-3571. [PMID: 38029298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusIn recent years, significant efforts have been directed toward achieving efficient and mild lignocellulosic biomass conversion into valuable chemicals and fuels, aiming to address energy and environmental concerns and realize the goal of carbon neutrality. Lignin is one of the three primary building blocks of lignocellulose and the only aromatic renewable feedstock. However, the complex and diverse nature of lignin feedstocks, characterized by their three-dimensional, highly branched polymeric structure and intricate C-O/C-C chemical bonds, results in substantial challenges. To tackle these challenges, we carried out extensive research on selectively activating and transforming chemical bonds in lignin for chemical synthesis. In this Account, we discuss our recent progress in catalytic lignin conversion.Our work is focused on two main objectives: (i) achieving precise and selective transformation of C-O/C-C bonds in lignin (and its model compounds) and (ii) fully utilizing the aromatic nuclei and side chains present in lignin to produce valuable chemicals. Lignin consists of interconnected phenylpropanoid subunits linked by interlaced C-C/C-O bonds. To unlock the full potential of lignin, we propose the concept of "the full utilization of lignin", which encompasses both the aromatic nuclei and the side chains (e.g., methoxyl and polyhydroxypropyl groups).For the conversion of aromatic nuclei, selective activation of C-O and/or C-C bonds is crucial in synthesizing targeted aromatic products. We begin with model compounds (such as anisole, phenol, guaiacol, etc.) and then transition to protolignin feedstocks. Various reaction routes are developed, including self-supported hydrogenolysis, direct Caryl-Csp3 cleavage, coupled Caryl-Csp3 cleavage and Caryl-O hydrogenolysis, and tandem selective hydrogenation and hydrolysis processes. These tailored pathways enable high-yield and sustainable production of a wide range of aromatic (and derived) products, including arenes (benzene, toluene, alkylbenzenes), phenols, ketones, and acids.In terms of side chain utilization, we have developed innovative strategies such as selective methyl transfer, coupling depolymerization-methyl shift, selective acetyl utilization, and new activation methods such as amine-assisted prefunctionalization. These strategies enable the direct synthesis of methyl-/alkyl-derived products, such as acetic acid, 4-ethyltoluene, dimethylethylamine, and amides. Additionally, aromatic residues can be transformed into chemicals or functionalized ingredients that can serve as catalysts or functional biopolymer materials. These findings highlight promising opportunities for harnessing both the aromatic nuclei and side chains of lignin in a creative manner, thereby improving the overall atom economy of lignin upgrading.Through innovative catalyst engineering and reaction route strategies, our work achieves the sustainable and efficient production of various valuable chemicals from lignin. By integrating side chains and aromatic rings, we have successfully synthesized methyl-/alkyl-derived and aromatic-derived products with high yields. The full utilization of lignin not only minimizes waste but also opens up new possibilities for generating chemical products from lignin. These novel approaches unlock the untapped potential of lignin, expand the boundaries of lignin upgrading, and enhance the efficiency and economic viability of lignin biorefining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qinglei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, Center for Carbon Neutral Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Cao YD, Mu WX, Gong M, Fan LL, Han J, Liu H, Qi B, Gao GG. Enhanced catalysis of a vanadium-substituted Keggin-type polyoxomolybdate supported on the M 3O 4/C (M = Fe or Co) surface enables efficient and recyclable oxidation of HMF to DFF. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16303-16314. [PMID: 37855372 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02935b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
In the reaction of oxidizing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), attaining high efficiency and selectivity in the conversion of HMF into DFF presents a challenge due to the possibility of forming multiple products. Polyoxometalates are considered highly active catalysts for HMF oxidation. However, the over-oxidation of products poses a challenge, leading to decreased purity and yield. In this work, metal-organic framework-derived Fe3O4/C and Co3O4/C were designed as carriers for the vanadium-substituted Keggin-type polyoxomolybdate H5PMo10V2O40·35H2O (PMo10V2). In this complex system, spinel oxides can effectively adsorb HMF molecules and cooperate with PMo10V2 to catalyze the aerobic oxidation of HMF. As a result, the as-prepared PMo10V2@Fe3O4/C and PMo10V2@Co3O4/C catalysts can achieve efficient conversion of HMF into DFF with almost 100% selectivity. Among them, PMo10V2@Fe3O4/C exhibits a higher conversion rate (99.1%) under milder reaction conditions (oxygen pressure of 0.8 MPa). Both catalysts exhibited exceptional stability and retained their activity and selectivity even after undergoing multiple cycles. Studies on mechanisms by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the V5+ and Mo6+ in PMo10V2, together with the metal ions in the spinel oxides, act as active centers for the catalytic conversion of HMF. Therefore, it is proposed that PMo10V2 and M3O4/C (M = Fe, Co) cooperatively catalyze the transformation of HMF into DFF via a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism. This study offers an innovative approach for designing highly selective and recyclable biomass oxidation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Dong Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Xia Mu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Mengdi Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Lin-Lin Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Han
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Guang-Gang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
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7
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Xu X, Dai S, Xu S, Zhu Q, Li Y. Efficient Photocatalytic Cleavage of Lignin Models by a Soluble Perylene Diimide/Carbon Nitride S-Scheme Heterojunction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309066. [PMID: 37675642 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PDI) is one of the best n-type organic semiconductors and an ideal light-driven catalyst for lignin depolymerization. However, the charge localization effect and the excessively strong intermolecular aggregation trend in PDI result in rapid electron-hole (e- -h+ ) recombination, which limits photocatalytic performance. Herein, polymeric carbon nitride/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane PDI (p-CN/P-PDI) S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was prepared by the solvent evaporation-deposition method for C-C bond selective cleavage of lignin β-O-4 model. Based on the material characterization results, the synergic role of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and S-scheme heterojunction maintains appropriate aggregation domains, achieves better solar light utilization, faster charge-transfer efficiency, and greater redox capacity. Notably, the 3 % p-CN/P-PDI heterostructure exhibits a remarkable enhancement in cleavage conversion efficiency, achieving approximately 16.42 and 2.57 times higher conversion rates compared to polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane modified PDI (POSS-PDI) and polymeric carbon nitride (p-CN), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, P. R. China
| | - Shuqi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Ministry of Education, School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, P. R. China
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8
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Levin N, Goclik L, Walschus H, Antil N, Bordet A, Leitner W. Decarboxylation and Tandem Reduction/Decarboxylation Pathways to Substituted Phenols from Aromatic Carboxylic Acids Using Bimetallic Nanoparticles on Supported Ionic Liquid Phases as Multifunctional Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22845-22854. [PMID: 37815193 PMCID: PMC10591467 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Valuable substituted phenols are accessible via the selective decarboxylation of hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives using multifunctional catalysts composed of bimetallic iron-ruthenium nanoparticles immobilized on an amine-functionalized supported ionic liquid phase (Fe25Ru75@SILP+IL-NEt2). The individual components of the catalytic system are assembled using a molecular approach to bring metal and amine sites into close contact on the support material, providing high stability and high decarboxylation activity. Operating under a hydrogen atmosphere was found to be essential to achieve high selectivity and yields. As the catalyst materials enable also the selective hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation of various additional functional groups (i.e., formyl, acyl, and nitro substituents), direct access to the corresponding phenols can be achieved via integrated tandem reactions. The approach opens versatile synthetic pathways for the production of valuable phenols from a wide range of readily available substrates, including compounds derived from lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Levin
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lisa Goclik
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Henrik Walschus
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Neha Antil
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexis Bordet
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Walter Leitner
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Institut
für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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9
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Du X, Liu Y, Li H, Liu S, Shen X. Selective synthesis of meta-phenols from bio-benzoic acids via regulating the adsorption state. iScience 2023; 26:107460. [PMID: 37593461 PMCID: PMC10428116 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenols are important building blocks widely applied in many fields. The pronounced orientational effect of the phenolic hydroxyl group makes achieving selective synthesis of meta-phenols challenging. Accessing meta-phenols needs lengthy synthetic sequences. Herein, we first developed a heterogeneous CO2-mediated CeO2-5CuO catalyst for decarboxylative oxidation of benzoic acids with a more than 80% selectivity to meta-phenols. This technology is based on a traceless directing group relay method. The CeO2-CuO catalysts with different Ce/Cu ratios exhibited controllable reaction selectivity between decarboxylation and decarboxylative oxidation. Spectroscopy experiments and computational studies showed the adsorption state of benzoic acid was found to be crucial for subsequent reaction pathways. The moderate adsorption on CO2-mediated CeO2-5CuO catalyst contributes to the distinct selectivity of phenol. Furthermore, the paddlewheel intermediate facilitates the synthesis of meta-phenols from benzoic acids. This traceless directing group method would promote the development of useful one-pot meta-substituted phenols from bio-based benzoic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Huixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shenglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaojun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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10
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Ji N, Alemayehu A, Li H, Ri P, Diao X. Enhanced demethylation of aromatic ether to phenol over NiAl hydrotalcite-derived nickel sulfide catalyst. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2023.113016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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11
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Luo J, Gong G, Cui C, Sun S, Lin J, Ma R, Sun J. Microwave-Induced One-Pot Preparation of Bifunctional N-Fe/BC Catalysts and Oriented Production of Phenol-Enriched Bio-Oil from Biomass Pyrolysis: Catalyst Synthesis, Performance Evaluation, and Mechanism Insight via Theoretical Calculations. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luo
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guojin Gong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongwei Cui
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shichang Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junhao Lin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaman Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Abstract
Originating from the desire to improve sustainability, producing fuels and chemicals from the conversion of biomass and waste plastic has become an important research topic in the twenty-first century. Although biomass is natural and plastic synthetic, the chemical nature of the two are not as distinct as they first appear. They share substantial structural similarities in terms of their polymeric nature and the types of bonds linking their monomeric units, resulting in close relationships between the two materials and their conversions. Previously, their transformations were mostly studied and reviewed separately in the literature. Here, we summarize the catalytic conversion of biomass and waste plastics, with a focus on bond activation chemistry and catalyst design. By tracking the historical and more recent developments, it becomes clear that biomass and plastic have not only evolved their unique conversion pathways but have also started to cross paths with each other, with each influencing the landscape of the other. As a result, this Review on the catalytic conversion of biomass and waste plastic in a unified angle offers improved insights into existing technologies, and more importantly, may enable new opportunities for future advances. ![]()
Biomass and plastic share structural similarities in their composition and types of bond linkage between their monomeric units. Reviewing their catalytic conversion technologies in a unified angle provides new insights and opportunities for future advances.
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13
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Zhang J, Ge Y, Li Z. Synchronous catalytic depolymerization of alkaline lignin to monophenols with in situ-converted hierarchical zeolite for bio-polyurethane production. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 215:477-488. [PMID: 35752335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic depolymerization of lignin to high-value chemicals is crucial to the comprehensive achievement of sustainable and economic concerns. Herein, we propose a green, practical, and economic strategy for the synchronous catalytic depolymerization of lignin based on in situ conversion of geopolymer precursor to hierarchical zeolite, using water as a mild solvent and without external H2, additives, co-catalysts or co-solvents. The in situ-converted hierarchical analcime (ANA) zeolite outperformed previously reported representative catalysts, such as PTA/MCM-41 and CuAlMgOx in lignin depolymerization with a high monophenol yield (95.61 ± 7.89 mg/g). The synergetic effect of the micro-mesoporous structure and enhanced acidic sites of the ANA played a vital role in regulating the monomer composition and the yield of monophenols. The obtained monophenols are rich in -OH groups and can be utilized as a substitute for petroleum resources, such as ethylene glycol or glycerin for the synthesis of bio-polyurethane foams (bio-PUFs). This work expands the scope of using biomass in a sustainable manner to make high-value chemicals and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiubing Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxuedong Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ge
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxuedong Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Zhili Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxuedong Road, Nanning 530004, China.
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14
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Wang Y, Xu P, Li Y, Wu Y, Liao S, Huang X, Zhang X, Yuan J. Ionic melting salt imidazole hydrochloride mediated the decarboxylation of (hetero)aromatic carboxylic acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Wu Y, Huang Z, Lv K, Rao Y, Chen Z, Zhang J, Long J. Producing Methyl p-Coumarate from Herbaceous Lignin via a "Clip-Off" Strategy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5624-5633. [PMID: 35473308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the most abundant renewable aromatic resource on Earth, lignin is a preferred starting material for producing bulk chemicals via a sustainable route. In this study, we provide a novel and efficient "clip-off" approach for producing methyl p-coumarate, an important and versatile fine chemical by selective cleavage of the ester linkage in herbaceous lignin in the presence of commercial metal chlorides. When bagasse lignin was depolymerized at 155 °C for 4 h, a 12.7% yield of aromatic chemicals was obtained in the presence of CuCl2, 71.7% of which was identified as methyl p-coumarate (the yield was 9.1%). Further investigation of the structural evolution of lignin revealed that the ester linkages in lignin were efficiently broken via intensive transesterification with methanol accompanied by the simultaneous weakening of the inter-/intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, this observation of selective cleavage of ester linkages could be further confirmed by the conversion of model compounds with characteristic bonds under identical reaction conditions. Therefore, this work provides a new insight into the production of value-added chemicals from renewable resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhechao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Kaiqi Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yinan Rao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhengjian Chen
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519003, China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhuhai 519003, China
| | - Jinxing Long
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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16
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Ishimaru H, Yoshikawa T, Nakasaka Y, Fumoto E, Sato S, Masuda T. Synthesis of phenol from degraded lignin using synergistic effect of iron-oxide based catalysts: Oxidative cracking ability and acid-base properties. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Xin Y, Shen X, Dong M, Cheng X, Liu S, Yang J, Wang Z, Liu H, Han B. Organic amine mediated cleavage of C aromatic-C α bonds in lignin and its platform molecules. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15110-15115. [PMID: 34909152 PMCID: PMC8612377 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05231d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation and cleavage of C–C bonds remains a critical scientific issue in many organic reactions and is an unmet challenge due to their intrinsic inertness and ubiquity. Meanwhile, it is crucial for the valorization of lignin into high-value chemicals. Here, we proposed a novel strategy to enhance the Caromatic–Cα bond cleavage by pre-functionalization with amine sources, in which an active amine intermediate is first formed through Markovnikov hydroamination to reduce the dissociation energy of the Caromatic–Cα bond which is then cleaved to form target chemicals. More importantly, this strategy provides a method to achieve the maximum utilization of the aromatic nucleus and side chains in lignin or its platform molecules. Phenols and N,N-dimethylethylamine compounds with high yields were produced from herbaceous lignin or the p-coumaric acid monomer in the presence of industrially available dimethylamine (DMA). Pre-functionalization with amine sources mediated the cleavage of Caromatic–Cα bonds to produce two valuable chemicals with high yields, for the full utilization of the aromatic rings and side-chains in lignin and its platform molecules.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaojun Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,State Key Laboratory of Catalysis (SKLC), Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy (DNL) Dalian China
| | - Minghua Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xiaomeng Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shulin Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Junjuan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhenpeng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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18
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Zuleta EC, Bozell JJ. Alkylation of monomeric, dimeric, and polymeric lignin models through carbon-hydrogen activation using Ru-catalyzed Murai reaction. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Benzene is a widely used commodity chemical, which is currently produced from fossil resources. Lignin, a waste from lignocellulosic biomass industry, is the most abundant renewable source of benzene ring in nature. Efficient production of benzene from lignin, which requires total transformation of Csp2-Csp3/Csp2-O into C-H bonds without side hydrogenation, is of great importance, but has not been realized. Here, we report that high-silica HY zeolite supported RuW alloy catalyst enables in situ refining of lignin, exclusively to benzene via coupling Bronsted acid catalyzed transformation of the Csp2-Csp3 bonds on the local structure of lignin molecule and RuW catalyzed hydrogenolysis of the Csp2-O bonds using the locally abstracted hydrogen from lignin molecule, affording a benzene yield of 18.8% on lignin weight basis in water system. The reaction mechanism is elucidated in detail by combination of control experiments and density functional theory calculations. The high-performance protocol can be readily scaled up to produce 8.5 g of benzene product from 50.0 g lignin without any saturation byproducts. This work opens the way to produce benzene using lignin as the feedstock efficiently. Efficient production of benzene from lignin is attractive and of great importance, but has not been realized. Here, the authors develop a strategy to transform lignin into benzene over a RuW/zeolite catalyst in water, and the yield of benzene can be as high as 18.8% on lignin weight basis.
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20
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Dou Z, Zhang Z, Zhou H, Wang M. Photocatalytic Upgrading of Lignin Oil to Diesel Precursors and Hydrogen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Dou
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 Liaoning China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 Liaoning China
| | - Hongru Zhou
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 Liaoning China
| | - Min Wang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 Liaoning China
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21
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Dou Z, Zhang Z, Zhou H, Wang M. Photocatalytic Upgrading of Lignin Oil to Diesel Precursors and Hydrogen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16399-16403. [PMID: 33961338 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Producing renewable biofuels from biomass is a promising way to meet future energy demand. Here, we demonstrated a lignin to diesel route via dimerization of the lignin oil followed by hydrodeoxygenation. The lignin oil undergoes C-C bond dehydrogenative coupling over Au/CdS photocatalyst under visible light irradiation, co-generating diesel precursors and hydrogen. The Au nanoparticles loaded on CdS can effectively restrain the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, thus improving the efficiency of the dimerization reaction. About 2.4 mmol gcatal -1 h-1 dimers and 1.6 mmol gcatal -1 h-1 H2 were generated over Au/CdS, which is about 12 and 6.5 times over CdS, respectively. The diesel precursors are finally converted into C16-C18 cycloalkanes or aromatics via hydrodeoxygenation reaction using Pd/C or porous CoMoS catalyst, respectively. The conversion of pine sawdust to diesel was performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the lignin-to-diesel route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Dou
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongru Zhou
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Min Wang
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
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22
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Yang W, Wang X, Ni S, Liu X, Liu R, Hu C, Dai H. Effective extraction of aromatic monomers from lignin oil using a binary petroleum ether/dichloromethane solvent. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Yu Z, Yao K, Wang Y, Yao Y, Sun Z, Liu Y, Shi C, Wang W, Wang A. Kinetic investigation of phenol hydrodeoxygenation over unsupported nickel phosphides. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Sivagurunathan P, Raj T, Mohanta CS, Semwal S, Satlewal A, Gupta RP, Puri SK, Ramakumar SSV, Kumar R. 2G waste lignin to fuel and high value-added chemicals: Approaches, challenges and future outlook for sustainable development. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:129326. [PMID: 33360003 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is produced as a byproduct in cellulosic biorefinery as well in pulp and paper industries and has the potential for the synthesis of a variety of phenolics chemicals, biodegradable polymers, and high value-added chemicals surrogate to conventional petro-based fuels. Therefore, in this critical review, we emphasize the possible scenario for lignin isolation, transformation into value addition chemicals/materials for the economic viability of current biorefineries. Additionally, this review covers the chemical structure of lignocellulosic biomass/lignin, worldwide availability of lignin and describe various thermochemical (homogeneous/heterogeneous base/acid-catalyzed depolymerization, oxidative, hydrogenolysis etc.) and biotechnological developments for the production of bio-based low molecular weight phenolics, i.e. polyhydroxyalkanoates, vanillin, adipic acid, lipids etc. Besides, some functional chemicals applications, lignin-formaldehyde ion exchange resin, electrochemical and production of few targeted chemicals are also elaborated. Finally, we examine the challenges, opportunities and prospects way forward related to lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sivagurunathan
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - Tirath Raj
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Mohanta
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - Surbhi Semwal
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - Alok Satlewal
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - Ravi P Gupta
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - Suresh K Puri
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - S S V Ramakumar
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar
- DBT- IOC Advanced Bio Energy Research Center, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Research and Development Centre, Sector-13, Faridabad, Haryana, 121007, India.
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25
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Yan J, Meng Q, Shen X, Chen B, Sun Y, Xiang J, Liu H, Han B. Selective valorization of lignin to phenol by direct transformation of C sp2-C sp3 and C-O bonds. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/45/eabd1951. [PMID: 33158871 PMCID: PMC7673717 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd1951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phenol is an important commodity chemical in the industry, which is currently produced using fossil feedstocks. Here, we report a strategy to produce phenol from lignin by directly deconstructing Csp2-Csp3 and C-O bonds under mild conditions. It was found that zeolite catalyst could efficiently catalyze both the direct Csp2-Csp3 bond breakage to remove propyl structure and aliphatic β carbon-oxygen (Cβ-O) bond hydrolysis to form OH group on the aromatic ring. The yield of phenol could reach 10.9 weight % with a selectivity of 91.8%. In this unique route, water was the only reactant besides lignin. A scale-up experiment showed that 4.1 g of pure phenol could be obtained from 50.0 g of lignin. The reaction pathway was proposed by a combination of control experiments and density functional theory studies. This work opens the way for producing phenol from lignin by direct transformation of Csp2-Csp3 and C-O bonds in lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qinglei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xiaojun Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingfeng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Junfeng Xiang
- Center for Physicochemical Analysis and Measurement, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing 101400, China
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27
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Liu X, Bouxin FP, Fan J, Budarin VL, Hu C, Clark JH. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin towards Phenolic Chemicals: A Review. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4296-4317. [PMID: 32662564 PMCID: PMC7540457 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficient valorization of lignin could dictate the success of the 2nd generation biorefinery. Lignin, accounting for on average a third of the lignocellulosic biomass, is the most promising candidate for sustainable production of value-added phenolics. However, the structural alteration induced during lignin isolation is often depleting its potential for value-added chemicals. Recently, catalytic reductive depolymerization of lignin has appeared to be a promising and effective method for its valorization to obtain phenolic monomers. The present study systematically summarizes the far-reaching and state-of-the-art lignin valorization strategies during different stages, including conventional catalytic depolymerization of technical lignin, emerging reductive catalytic fractionation of protolignin, stabilization strategies to inhibit the undesired condensation reactions, and further catalytic upgrading of lignin-derived monomers. Finally, the potential challenges for the future researches on the efficient valorization of lignin and possible solutions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and TechnologyMinistry of EducationDepartment of ChemistrySichuan UniversityWangjiang RoadChengdu610064P.R. China
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Florent P. Bouxin
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Vitaliy L. Budarin
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and TechnologyMinistry of EducationDepartment of ChemistrySichuan UniversityWangjiang RoadChengdu610064P.R. China
| | - James H. Clark
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
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28
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Jing Y, Dong L, Guo Y, Liu X, Wang Y. Chemicals from Lignin: A Review of Catalytic Conversion Involving Hydrogen. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4181-4198. [PMID: 31886600 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant biopolymer with aromatic building blocks and its valorization to sustainable chemicals and fuels has extremely great potential to reduce the excessive dependence on fossil resources, although such conversions remain challenging. The purpose of this Review is to present an insight into the catalytic conversion of lignin involving hydrogen, including reductive depolymerization and the hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived monomers to arenes, cycloalkanes and phenols, with a main focus on the catalyst systems and reaction mechanisms. The roles of hydrogenation sites (Ru, Pt, Pd, Rh) and acid sites (Nb, Ti, Mo), as well as their interaction in selective hydrodeoxygenation reactions are emphasized. Furthermore, some inspirational strategies for the production of other value-added chemicals are mentioned. Finally, some personal perspectives are provided to highlight the opportunities within this attractive field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Jing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Research, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Lin Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Research, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Research, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Research, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
| | - Yanqin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Research, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, No. 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, P.R. China
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Shen X, Xin Y, Liu H, Han B. Product-oriented Direct Cleavage of Chemical Linkages in Lignin. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4367-4381. [PMID: 32449257 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is one of the most important biomacromolecules in the plant biomass and the largest renewable source of aromatic building blocks in nature. Selectively producing value-added chemicals from the catalytic transformation of renewable lignin is of strategic significance and meet sustainability targets owing to the excessive consumption of non-renewable petroleum resource, but remains a long-term challenge owing to the complexity of lignin structure. This Minireview provides a summary and perspective of the extensive research that provides insight into selectively catalytic transformations of lignin and its derived monomers via directed scissor of chemical linkages (C-O and C-C bonds) with product-oriented targets. Furthermore, some challenges and opportunities of lignin catalytic transformation are provided based on existing problems in this field for readers to discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Center, Beijing, 101407, P. R. China
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30
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Lei L, Wang Y, Zhang Z, An J, Wang F. Transformations of Biomass, Its Derivatives, and Downstream Chemicals over Ceria Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yehong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinghua An
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Cao Y, Zhang C, Tsang DC, Fan J, Clark JH, Zhang S. Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignin to Aromatic Chemicals: Impact of Lignin Structure. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Daniel C.W. Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - James H. Clark
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Technical Service Platform for Pollution Control and Resource Utilization of Organic Wastes, Shanghai, 200438, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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32
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Gale M, Cai CM, Gilliard-Abdul-Aziz KL. Heterogeneous Catalyst Design Principles for the Conversion of Lignin into High-Value Commodity Fuels and Chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1947-1966. [PMID: 31899593 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignin valorization has risen as a promising pathway to supplant the use of petrochemicals for chemical commodities and fuels. However, the challenges of separating and breaking down lignin from lignocellulosic biomass are the primary barriers to success. Integrated biorefinery systems that incorporate both homo- and heterogeneous catalysis for the upgrading of lignin intermediates have emerged as a viable solution. Homogeneous catalysis can perform selected chemistries, such as the hydrolysis and dehydration of ester or ether bonds, that are more suitable for the pretreatment and fractionation of biomass. Heterogeneous catalysis, however, offers a tunable platform for the conversion of extracted lignin into chemicals, fuels, and materials. Tremendous effort has been invested in elucidating the necessary factors for the valorization of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, with efforts to explore more robust methods to drive down costs. Current progress in lignin conversion has fostered numerous advances, but understanding the key catalyst design principles is important for advancing the field. This Minireview aims to provide a summary on the fundamental design principles for the selective conversion of lignin by using heterogeneous catalysts, including the pairing of catalyst metals, supports, and solvents. The review puts a particular focus on the use of bimetallic catalysts on porous supports as a strategy for the selective conversion of lignin. Finally, future research on the valorization of lignin is proposed on the basis of recent progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gale
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 446 Winston Chung Hall, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
| | - Charles M Cai
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 1084 Columbia Avenue, Riverside, USA
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Kandis Leslie Gilliard-Abdul-Aziz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 446 Winston Chung Hall, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Bourns College of Engineering, University of California, Riverside, 313 Material Science and Engineering Building, 900 University Ave, Riverside, USA
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Abstract
In recent decades, research on lignin depolymerization and its downstream product transformation has drawn an enormous amount of attention from academia to industry worldwide, aiming at harvesting aromatic compounds from this abundant and renewable biomass resource. Although the lignin conversion can be traced back to the 1930s and various noncatalytic and catalytic methods have been explored to depolymerize lignin via direct lignin conversion research or lignin models conversion studies, the complexity of the lignin structure, various linkages, the high stability of lignin bonds, and the diverse fragments condensation process make lignin depolymerization to monomers a highly challenging task. For the potential practical utilization of lignin, compared with lignin conversion to liquid fuel with extra H2 consumption, maintaining the aromatic structure and preparing high-value aromatic chemicals from renewable lignin is more profitable. Therefore, lignin depolymerization to easy-to-handle aromatic monomers with acceptable conversion and selectivity is of great importance. In this article, we present our recent studies on lignin's catalytic conversion to aromatic chemicals. First, we introduce our research on protolignin depolymerization via a fragmentation-hydrogenolysis process in alcohol solvents. Then, focusing on the catalytic cleavage of lignin C-C and C-O bonds, we shed light on a recapitulative adjacent functional group modification (AFGM) strategy for the conversion of lignin models. AFGM strategy begins with the adjacent functional group modification of the target C-C or C-O bond to directly decrease the bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) of targeted bonds or generate new substrate sites to introduce the cleavage reagent for further conversion. Subsequently, on the basis of these two concepts from AFGM, we summarize our strategies on lignin depolymerization, which highlight the effects of lignin structure, catalyst character, and reaction conditions on the efficiency of strategies. In short, the key point for lignin depolymerization to aromatics is promoting the lignin conversion and restraining the condensation. Compared with the complex research on direct lignin conversion, this bottom-up research approach, beginning with lignin model research, can make the conversion mechanism study clear and provide potential methods for the protolignin/technical lignin conversion. In addition, one of our perspectives for lignin utilization is that the products from lignin conversion can be used as monomers for artificial polymerization, such as the simple phenol (PhOH) and other potential acid compounds, or that lignin derivative molecules can be used to synthesize high-value synthetic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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34
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Liao Y, Koelewijn SF, Van den Bossche G, Van Aelst J, Van den Bosch S, Renders T, Navare K, Nicolaï T, Van Aelst K, Maesen M, Matsushima H, Thevelein JM, Van Acker K, Lagrain B, Verboekend D, Sels BF. A sustainable wood biorefinery for low–carbon footprint chemicals production. Science 2020; 367:1385-1390. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aau1567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The profitability and sustainability of future biorefineries are dependent on efficient feedstock use. Therefore, it is essential to valorize lignin when using wood. We have developed an integrated biorefinery that converts 78 weight % (wt %) of birch into xylochemicals. Reductive catalytic fractionation of the wood produces a carbohydrate pulp amenable to bioethanol production and a lignin oil. After extraction of the lignin oil, the crude, unseparated mixture of phenolic monomers is catalytically funneled into 20 wt % of phenol and 9 wt % of propylene (on the basis of lignin weight) by gas-phase hydroprocessing and dealkylation; the residual phenolic oligomers (30 wt %) are used in printing ink as replacements for controversial para-nonylphenol. A techno-economic analysis predicts an economically competitive production process, and a life-cycle assessment estimates a lower carbon dioxide footprint relative to that of fossil-based production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Liao
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Steven-Friso Koelewijn
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Gil Van den Bossche
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Joost Van Aelst
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Sander Van den Bosch
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Tom Renders
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Kranti Navare
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Nicolaï
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, and Center for Microbiology, VIB, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Korneel Van Aelst
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Maarten Maesen
- Lawter bvba, Ketenislaan 1C, Haven 1520, 9130 Kallo, Belgium
| | | | - Johan M. Thevelein
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, and Center for Microbiology, VIB, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Karel Van Acker
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Economics and Corporate Sustainability, KU Leuven, Warmoesberg 26, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bert Lagrain
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Danny Verboekend
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bert F. Sels
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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35
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Wong SS, Shu R, Zhang J, Liu H, Yan N. Downstream processing of lignin derived feedstock into end products. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5510-5560. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00134a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review provides critical analysis on various downstream processes to convert lignin derived feedstock into fuels, chemicals and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sie Shing Wong
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University
- International Campus of Tianjin University
- Fuzhou 350207
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
| | - Riyang Shu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter
- School of Materials and Energy
| | - Jiaguang Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Green Lane
- Lincoln
- UK
| | - Haichao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
| | - Ning Yan
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University
- International Campus of Tianjin University
- Fuzhou 350207
- P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
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36
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Shen X, Meng Q, Mei Q, Liu H, Yan J, Song J, Tan D, Chen B, Zhang Z, Yang G, Han B. Selective catalytic transformation of lignin with guaiacol as the only liquid product. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1347-1352. [PMID: 34123258 PMCID: PMC8148073 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05892c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Guaiacol is an important feedstock for producing various high-value chemicals. However, the current production route of guaiacol relies heavily on fossil resources. Using lignin as a cheap and renewable feedstock to selectively produce guaiacol has great potential, but it is a challenge because of its heterogeneity and inert reactivity. Herein, we discovered that La(OTf)3 could catalyze the transformation of lignin with guaiacol as the only liquid product. In the reaction, La(OTf)3 catalyzed the hydrolysis of lignin ether linkages to form alkyl-syringol and alkyl-guaiacol, which further underwent decarbonization and demethoxylation to produce guaiacol with a yield of up to 25.5 wt%, and the remaining residue was solid. In the scale-up experiment, the isolated yield of guaiacol reached up to 21.2 wt%. To our knowledge, this is the first work to produce pure guaiacol selectively from lignin. The bio-guaiacol may be considered as a platform to promote lignin utilization. La(OTf)3 can catalyze the transformation of lignin efficiently with guaiacol as the only liquid product, and guaiacol produced can be isolated easily in a scaled up experiment.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qinglei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Qingqing Mei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huizhen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.,Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Centre Beijing 101407 P. R. China
| | - Jiang Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jinliang Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dongxing Tan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bingfeng Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Zhanrong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Guanying Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Buxing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface and Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China.,Physical Science Laboratory, Huairou National Comprehensive Science Centre Beijing 101407 P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
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37
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Wang M, Wang F. Catalytic Scissoring of Lignin into Aryl Monomers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901866. [PMID: 31821648 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is an aromatic polymer, which is the biggest and most sustainable reservoir for aromatics. The selective conversion of lignin polymers into aryl monomers is a promising route to provide aromatics, but it is also a challenging task. Compared to cellulose, lignin remains the most poorly utilized biopolymer due to its complex structure. Although harsh conditions can degrade lignin, the aromatic rings are usually destroyed. This article comprehensively analyzes the challenges facing the scissoring of lignin into aryl monomers and summarizes the recent progress, focusing on the strategies and the catalysts to address the problems. Finally, emphasis is given to the outlook and future directions of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
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38
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Ye L, Han C, Shi P, Gao W, Mei W. Copper-catalyzed synthesis of phenol and diaryl ether derivatives via hydroxylation of diaryliodoniums. RSC Adv 2019; 9:21525-21529. [PMID: 35521308 PMCID: PMC9066359 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04282b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A copper-catalysed hydroxylation of diaryliodoniums to generate phenols and diaryl ethers is reported. This method allows the synthesis of diversely functionalized phenols under mild reaction conditions without the need for a strong inorganic base or an expensive noble-metal catalyst. Significantly, convenient application of diaryliodoniums is demonstrated in the preparation of diaryl ethers in a one-pot operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianbao Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China +86-20-39352139
| | - Chao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China +86-20-39352139
| | - Peiqi Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China +86-20-39352139
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China +86-20-39352139
| | - Wenjie Mei
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Center for Molecular Probes & Biomedical Imaging, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong China
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39
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Song S, Zhang J, Gözaydın G, Yan N. Production of Terephthalic Acid from Corn Stover Lignin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4934-4937. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Song
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Jiaguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Gökalp Gözaydın
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
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40
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Song S, Zhang J, Gözaydın G, Yan N. Production of Terephthalic Acid from Corn Stover Lignin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Song Song
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Jiaguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Gökalp Gözaydın
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 Singapore 117585 Singapore
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41
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Li J, Zhang J, Wang S, Xu G, Wang H, Vlachos DG. Chemoselective Hydrodeoxygenation of Carboxylic Acids to Hydrocarbons over Nitrogen-Doped Carbon–Alumina Hybrid Supported Iron Catalysts. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyue Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation, University of Delaware, 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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42
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Toyao T, Ting KW, Siddiki SMAH, Touchy AS, Onodera W, Maeno Z, Ariga-Miwa H, Kanda Y, Asakura K, Shimizu KI. Mechanistic study of the selective hydrogenation of carboxylic acid derivatives over supported rhenium catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01404g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The structure and performance of TiO2-supported Re (Re/TiO2) catalysts for selective hydrogenation of carboxylic acid derivatives have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Toyao
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries
| | - Kah Wei Ting
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | | | - Abeda S. Touchy
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Wataru Onodera
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | - Zen Maeno
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
| | | | - Yasuharu Kanda
- Applied Chemistry Research Unit
- College of Environmental Technology
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Muroran Institute of Technology
- Muroran 050-8585
| | | | - Ken-ichi Shimizu
- Institute for Catalysis
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 001-0021
- Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries
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