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Yee Mon KJ, Kim S, Dai Z, West JD, Zhu H, Jain R, Grimson A, Rudd BD, Singh A. Functionalized nanowires for miRNA-mediated therapeutic programming of naïve T cells. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 19:1190-1202. [PMID: 38684809 PMCID: PMC11330359 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01649-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cellular programming of naïve T cells can improve the efficacy of adoptive T-cell therapy. However, the current ex vivo engineering of T cells requires the pre-activation of T cells, which causes them to lose their naïve state. In this study, cationic-polymer-functionalized nanowires were used to pre-program the fate of primary naïve CD8+ T cells to achieve a therapeutic response in vivo. This was done by delivering single or multiple microRNAs to primary naïve mouse and human CD8+ T cells without pre-activation. The use of nanowires further allowed for the delivery of large, whole lentiviral particles with potential for long-term integration. The combination of deletion and overexpression of miR-29 and miR-130 impacted the ex vivo T-cell differentiation fate from the naïve state. The programming of CD8+ T cells using nanowire-delivered co-delivery of microRNAs resulted in the modulation of T-cell fitness by altering the T-cell proliferation, phenotypic and transcriptional regulation, and secretion of effector molecules. Moreover, the in vivo adoptive transfer of murine CD8+ T cells programmed through the nanowire-mediated dual delivery of microRNAs provided enhanced immune protection against different types of intracellular pathogen (influenza and Listeria monocytogenes). In vivo analyses demonstrated that the simultaneous alteration of miR-29 and miR-130 levels in naïve CD8+ T cells reduces the persistence of canonical memory T cells whereas increases the population of short-lived effector T cells. Nanowires could potentially be used to modulate CD8+ T-cell differentiation and achieve a therapeutic response in vivo without the need for pre-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel J Yee Mon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sungwoong Kim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zhonghao Dai
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jessica D West
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hongya Zhu
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ritika Jain
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Andrew Grimson
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Brian D Rudd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Ankur Singh
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Fan Z, Chen Y, Yang Z, Niu Y, Liang K, Zhang Y, Zeng J, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Lv C, Zhao P, Zhou L, Kong W, Li W, Chen H, Han D, Du Y. Superimposed Electric Field Enhanced Electrospray for High-Throughput and Consistent Cell Encapsulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400780. [PMID: 38850154 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation technology, crucial for advanced biomedical applications, faces challenges in existing microfluidic and electrospray methods. Microfluidic techniques, while precise, can damage vulnerable cells, and conventional electrospray methods often encounter instability and capsule breakage during high-throughput encapsulation. Inspired by the transformation of the working state from unstable dripping to stable jetting triggered by local electric potential, this study introduces a superimposed electric field (SEF)-enhanced electrospray method for cell encapsulation, with improved stability and biocompatibility. Utilizing stiffness theory, the stability of the electrospray, whose stiffness is five times stronger under conical confinement, is quantitatively analyzed. The SEF technique enables rapid, continuous production of ≈300 core-shell capsules per second in an aqueous environment, significantly improving cell encapsulation efficiency. This method demonstrates remarkable potential as exemplified in two key applications: (1) a 92-fold increase in human-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) expansion over 10 d, outperforming traditional 2D cultures in both growth rate and pluripotency maintenance, and (2) the development of liver capsules for steatosis modeling, exhibiting normal function and biomimetic lipid accumulation. The SEF-enhanced electrospray method presents a significant advancement in cell encapsulation technology. It offers a more efficient, stable, and biocompatible approach for clinical transplantation, drug screening, and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yihan Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yudi Niu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kaini Liang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianan Zeng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yiting Feng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lv Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenyu Kong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haoke Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dongbo Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanan Du
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100000, China
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Zareein A, Mahmoudi M, Jadhav SS, Wilmore J, Wu Y. Biomaterial engineering strategies for B cell immunity modulations. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1981-2006. [PMID: 38456305 PMCID: PMC11019864 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01841e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
B cell immunity has a penetrating effect on human health and diseases. Therapeutics aiming to modulate B cell immunity have achieved remarkable success in combating infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. However, current treatments still face significant limitations in generating effective long-lasting therapeutic B cell responses for many conditions. As the understanding of B cell biology has deepened in recent years, clearer regulation networks for B cell differentiation and antibody production have emerged, presenting opportunities to overcome current difficulties and realize the full therapeutic potential of B cell immunity. Biomaterial platforms have been developed to leverage these emerging concepts to augment therapeutic humoral immunity by facilitating immunogenic reagent trafficking, regulating T cell responses, and modulating the immune microenvironment. Moreover, biomaterial engineering tools have also advanced our understanding of B cell biology, further expediting the development of novel therapeutics. In this review, we will introduce the general concept of B cell immunobiology and highlight key biomaterial engineering strategies in the areas including B cell targeted antigen delivery, sustained B cell antigen delivery, antigen engineering, T cell help optimization, and B cell suppression. We will also discuss our perspective on future biomaterial engineering opportunities to leverage humoral immunity for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zareein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
- The BioInspired Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Mina Mahmoudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
- The BioInspired Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Shruti Sunil Jadhav
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
| | - Joel Wilmore
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Yaoying Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
- The BioInspired Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Wheeler TA, Antoinette AY, Bhatia E, Kim MJ, Ijomanta CN, Zhao A, van der Meulen MCH, Singh A. Mechanical loading of joint modulates T cells in lymph nodes to regulate osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024; 32:287-298. [PMID: 38072172 PMCID: PMC10955501 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The crosstalk of joint pathology with local lymph nodes in osteoarthritis (OA) is poorly understood. We characterized the change in T cells in lymph nodes following load-induced OA and established the association of the presence and migration of T cells to the onset and progression of OA. METHODS We used an in vivo model of OA to induce mechanical load-induced joint damage. After cyclic tibial compression of mice, we analyzed lymph nodes for T cells using flow cytometry and joint pathology using histology and microcomputed tomography. The role of T-cell migration and the presence of T-cell type was examined using T-cell receptor (TCR)α-/- mice and an immunomodulatory drug, Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor inhibitor-treated mice, respectively. RESULTS We demonstrated a significant increase in T-cell populations in local lymph nodes in response to joint injury in 10, 16, and 26-week-old mice, and as a function of load duration, 1, 2, and 6 weeks. T-cell expression of inflammatory cytokine markers increased in the local lymph nodes and was associated with load-induced OA progression in the mouse knee. Joint loading in TCRα-/- mice reduced both cartilage degeneration (Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores: TCRα 0.568, 0.981-0.329 confidence interval (CI); wild type (WT) 1.328, 2.353-0.749 CI) and osteophyte formation. Inhibition of T-cell egress from lymph nodes attenuated load-induced cartilage degradation (OARSI scores: Fingolimod: 0.509, 1.821-0.142 CI; Saline 1.210, 1.932-0.758 CI) and decreased localization of T cells in the synovium. CONCLUSIONS These results establish the association of lymph node-resident T cells in joint damage and suggest that the S1P receptor modulators and T-cell immunotherapies could be used to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibra A Wheeler
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Adrien Y Antoinette
- Sibley School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Eshant Bhatia
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew J Kim
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Ann Zhao
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Marjolein C H van der Meulen
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Sibley School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Research Division, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ankur Singh
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Sibley School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA; Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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5
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Kastenschmidt JM, Sureshchandra S, Wagar LE. Leveraging human immune organoids for rational vaccine design. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:938-944. [PMID: 37940395 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Current influenza A and B virus (IABV) vaccines provide suboptimal protection and efforts are underway to develop a universal IABV vaccine. Blood neutralizing antibodies are the current gold standard for protection, but many processes that regulate human IABV-specific immunity occur in mucosal and lymphoid tissues. We need an improved mechanistic understanding of how immune cells respond within these tissues to advance our current (slow and expensive) vaccine testing model. We posit that advanced in vitro models of human adaptive immunity can bridge some of the gaps between vaccine design, animal models, and human clinical trials. Here, we highlight how they can be integrated into current practices and play a role in reverse translating the defined features of protective vaccines to rationally design new candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Kastenschmidt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Vaccine R&D Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Suhas Sureshchandra
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Vaccine R&D Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA
| | - Lisa E Wagar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Center for Virus Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA; Vaccine R&D Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA.
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6
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Kwee BJ, Li X, Nguyen XX, Campagna C, Lam J, Sung KE. Modeling immunity in microphysiological systems. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:2001-2019. [PMID: 38166397 PMCID: PMC10800123 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231215897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a need for better predictive models of the human immune system to evaluate safety and efficacy of immunomodulatory drugs and biologics for successful product development and regulatory approvals. Current in vitro models, which are often tested in two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture polystyrene, and preclinical animal models fail to fully recapitulate the function and physiology of the human immune system. Microphysiological systems (MPSs) that can model key microenvironment cues of the human immune system, as well as of specific organs and tissues, may be able to recapitulate specific features of the in vivo inflammatory response. This minireview provides an overview of MPS for modeling lymphatic tissues, immunity at tissue interfaces, inflammatory diseases, and the inflammatory tumor microenvironment in vitro and ex vivo. Broadly, these systems have utility in modeling how certain immunotherapies function in vivo, how dysfunctional immune responses can propagate diseases, and how our immune system can combat pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Kwee
- Cellular and Tissue Therapy Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Cellular and Tissue Therapy Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Xinh-Xinh Nguyen
- Cellular and Tissue Therapy Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Courtney Campagna
- Cellular and Tissue Therapy Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Johnny Lam
- Cellular and Tissue Therapy Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Kyung E Sung
- Cellular and Tissue Therapy Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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Choi HK, Travaglino S, Münchhalfen M, Görg R, Zhong Z, Lyu J, Reyes-Aguilar DM, Wienands J, Singh A, Zhu C. Mechanotransduction governs CD40 function and underlies X-linked Hyper IgM syndrome. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.23.550231. [PMID: 37546834 PMCID: PMC10401940 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.23.550231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
B cell maturation in germinal centers (GCs) depends on cognate interactions between the T and B cells. Upon interaction with CD40 ligand (CD40L) on T cells, CD40 delivers co-stimulatory signals alongside B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling to regulate affinity maturation and antibody class-switch during GC reaction. Mutations in CD40L disrupt interactions with CD40, which lead to abnormal antibody responses in immune deficiencies known as X-linked Hyper IgM syndrome (X-HIgM). Assuming that physical interactions between highly mobile T and B cells generate mechanical forces on CD40-CD40L bonds, we set out to study the B cell mechanobiology mediated by CD40-CD40L interaction. Using a suite of biophysical assays we find that CD40 forms catch bond with CD40L where the bond lasts longer at larger forces, B cells exert tension on CD40-CD40L bonds, and force enhances CD40 signaling and antibody class-switch. Significantly, X-HIgM CD40L mutations impair catch bond formation, suppress endogenous tension, and reduce force-enhanced CD40 signaling, leading to deficiencies in antibody class switch. Our findings highlight the critical role of mechanotransduction in CD40 function and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying X-HIgM syndrome.
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