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Liu S, Peng L, Xiang S, Chen H, Huang Y, Huang X, Huang Q. Extensional Flow-Induced Concentration Gradient in Entangled Polymer Solutions with Chemically Identical Species. ACS Macro Lett 2024:138-143. [PMID: 38206162 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Entangled polymer solutions show different rheological behavior from melts in fast extensional flow. This discrepancy is not expected according to the classic tube model and is an urgent issue to be solved in polymer physics. While in the tube model the polymer concentration is considered to be homogeneous, we show that extensional flow-induced concentration gradient may happen in polymer solutions even with chemically identical solutes and solvents. Through labeling an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe on oligomeric solvents, the flow-induced concentration gradient is visualized by combining extensional rheology and ex situ fluorescence microscopy. Microdomains of oligomeric solvents with a length scale of tens of micrometers are observed, and their influence on rheological behavior cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., LTD., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Li Peng
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., LTD., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Siying Xiang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yajiang Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xianbo Huang
- National-Certified Enterprise Technology Center, Kingfa Science and Technology Co., LTD., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Nafar Sefiddashti MH, Edwards BJ, Khomami B. Atomistic Simulation of Flow-Induced Microphase Separation and Crystallization of an Entangled Polyethylene Melt Undergoing Uniaxial Elongational Flow and the Role of Kuhn Segment Extension. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081831. [PMID: 37111978 PMCID: PMC10146043 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomistic simulations of the linear, entangled polyethylene C1000H2002 melt undergoing steady-state and startup conditions of uniaxial elongational flow (UEF) over a wide range of flow strength were performed using a united-atom model for the atomic interactions between the methylene groups constituting the polymer macromolecules. Rheological, topological, and microstructural properties of these nonequilibrium viscoelastic materials were computed as functions of strain rate, focusing on regions of flow strength where flow-induced phase separation and flow-induced crystallization were evident. Results of the UEF simulations were compared with those of prior simulations of planar elongational flow, which revealed that uniaxial and planar flows exhibited essentially a universal behavior, although over strain rate ranges that were not completely equivalent. At intermediate flow strength, a purely configurational microphase separation was evident that manifested as a bicontinuous phase composed of regions of highly stretched molecules that enmeshed spheroidal domains of relatively coiled chains. At high flow strength, a flow-induced crystallization (FIC) occurred, producing a semicrystalline material possessing a high degree of crystallinity and primarily a monoclinic lattice structure. This FIC phase formed at a temperature (450 K) high above the quiescent melting point (≈400 K) and remained stable after cessation of flow for temperature at or below 435 K. Careful examination of the Kuhn segments constituting the polymer chains revealed that the FIC phase only formed once the Kuhn segments had become essentially fully extended under the UEF flow field. Thermodynamic properties such as the heat of fusion and heat capacity were estimated from the simulations and found to compare favorably with experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hadi Nafar Sefiddashti
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Brian J Edwards
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Bamin Khomami
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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Zhang W, Zou L. Mismatch in Nematic Interactions Leads to Composition-Dependent Crystal Nucleation in Polymer Blends. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Lingyi Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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Interaction between the phase separation and flow-induced crystallization process in polyethylene/ethylene-methacrylic acid ionomers (surlyn) blends during the film blowing: An in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray scattering study. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sheng J, Chen W, Cui K, Li L. Polymer crystallization under external flow. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:036601. [PMID: 35060493 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac4d92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The general aspects of polymer crystallization under external flow, i.e., flow-induced crystallization (FIC) from fundamental theoretical background to multi-scale characterization and modeling results are presented. FIC is crucial for modern polymer processing, such as blowing, casting, and injection modeling, as two-third of daily-used polymers is crystalline, and nearly all of them need to be processed before final applications. For academics, the FIC is intrinsically far from equilibrium, where the polymer crystallization behavior is different from that in quiescent conditions. The continuous investigation of crystallization contributes to a better understanding on the general non-equilibrium ordering in condensed physics. In the current review, the general theories related to polymer nucleation under flow (FIN) were summarized first as a preliminary knowledge. Various theories and models, i.e., coil-stretch transition and entropy reduction model, are briefly presented together with the modified versions. Subsequently, the multi-step ordering process of FIC is discussed in detail, including chain extension, conformational ordering, density fluctuation, and final perfection of the polymer crystalline. These achievements for a thorough understanding of the fundamental basis of FIC benefit from the development of various hyphenated rheometer, i.e., rheo-optical spectroscopy, rheo-IR, and rheo-x-ray scattering. The selected experimental results are introduced to present efforts on elucidating the multi-step and hierarchical structure transition during FIC. Then, the multi-scale modeling methods are summarized, including micro/meso scale simulation and macroscopic continuum modeling. At last, we briefly describe our personal opinions related to the future directions of this field, aiming to ultimately establish the unified theory of FIC and promote building of the more applicable models in the polymer processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Sheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunpeng Cui
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangbin Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Film, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Zhang S, Wu Y, Jiang L, Zhang W, Qiao X, Yan H, Zhou H, Tang B. Removal of trace DNA toxic compounds using a Poly(deep eutectic solvent)@Biomass based on multi-physical interactions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126369. [PMID: 34130161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
DNA toxic compounds (DNA-T-Cs), even in trace amounts, seriously threaten human health and must be completely eliminated. However, the currently used separation media face great challenges in removing trace DNA-T-Cs. Based on the functional advantages of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and the natural features of biomass (BioM), a series of Poly(DES)@BioMs functioning as adsorbents were prepared for the removal of aromatic/hetero-atomic DNA-T-Cs at the ppm level. After optimisation of experimental conditions, the removal efficiency for DNA-T-Cs ranged from 92.4% to 96.0% with an initial concentration of 20.0 ppm, a temperature of 30 °C, duration of 30 min, and pH of 7.0. The removal processes between the DNA-T-Cs and Poly(DES)@BioMs are well described in the Temkin equilibrium and second-order kinetic adsorption models, and the desorption processes are well shown in the Korsmeryer-Peppas equilibrium and zero-order kinetic models. Molecular simulations revealed that the removal interactions include hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and hydrophobic/hydrophilic effects. The removal efficiency for the DNA-T-Cs at 8.0 ppm in industrial sewage ranged from 69.7% to 102%, while the removal efficiency for the DNA-T-Cs standing alone at 20.0 ppm in a methyl violet drug solution was 95.4%, confirming that the Poly(DES)@BioMs effectively removed trace DNA-T-Cs in field samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Susu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Luying Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenxi Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Hongyuan Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Hongjian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Centre for Environmental and Energy Nanomaterials, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.
| | - Baokun Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Nafar Sefiddashti MH, Edwards BJ, Khomami B. A Thermodynamically Inspired Method for Quantifying Phase Transitions in Polymeric Liquids with Application to Flow-Induced Crystallization of a Polyethylene Melt. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hadi Nafar Sefiddashti
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Brian J. Edwards
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bamin Khomami
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Nafar Sefiddashti MH, Edwards BJ, Khomami B. Flow-Induced Phase Separation and Crystallization in Entangled Polyethylene Solutions under Elongational Flow. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hadi Nafar Sefiddashti
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Brian J. Edwards
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bamin Khomami
- Materials Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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