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Hytönen VP. (Strept)avidin as a template for ligands other than biotin: An overview. Methods Enzymol 2020; 633:21-28. [PMID: 32046847 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2019.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chicken avidin and bacterial streptavidin are workhorses in biotechnology. We have used avidin as a scaffold protein to develop avidin variants with novel ligand-binding affinity, so-called antidins. This article covers the strategy applied in the development of antidins. Using a phage display developed for avidin, immobilized ligands were used to select binders from a phage pool displaying avidin variants with randomized sequence in the protein loops. Antidins binding various ligands with nanomolar affinity were obtained. Antidins have already been demonstrated to be suitable for a diagnostic assay measuring serum progesterone levels and they offer a promising alternative to antibodies for the recognition of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesa P Hytönen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland.
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Biancalana L, Gruchała M, Batchelor LK, Błauż A, Monti A, Pampaloni G, Rychlik B, Dyson PJ, Marchetti F. Conjugating Biotin to Ruthenium(II) Arene Units via Phosphine Ligand Functionalization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Biancalana
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Martyna Gruchała
- Cytometry Lab Department of Molecular Biophysics University of Łódź ul. Pomorska 141/143 90‐236 Łódź Poland
| | - Lucinda K. Batchelor
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Andrzej Błauż
- Cytometry Lab Department of Molecular Biophysics University of Łódź ul. Pomorska 141/143 90‐236 Łódź Poland
| | - Andrea Monti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Guido Pampaloni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Błażej Rychlik
- Cytometry Lab Department of Molecular Biophysics University of Łódź ul. Pomorska 141/143 90‐236 Łódź Poland
| | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Università di Pisa Via G. Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
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Agrawal N, Lehtonen SI, Uusi-Mäkelä M, Jain P, Viitala S, Määttä JAE, Kähkönen N, Azizi L, Riihimäki TA, Kulomaa MS, Johnson MS, Hytönen VP, Airenne TT. Molecular features of steroid-binding antidins and their use for assaying serum progesterone. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212339. [PMID: 30785944 PMCID: PMC6382169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken avidin (Avd) and streptavidin from Streptomyces avidinii are extensively used in bionanotechnology due to their extremely tight binding to biotin (Kd ~ 10−15 M for chicken Avd). We previously reported engineered Avds known as antidins, which have micro- to nanomolar affinities for steroids, non-natural ligands of Avd. Here, we report the 2.8 Å X-ray structure of the sbAvd-2 (I117Y) antidin co-crystallized with progesterone. We describe the creation of new synthetic phage display libraries and report the experimental as well as computational binding analysis of progesterone-binding antidins. We introduce a next-generation antidin with 5 nM binding affinity for progesterone, and demonstrate the use of antidins for measuring progesterone in serum samples. Our data give insights on how to engineer and alter the binding preferences of Avds and to develop better molecular tools for modern bionanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Agrawal
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Soili I. Lehtonen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Meri Uusi-Mäkelä
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Purvi Jain
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sari Viitala
- University of Eastern Finland, School of Pharmacy, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha A. E. Määttä
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Niklas Kähkönen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Latifeh Azizi
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina A. Riihimäki
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Markku S. Kulomaa
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mark S. Johnson
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa P. Hytönen
- BioMediTech Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail: (TTA); (VPH)
| | - Tomi T. Airenne
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail: (TTA); (VPH)
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Sidhu JS, Singh A, Garg N, Singh N. Carbon Dot Based, Naphthalimide Coupled FRET Pair for Highly Selective Ratiometric Detection of Thioredoxin Reductase and Cancer Screening. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25847-25856. [PMID: 28737377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism has been established between carbon dots (CDs) and naphthalimide to monitor the activity of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), which is often overexpressed in many cancer cells. The naphthalimide moiety was covalently attached to the surface of CDs through a disulfide linkage. In normal cell conditions (when devoid of high concentrations of TrxR), the CDs act as an energy donor and naphthalimide acts as an acceptor, which establishes the FRET pair as interpreted from the emission at λem = 565 nm, when excited at λex = 360 nm. However, contrary to this, the elevated levels of TrxR cause the breakage of disulfide bonds and consequently abolishes the FRET pair through the release of the naphthalimide moiety from the surface of CDs. This process was studied by monitoring of fluorescence intensity at λem = 565 and 440 nm, when excited at the same wavelength (λex = 360 nm). The TrxR based ratiometric quenching and enhancement of fluorescence intensity offers an interesting opportunity to monitor the enzyme activities and has many advantages over conventional monitoring of fluorescence intensity at a single wavelength to avoid interference of external factors. Fluorescence images of cancer cells in response to the nanosensor were visualized under a confocal microscope. Cytotoxicity study of nanosensor retards the growth of HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines in the presence of visible light. Therefore, the nanosensor also acts as a theranostic agent to diagnose as well as killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagpreet Singh Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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Structural characterization of core-bradavidin in complex with biotin. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176086. [PMID: 28426764 PMCID: PMC5398887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bradavidin is a tetrameric biotin-binding protein similar to chicken avidin and bacterial streptavidin, and was originally cloned from the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens. We have previously reported the crystal structure of the full-length, wild-type (wt) bradavidin with 138 amino acids, where the C-terminal residues Gly129-Lys138 (“Brad-tag”) act as an intrinsic ligand (i.e. Gly129-Lys138 bind into the biotin-binding site of an adjacent subunit within the same tetramer) and has potential as an affinity tag for biotechnological purposes. Here, the X-ray structure of core-bradavidin lacking the C-terminal residues Gly114-Lys138, and hence missing the Brad-tag, was crystallized in complex with biotin at 1.60 Å resolution [PDB:4BBO]. We also report a homology model of rhodavidin, an avidin-like protein from Rhodopseudomonas palustris, and of an avidin-like protein from Bradyrhizobium sp. Ai1a-2, both of which have the Brad-tag sequence at their C-terminus. Moreover, core-bradavidin V1, an engineered variant of the original core-bradavidin, was also expressed at high levels in E. coli, as well as a double mutant (Cys39Ala and Cys69Ala) of core-bradavidin (CC mutant). Our data help us to further engineer the core-bradavidin–Brad-tag pair for biotechnological assays and chemical biology applications, and provide deeper insight into the biotin-binding mode of bradavidin.
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