1
|
Wang M, Li L, Yang S, Guo F, Zhu G, Zhu B, Chang J. Synthesis of novel oxazol-5-one derivatives containing chiral trifluoromethyl and isoxazole moieties as potent antitumor agents and the mechanism investigation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 135:106505. [PMID: 37027950 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a series of novel oxazol-5-one derivatives containing a chiral trifluoromethyl and isoxazole moiety were synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxic activities. Among them, 5t was the most effective compound against HepG2 liver cancer cells with an IC50 of 1.8 μM. 5t inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro. Nevertheless, the potential anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) target and mechanism of 5t were unclear. This work aimed to seek the molecular target of 5t against HCC and investigate its mechanism. Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry was used to identify peroxiredoxin 1(PRDX1) as a possible target of 5t. Cellular thermal shift assay, drug affinity responsive target stability, and molecular docking provided conclusive evidence that 5t targeted PRDX1 and inhibited its enzymatic activity. 5t augmented the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and led to ROS-dependent DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Silencing PRDX1 also resulted in ROS-mediated apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In vivo, 5t inhibited mouse tumor growth by increasing oxidative stress. Briefly, our studies revealed that compound 5t targeted PRDX1 through a ROS-dependent mechanism, highlighting the future development of compound 5t as a novel therapeutic drug for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Wang
- Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Luyao Li
- Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China; College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuping Yang
- Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Fangyuan Guo
- Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Gongming Zhu
- Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Bo Zhu
- Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Pingyuan Laboratory, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koeniger A, Polo P, Brichkina A, Finkernagel F, Visekruna A, Nist A, Stiewe T, Daude M, Diederich W, Gress T, Adhikary T, Lauth M. Tumor-suppressive disruption of cancer subtype-associated super enhancer circuits by small molecule treatment. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad007. [PMID: 36755960 PMCID: PMC9900422 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional cancer subtypes which correlate with traits such as tumor growth, drug sensitivity or the chances of relapse and metastasis, have been described for several malignancies. The core regulatory circuits (CRCs) defining these subtypes are established by chromatin super enhancers (SEs) driving key transcription factors (TFs) specific for the particular cell state. In neuroblastoma (NB), one of the most frequent solid pediatric cancer entities, two major SE-directed molecular subtypes have been described: A more lineage-committed adrenergic (ADRN) and a mesenchymal (MES) subtype. Here, we found that a small isoxazole molecule (ISX), a frequently used pro-neural drug, reprogrammed SE activity and switched NB cells from an ADRN subtype towards a growth-retarded MES-like state. The MES-like state shared strong transcriptional overlap with ganglioneuroma (GN), a benign and highly differentiated tumor of the neural crest. Mechanistically, ISX suppressed chromatin binding of N-MYC, a CRC-amplifying transcription factor, resulting in loss of key ADRN subtype-enriched components such as N-MYC itself, PHOX2B and ALK, while concomitently, MES subtype markers were induced. Globally, ISX treatment installed a chromatin accessibility landscape typically associated with low risk NB. In summary, we provide evidence that CRCs and cancer subtype reprogramming might be amenable to future therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Koeniger
- Philipps University Marburg, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Pierfrancesco Polo
- Philipps University Marburg, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna Brichkina
- Philipps University Marburg, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Philipps University Marburg, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Visekruna
- Philipps University Marburg, Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Genomics Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, Genomics Core Facility, Institute of Molecular Oncology, Philipps University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Daude
- Philipps University Marburg, Core Facility Medical Chemistry, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Wibke E Diederich
- Philipps University Marburg, Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry and Core Facility Medical Chemistry, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas M Gress
- Philipps University Marburg, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Till Adhikary
- Philipps University Marburg, Institute for Medical Bioinformatics and Biostatistics and Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Lauth
- Philipps University Marburg, Dept. of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Tumor- and Immune Biology, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bogdos MK, Müller P, Morandi B. Structural Evidence for Aromatic Heterocycle N–O Bond Activation via Oxidative Addition. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K. Bogdos
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Müller
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Asadi F, Fernandez Andrade JA, Gillies R, Lee K, Dhanvantari S, Hardy DB, Arany EJ. Sex-dependent Effect of In-utero Exposure to Δ 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol on Glucagon and Stathmin-2 in Adult Rat Offspring. Can J Diabetes 2022; 46:851-862. [PMID: 35985923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Administration of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) to pregnant rats results in glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and reduced islet mass in female, but not male, offspring. The effects of Δ9-THC on other islet hormones is not known. One downstream target of the cannabinoid receptor, stathmin-2 (Stmn2), has recently been shown to suppress glucagon secretion, thereby suggesting Δ9-THC may also affect alpha-cell function. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of in-utero Δ9-THC exposure on the profile of glucagon, insulin and Stmn2 in the rat offspring islet and serum. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rat dams were injected with Δ9-THC (3 mg/kg per day, intraperitoneally) or vehicle from gestational day 6 to birth. Offspring were euthanized at postnatal day 21 (PND21) or at 5 months (adult) to collect blood and pancreata. RESULTS At PND21, control and Δ9-THC-exposed offspring showed that Stmn2 had a strong colocalization with glucagon (Pearson's correlation coefficient ≥0.6), and a weak colocalization with insulin (Pearson's correlation coefficient <0.4) in both males and females, with no changes by either treatment or sex. In adult female offspring in the Δ9-THC group, intensity analysis indicated an increased insulin-to-glucagon (I/G; p<0.05) ratio and a decreased glucagon-to-Stmn2 (G/S; p<0.01) ratio, and no changes in these ratios in adult males. Furthermore, Δ9-THC did not alter fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels in either male or female adult offspring. However, female Δ9-THC-exposed offspring exhibited an increased I/G ratio (p<0.05) and decreased G/S ratio in serum by adulthood (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Collectively, the reduced G/S ratio in both islet and serum in association with an increased serum I/G ratio has direct correlations with early glucose intolerance and insulin resistance observed exclusively in females' offspring in this prenatal cannabinoid model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Asadi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Juan Andres Fernandez Andrade
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ryan Gillies
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kendrick Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Savita Dhanvantari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Barry Hardy
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edith Juliana Arany
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Duan M, Hou G, Zhao Y, Zhu C, Song C. Synthesis of Isoxazoles via One-Pot Oxidation/Cyclization Sequence from Propargylamines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11222-11225. [PMID: 35912706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A facile strategy for the synthesis of isoxazoles has been efficaciously developed, which involves oxidation of propargylamines to the corresponding oximes followed by CuCl-mediated intramolecular cyclization of the latter. This protocol shows a straightforward way to construct a series of isoxazole cores with a wide range of functional group compatibility. Meanwhile, a gram-scale experiment and synthetic applications can be successfully operated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyan Duan
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guodong Hou
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yabiao Zhao
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Congjun Zhu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chuanjun Song
- College of Chemistry, and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodrigues-dos-Santos K, Roy G, Binns DD, Grzemska MG, Barella LF, Armoo F, McCoy MK, Huynh AV, Yang JZ, Posner BA, Cobb MH, Kalwat MA. Small Molecule-mediated Insulin Hypersecretion Induces Transient ER Stress Response and Loss of Beta Cell Function. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6596276. [PMID: 35641126 PMCID: PMC9225822 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic islet beta cells require a fine-tuned endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response for normal function; abnormal ER stress contributes to diabetes pathogenesis. Here, we identified a small molecule, SW016789, with time-dependent effects on beta cell ER stress and function. Acute treatment with SW016789 potentiated nutrient-induced calcium influx and insulin secretion, while chronic exposure to SW016789 transiently induced ER stress and shut down secretory function in a reversible manner. Distinct from the effects of thapsigargin, SW016789 did not affect beta cell viability or apoptosis, potentially due to a rapid induction of adaptive genes, weak signaling through the eIF2α kinase PERK, and lack of oxidative stress gene Txnip induction. We determined that SW016789 acted upstream of voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) and potentiated nutrient- but not KCl-stimulated calcium influx. Measurements of metabolomics, oxygen consumption rate, and G protein-coupled receptor signaling did not explain the potentiating effects of SW016789. In chemical cotreatment experiments, we discovered synergy between SW016789 and activators of protein kinase C and VDCCs, suggesting involvement of these pathways in the mechanism of action. Finally, chronically elevated calcium influx was required for the inhibitory impact of SW016789, as blockade of VDCCs protected human islets and MIN6 beta cells from hypersecretion-induced dysfunction. We conclude that beta cells undergoing this type of pharmacological hypersecretion have the capacity to suppress their function to mitigate ER stress and avoid apoptosis. These results have the potential to uncover beta cell ER stress mitigation factors and add support to beta cell rest strategies to preserve function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luiz F Barella
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fiona Armoo
- Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa K McCoy
- Departments of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Andy V Huynh
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Yang
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bruce A Posner
- Departments of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Melanie H Cobb
- Departments of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Kalwat
- Correspondence: Michael A. Kalwat, PhD, Lilly Diabetes Center of Excellence, Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, 1210 Waterway Blvd Ste, 2000 Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. or
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Darden CM, Vasu S, Mattke J, Liu Y, Rhodes CJ, Naziruddin B, Lawrence MC. Calcineurin/NFATc2 and PI3K/AKT signaling maintains β-cell identity and function during metabolic and inflammatory stress. iScience 2022; 25:104125. [PMID: 35402865 PMCID: PMC8983383 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islets respond to metabolic and inflammatory stress by producing hormones and other factors that induce adaptive cellular and systemic responses. Here we show that intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and ROS signals generated by high glucose and cytokine-induced ER stress activate calcineurin (CN)/NFATc2 and PI3K/AKT to maintain β-cell identity and function. This was attributed in part by direct induction of the endocrine differentiation gene RFX6 and suppression of several β-cell "disallowed" genes, including MCT1. CN/NFATc2 targeted p300 and HDAC1 to RFX6 and MCT1 promoters to induce and suppress gene transcription, respectively. In contrast, prolonged exposure to stress, hyperstimulated [Ca2+]i, or perturbation of CN/NFATc2 resulted in downregulation of RFX6 and induction of MCT1. These findings reveal that CN/NFATc2 and PI3K/AKT maintain β-cell function during acute stress, but β-cells dedifferentiate to a dysfunctional state upon loss or exhaustion of Ca2+/CN/NFATc2 signaling. They further demonstrate the utility of targeting CN/NFATc2 to restore β-cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly M. Darden
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Srividya Vasu
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| | - Jordan Mattke
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Christopher J. Rhodes
- Kovler Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Ltd, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Bashoo Naziruddin
- Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75246, USA
| | - Michael C. Lawrence
- Islet Cell Laboratory, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX 75204, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liao XZ, Liu M, Dong L. An Approach to Vinylidenequinazolines from Isoxazoles and Dioxazolones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3741-3750. [PMID: 35089015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An effective strategy for the synthesis of vinylidenequinazolines has been efficaciously developed, which involves Rh(III)-assisted C-H amidation followed by ring-opening and intramolecular annulation. This protocol shows a straightforward way to construct diverse quinazoline units with a wide functional group compatibility from readily available isoxazoles and dioxazolones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Zhang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Man Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug, and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kalwat MA, Huang Z, Binns DD, McGlynn K, Cobb MH. α 2-Adrenergic Disruption of β Cell BDNF-TrkB Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576396. [PMID: 33178692 PMCID: PMC7593622 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic signaling is a well-known input into pancreatic islet function. Specifically, the insulin-secreting islet β cell expresses the Gi/o-linked α2-adrenergic receptor, which upon activation suppresses insulin secretion. The use of the adrenergic agonist epinephrine at micromolar doses may have supraphysiological effects. We found that pretreating β cells with micromolar concentrations of epinephrine differentially inhibited activation of receptor tyrosine kinases. We chose TrkB as an example because of its relative sensitivity to the effects of epinephrine and due to its potential regulatory role in the β cell. Our characterization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-TrkB signaling in MIN6 β cells showed that TrkB is activated by BDNF as expected, leading to canonical TrkB autophosphorylation and subsequent downstream signaling, as well as chronic effects on β cell growth. Micromolar, but not nanomolar, concentrations of epinephrine blocked BDNF-induced TrkB autophosphorylation and downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation, suggesting an inhibitory phenomenon at the receptor level. We determined epinephrine-mediated inhibition of TrkB activation to be Gi/o-dependent using pertussis toxin, arguing against an off-target effect of high-dose epinephrine. Published data suggested that inhibition of potassium channels or phosphoinositide-3-kinase signaling may abrogate the negative effects of epinephrine; however, these did not rescue TrkB signaling in our experiments. Taken together, these results show that (1) TrkB kinase signaling occurs in β cells and (2) use of epinephrine in studies of insulin secretion requires careful consideration of concentration-dependent effects. BDNF-TrkB signaling in β cells may underlie pro-survival or growth signaling and warrants further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Kalwat
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Igal RA, Sinner DI. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 (SCD5), a Δ-9 fatty acyl desaturase in search of a function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1866:158840. [PMID: 33049404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A large body of research has demonstrated that human stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), a universally expressed fatty acid Δ9-desaturase that converts saturated fatty acids (SFA) into monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), is a central regulator of metabolic and signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Unlike SCD1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 (SCD5), a second SCD isoform found in a variety of vertebrates, including humans, has received considerably less attention but new information on the catalytic properties, regulation and biological functions of this enzyme has begun to emerge. This review will examine the new evidence that supports key metabolic and biological roles for SCD5, as well as the potential implication of this desaturase in the mechanisms of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Ariel Igal
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, PH 1501 East, New York City, NY 10032, United States of America.
| | - Débora I Sinner
- Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Lab: R4447, Office: R4445, MLC 7009, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zheng X, Liu W, Zhang D. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Oxazole-Based Molecules via van Leusen Oxazole Synthesis. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071594. [PMID: 32244317 PMCID: PMC7180750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxazole compounds, including one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom in a five-membered heterocyclic ring, are present in various biological activities. Due to binding with a widespread spectrum of receptors and enzymes easily in biological systems through various non-covalent interactions, oxazole-based molecules are becoming a kind of significant heterocyclic nucleus, which have received attention from researchers globally, leading them to synthesize diverse oxazole derivatives. The van Leusen reaction, based on tosylmethylisocyanides (TosMICs), is one of the most appropriate strategies to prepare oxazole-based medicinal compounds. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of the synthesis of oxazole-containing molecules utilizing the van Leusen oxazole synthesis from 1972, aiming to look for potential oxazole-based medicinal compounds, which are valuable information for drug discovery and synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunan Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pesticide Science, Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-188-1775-2588 (W.L.); +86-431-8783-6471 (D.Z.)
| | - Dawei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China;
- Correspondence: (W.L.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-188-1775-2588 (W.L.); +86-431-8783-6471 (D.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tsakmaki A, Fonseca Pedro P, Pavlidis P, Hayee B, Bewick GA. ISX-9 manipulates endocrine progenitor fate revealing conserved intestinal lineages in mouse and human organoids. Mol Metab 2020; 34:157-173. [PMID: 32180555 PMCID: PMC7036449 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) survey the gut luminal environment and coordinate hormonal, immune and neuronal responses to it. They exhibit well-characterised physiological roles ranging from the control of local gut function to whole body metabolism, but little is known regarding the regulatory networks controlling their differentiation, especially in the human gut. The small molecule isoxazole-9 (ISX-9) has been shown to stimulate neuronal and pancreatic beta-cell differentiation, both closely related to EEC differentiation. Our aim was to use ISX-9 as a tool to explore EEC differentiation. Methods We investigated the effects of ISX-9 on EEC differentiation in mouse and human intestinal organoids, using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), fluorescent-activated cell sorting, immunostaining and single-cell RNA sequencing. Results ISX-9 increased the number of neurogenin3-RFP (Ngn3)-positive endocrine progenitor cells and upregulated NeuroD1 and Pax4, transcription factors that play roles in mouse EEC specification. Single-cell analysis showed induction of Pax4 expression in a developmentally late Ngn3+ population of cells and potentiation of genes associated with progenitors biased toward serotonin-producing enterochromaffin (EC) cells. Further, we observed enrichment of organoids with functional EC cells that was partly dependent on stimulation of calcium signalling in a population of cells residing outside the crypt base. Inducible Pax4 overexpression, in ileal organoids, uncovered its importance as a component of early human endocrine specification and highlighted the potential existence of two major endocrine lineages, the early appearing enterochromaffin lineage and the later developing peptidergic lineage which contains classical gut hormone cell types. Conclusion Our data provide proof-of-concept for the controlled manipulation of specific endocrine lineages with small molecules, whilst also shedding new light on human EEC differentiation and its similarity to the mouse. Given their diverse roles, understanding endocrine lineage plasticity and its control could have multiple therapeutic implications. ISX-9 promotes flux through the Ngn3 lineage and enriches it with enterochromaffin cells. ISX-9 engages an enterochromaffin biased transcriptional programme in endocrine fated cells. Enterochromaffin bias is partly dependent on calcium signalling in progenitor cells. ISX-9 reveals conserved gut endocrine specification between mouse and human. Pax4 overexpression in human ileum organoids mimics the effects of ISX-9 on EC bias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Tsakmaki
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Patricia Fonseca Pedro
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Polychronis Pavlidis
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bu'Hussain Hayee
- Department of Gastroenterology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gavin A Bewick
- Diabetes Research Group, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kalwat MA, Hwang IH, Macho J, Grzemska MG, Yang JZ, McGlynn K, MacMillan JB, Cobb MH. Chromomycin A 2 potently inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells. J Gen Physiol 2018; 150:1747-1757. [PMID: 30352794 PMCID: PMC6279362 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201812177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs that target insulin secretion are useful to understand β cell function and the pathogenesis of diabetes. Kalwat et al. investigate an aureolic acid that inhibits insulin secretion and reveal that it disrupts Wnt signaling, interferes with gene expression, and suppresses Ca2+ influx in β cells. Modulators of insulin secretion could be used to treat diabetes and as tools to investigate β cell regulatory pathways in order to increase our understanding of pancreatic islet function. Toward this goal, we previously used an insulin-linked luciferase that is cosecreted with insulin in MIN6 β cells to perform a high-throughput screen of natural products for chronic effects on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In this study, using multiple phenotypic analyses, we found that one of the top natural product hits, chromomycin A2 (CMA2), potently inhibited insulin secretion by at least three potential mechanisms: disruption of Wnt signaling, interference of β cell gene expression, and partial suppression of Ca2+ influx. Chronic treatment with CMA2 largely ablated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion even after washout, but it did not inhibit glucose-stimulated generation of ATP or Ca2+ influx. However, by using the KATP channel opener diazoxide, we uncovered defects in depolarization-induced Ca2+ influx that may contribute to the suppressed secretory response. Glucose-responsive ERK1/2 and S6 phosphorylation were also disrupted by chronic CMA2 treatment. By querying the FUSION bioinformatic database, we revealed that the phenotypic effects of CMA2 cluster with a number of Wnt–GSK3 pathway-related genes. Furthermore, CMA2 consistently decreased GSK3β phosphorylation and suppressed activation of a β-catenin activity reporter. CMA2 and a related compound, mithramycin, are known to have DNA interaction properties, possibly abrogating transcription factor binding to critical β cell gene promoters. We observed that CMA2 but not mithramycin suppressed expression of PDX1 and UCN3. However, neither expression of INSI/II nor insulin content was affected by chronic CMA2. The mechanisms of CMA2-induced insulin secretion defects may involve components both proximal and distal to Ca2+ influx. Therefore, CMA2 is an example of a chemical that can simultaneously disrupt β cell function through both noncytotoxic and cytotoxic mechanisms. Future therapeutic applications of CMA2 and similar aureolic acid analogues should consider their potential effects on pancreatic islet function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Kalwat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - In Hyun Hwang
- Department of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Jocelyn Macho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Magdalena G Grzemska
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jonathan Z Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Kathleen McGlynn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - John B MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Melanie H Cobb
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Isx9 Regulates Calbindin D28K Expression in Pancreatic β Cells and Promotes β Cell Survival and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092542. [PMID: 30150605 PMCID: PMC6165483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death contribute to the onset of diabetes, and novel strategies of β-cell function and survival under diabetogenic conditions need to be explored. We previously demonstrated that Isx9, a small molecule based on the isoxazole scaffold, drives neuroendocrine phenotypes by increasing the expression of genes required for β-cell function and improves glycemia in a model of β cell regeneration. We further investigated the role of Isx9 in β-cell survival. We find that Isx9 drives the expression of Calbindin-D28K (D28K), a key regulator of calcium homeostasis, and plays a cytoprotective role through its calcium buffering capacity in β cells. Isx9 increased the activity of the calcineurin (CN)/cytoplasmic nuclear factor of the activated T-cells (NFAT) transcription factor, a key regulator of D28K, and improved the recruitment of NFATc1, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and p300 to the D28K promoter. We found that nutrient stimulation increased D28K plasma membrane enrichment and modulated calcium channel activity in order to regulate glucose-induced insulin secretion. Isx9-mediated expression of D28K protected β cells against chronic stress induced by serum withdrawal or chronic inflammation by reducing caspase 3 activity. Consequently, Isx9 improved human islet function after transplantation in NOD-SCID mice in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. In summary, Isx9 significantly regulates expression of genes relevant to β cell survival and function, and may be an attractive therapy to treat diabetes and improve islet function post-transplantation.
Collapse
|
15
|
Katla J, Hazra B, Verma MS, Palakollu V, S N, Chandra M, Kanvah S. Donor-Acceptor Styrylisoxazoles: Solvatochromism and Large First Hyperpolarizability. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Katla
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar; Palaj Gandhinagar 382 355
| | - Bidhan Hazra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Kanpur Kanpur−208 016
| | - Mrigank Singh Verma
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Kanpur Kanpur−208 016
| | | | - Nagaraju S
- Department of Chemistry; National Institute of Technology; Warangal - 506004
| | - Manabendra Chandra
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Kanpur Kanpur−208 016
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar; Palaj Gandhinagar 382 355
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Small molecule-induced cellular fate reprogramming: promising road leading to Rome. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2018; 52:29-35. [PMID: 29857280 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cellular fate reprogramming holds great promise to generate functional cell types for replenishing new cells and restoring functional loss. Inspired by transcription factor-induced reprogramming, the field of cellular reprogramming has greatly advanced and developed into divergent streams of reprogramming approaches. Remarkably, increasing studies have shown the power and advantages of small molecule-based approaches for cellular fate reprogramming, which could overcome the limitations of conventional transgenic-based reprogramming. In this concise review, we discuss these findings and highlight the future potentiality with particular focus on this new trend of chemical reprogramming.
Collapse
|
17
|
Katla J, Kanvah S. Styrylisoxazole-based fluorescent probes for the detection of hydrogen sulfide. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2018; 17:42-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00331e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Styrylisoxazoles bearing a nitro group were utilized for detection of H2S through a reduction reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Katla
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar
- Gandhinagar 382355
- India
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar
- Gandhinagar 382355
- India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Recent advance in oxazole-based medicinal chemistry. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 144:444-492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
19
|
Ramezani S, Pordel M, Davoodnia A. Synthesis, spectral, DFT calculations and antibacterial studies of Fe(III) complexes of new fluorescent Schiff bases derived from imidazo[4',5':3,4]benzo[1,2‐
c
]isoxazole. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry, Mashhad BranchIslamic Azad University Mashhad Iran
| | - Mehdi Pordel
- Department of Chemistry, Mashhad BranchIslamic Azad University Mashhad Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sysak A, Obmińska-Mrukowicz B. Isoxazole ring as a useful scaffold in a search for new therapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 137:292-309. [PMID: 28605676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Due to its relatively easy synthesis, isoxazole ring has been as an object of interest for chemists and pharmacologists from research groups all over the world. Its chemical modifications include both connection of isoxazole with other aromatic, heteroaromatic or non aromatic rings and substitution with different alkyl groups. Thanks to their usually low cytotoxicity, isoxazole derivatives are still popular scaffolds for the development of new agents with variable biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticonvulsant or anti-diabetic properties. This review discusses the chemical structure of recently developed isoxazole derivatives with regards to their activity and potential therapeutic use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Sysak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Bożena Obmińska-Mrukowicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xu F, Kang WF, Wang XN, Zhu YY, Chen SX, Kong YJ, Fang SM. Hypervalent iodine-induced formation of 3,5-disubstituted isoxazoles via [3 + 2] cycloaddition of diynes with aldoximes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1907-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
22
|
Singh D, Devi N, Kumar V, Malakar CC, Mehra S, Rawal RK, Kaith BS, Singh V. Metal-free 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition approach towards the regioselective synthesis of β-carboline and isoxazole based molecular hybrids. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra15875g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has nourished β-carboline and isoxazole derivatives as privileged scaffolds and consequently they are ubiquitously found in alkaloids isolated from various sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmender Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar
- India
| | - Nisha Devi
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar
- India
| | - Vipin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar
- India
| | - Chandi C. Malakar
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology (NIT) Manipur
- Imphal 795004
- India
| | - Saloni Mehra
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences
- Amity University
- Noida
- India
| | - Ravindra K. Rawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy
- Moga 142001
- India
| | - B. S. Kaith
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar
- India
| | - Virender Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology (NIT) Jalandhar
- India
| |
Collapse
|