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Wenk D, Ignatchenko V, Macklin A, Hübner H, Gmeiner P, Weikert D, Pischetsrieder M, Kislinger T. Functionally selective activation of the dopamine receptor D 2 is mirrored by the protein expression profiles. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3501. [PMID: 33568753 PMCID: PMC7875989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of functionally selective or biased ligands is a promising approach towards drugs with less side effects. Biased ligands for G protein-coupled receptors can selectively induce G protein activation or β-arrestin recruitment. The consequences of this selective action on cellular functions, however, are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the impact of five biased and balanced dopamine D2 receptor agonists and antagonists on the global protein expression in HEK293T cells by untargeted nanoscale liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The proteome analysis detected 5290 protein groups. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis based on the expression levels of 1462 differential proteins led to a separation of antagonists and balanced agonist from the control treatment, while the biased ligands demonstrated larger similarities to the control. Functional analysis of affected proteins revealed that the antagonists haloperidol and sulpiride regulated exocytosis and peroxisome function. The balanced agonist quinpirole, but not the functionally selective agonists induced a downregulation of proteins involved in synaptic signaling. The β-arrestin-preferring agonist BM138, however, regulated several proteins related to neuron function and the dopamine receptor-mediated signaling pathway itself. The G protein-selective partial agonist MS308 influenced rather broad functional terms such as DNA processing and mitochondrial translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Wenk
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vladimir Ignatchenko
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Macklin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Harald Hübner
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Gmeiner
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dorothée Weikert
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Monika Pischetsrieder
- Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Kislinger
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Pérez-Isidoro R, Costas M. The effect of neuroleptic drugs on DPPC/sphingomyelin/cholesterol membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 229:104913. [PMID: 32335028 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The hydrophobic nature of neuroleptic drugs renders that these molecules interact not only with protein receptors, but also with the lipids constituting the membrane bilayer. We present a systematic study of the effect of seven neuroleptic drugs on a biomembrane model composed of DPPC, sphingomyelin, and cholesterol. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were used to monitor the gel-fluid phase transition of the lipid bilayer at three pH values and also as a function of drug concentration. The implementation of a new methodology to mix lipids homogeneously allowed us to assemble bilayers completely free of organic solvents. The seven neuroleptics were: trifluoperazine, haloperidol decanoate, clozapine, quetiapine, olanzapine, aripiprazole, and amisulpride. The DSC results show that the insertion of the drug into the bilayer produces a fluidization and a disordering of the bilayer. The bilayer perturbation is qualitatively the same for all the studied drugs, but quantitatively different. The driving force for the neuroleptic drug to place itself in the lipid bilayer is entropic in nature, signaling to the importance of the size and geometry of the drugs. The drug protonated species produce stronger effects than their non-protonated forms. At high concentrations two of the neuroleptics revert the fluidization effect and another completely abolishes the gel-fluid transition. The DSC data and the associated discussion contribute to the understanding of the interactions between neuroleptic drugs and lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pérez-Isidoro
- Laboratorio de Bio-fisicoquímica, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City 04510, Mexico.
| | - M Costas
- Laboratorio de Bio-fisicoquímica, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City 04510, Mexico.
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Sekhar GN, Fleckney AL, Boyanova ST, Rupawala H, Lo R, Wang H, Farag DB, Rahman KM, Broadstock M, Reeves S, Thomas SA. Region-specific blood-brain barrier transporter changes leads to increased sensitivity to amisulpride in Alzheimer's disease. Fluids Barriers CNS 2019; 16:38. [PMID: 31842924 PMCID: PMC6915870 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-019-0158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research into amisulpride use in Alzheimer's disease (AD) implicates blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in antipsychotic sensitivity. Research into BBB transporters has been mainly directed towards the ABC superfamily, however, solute carrier (SLC) function in AD has not been widely studied. This study tests the hypothesis that transporters for organic cations contribute to the BBB delivery of the antipsychotics (amisulpride and haloperidol) and is disrupted in AD. METHODS The accumulation of [3H]amisulpride (3.7-7.7 nM) and [3H]haloperidol (10 nM) in human (hCMEC/D3) and mouse (bEnd.3) brain endothelial cell lines was explored. Computational approaches examined molecular level interactions of both drugs with the SLC transporters [organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) and multi-drug and toxic compound extrusion proteins (MATE1)] and amisulpride with the ABC transporter (P-glycoprotein). The distribution of [3H]amisulpride in wildtype and 3×transgenic AD mice was examined using in situ brain perfusion experiments. Western blots determined transporter expression in mouse and human brain capillaries . RESULTS In vitro BBB and in silico transporter studies indicated that [3H]amisulpride and [3H]haloperidol were transported by the influx transporter, OCT1, and efflux transporters MATE1 and PMAT. Amisulpride did not have a strong interaction with OCTN1, OCTN2, P-gp, BCRP or MRP and could not be described as a substrate for these transporters. Amisulpride brain uptake was increased in AD mice compared to wildtype mice, but vascular space was unaffected. There were no measurable changes in the expression of MATE1, MATE2, PMAT OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, OCTN1, OCTN2 and P-gp in capillaries isolated from whole brain homogenates from the AD mice compared to wildtype mice. Although, PMAT and MATE1 expression was reduced in capillaries obtained from specific human brain regions (i.e. putamen and caudate) from AD cases (Braak stage V-VI) compared to age matched controls (Braak stage 0-II). CONCLUSIONS Together our research indicates that the increased sensitivity of individuals with Alzheimer's to amisulpride is related to previously unreported changes in function and expression of SLC transporters at the BBB (in particular PMAT and MATE1). Dose adjustments may be required for drugs that are substrates of these transporters when prescribing for individuals with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Nair Sekhar
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Alice L Fleckney
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Sevda Tomova Boyanova
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Huzefa Rupawala
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Rachel Lo
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Hao Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Doaa B Farag
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, 11431, Egypt
| | - Khondaker Miraz Rahman
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Martin Broadstock
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, Camberwell, London, SE5 9N, UK
| | - Suzanne Reeves
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Sarah Ann Thomas
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, Waterloo, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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