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Sahoo S, Pal S. Access to Dihydroquinazolinones, spiro‐Quinazolinones and their Bioactive Molecular Scaffolds by Exploring the Unique Reactivity of 2‐Nitrobenzonitrile towards Cu‐Hydrazine Hydrate. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Sahoo
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Arugul, Khordha Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050 India
| | - Shantanu Pal
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory School of Basic Sciences Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Arugul, Khordha Bhubaneswar, Odisha 752050 India
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2
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Phenyl Formate as a CO Surrogate for the Reductive Cyclization of Organic Nitro Compounds to Yield Different N-Heterocycles: No Need for Autoclaves and Pressurized Carbon Monoxide. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The reductive cyclization of different organic nitro compounds by carbon monoxide, catalyzed by transition metal complexes, is a very efficient and clean strategy for the synthesis of many N-heterocycles. However, its use requires the use of autoclaves and pressurized CO lines. In this perspective, the authors will present the results obtained in their laboratories on the use of phenyl formate as a convenient CO surrogate, able to liberate carbon monoxide under the reaction conditions and allowing the use of a cheap glass pressure tube as a reaction vessel. In most cases, yields were better than those previously reported by the use of pressurized CO, proving that the use of CO surrogates can be a viable alternative to the gaseous reagent.
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Mandal S, Pramanik A. Synthesis of Hydroxylated Polycyclic Pyrrolo/Indolo[1,2- a]quinoxaline-Fused Lactam Derivatives via PhI(OAc) 2-Promoted 1,2-Bond Migration and Solvent Insertion. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9282-9295. [PMID: 35786893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PhI(OAc)2-mediated ring expansion via 1,2-bond migration and concurrent solvent insertion generate hydroxylated polycyclic pyrrolo/indolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline-fused lactam derivatives in a highly diastereoselective fashion from spiro-fused quinoxalines in good-to-excellent yield. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that the polycyclic lactams are nonplanar molecules devoid of any symmetry as they possess one or two axially chiral biaryl or N-arylindolyl bridges along with one chiral center at the bridgehead carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhro Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Animesh Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A. P. C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
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Synthesis of Indoles by Palladium-Catalyzed Reductive Cyclization of β-Nitrostyrenes with Phenyl Formate as a CO Surrogate. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The reductive cyclization of suitably substituted organic nitro compounds by carbon monoxide is a very appealing technique for the synthesis of heterocycles because of its atom efficiency and easiness of separation of the only stoichiometric byproduct CO2, but the need for pressurized CO has hampered its diffusion. We have recently reported on the synthesis of indoles by reductive cyclization of o-nitrostyrenes using phenyl formate as a CO surrogate, using a palladium/1,10-phenanthroline complex as catalyst. However, depending on the desired substituents on the structure, the use of β-nitrostyrenes as alternative reagents may be advantageous. We report here the results of our study on the possibility to use phenyl formate as a CO surrogate in the synthesis of indoles by reductive cyclization of β-nitrostyrenes, using PdCl2(CH3CN)2 + phenanthroline as the catalyst. It turned out that good results can be obtained when the starting nitrostyrene bears an aryl substituent in the alpha position. However, when no such substituent is present, only fair yield of indole can be obtained because the base required to decompose the formate also catalyzes an oligo-polymerization of the starting styrene. The reaction can be performed in a single glass pressure tube, a cheap and easily available piece of equipment.
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Zheng Y, Dong M, Qu E, Bai J, Wu XF, Li W. Pd-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of 4H-Benzo[d][1,3]Oxazin-4-Ones Using Benzene-1,3,5-Triyl Triformate as the CO Source. Chemistry 2021; 27:16219-16224. [PMID: 34529291 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of 4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-one derivatives by Pd-catalyzed carbonylative cross-coupling between N-(ortho-bromoaryl)amides and benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate (TFBen) was developed. This procedure does not require the toxic and flammable gas CO as the carbonyl source and tolerates a wide scope of functional groups. Remarkably, 4H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-ones incorporated to natural products and drugs can be constructed by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengke Dong
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Erdong Qu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Bai
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023, Dalian, Liaoning, China.,Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Straβe 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wanfang Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093, Shanghai, China
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Ghosh T, Mandal I, Basak SJ, Dash J. Potassium tert-Butoxide Promoted Synthesis of Dihydroquinazolinones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14695-14704. [PMID: 34570509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We herein report an efficient synthetic protocol to access heterocyclic dihydroquinazolinones by a transition-metal-free process, involving the reaction of 2-aminobenzonitriles with aldehydes in the presence of KOtBu. The method is compatible with aromatic ketones providing 2,2-disubstituted dihydroquinazolinones in high yields. This reaction proceeds feasibly at room temperature and features a broad substrate scope and tolerance to a range of functional groups. The mechanism follows a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridev Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Indradip Mandal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Soumya Jyoti Basak
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Jyotirmayee Dash
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Yang H, Zhang J, Chen Z, Wu XF. TFBen (Benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate): A Powerful and Versatile CO Surrogate. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100220. [PMID: 34591367 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbonylative reactions by the using of CO surrogates constitute a facile avenue for the assembly of valuable carbonyl-containing compounds due to the colorless, toxic, flammable, and not easy-handing character of carbon monoxide gas. Recent advances in the carbonylative transformations with TFBen (benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate) as a safe and convenient CO precursor are systematically summarized and discussed, which can be divided into three parts based on the patterns of the obtained products. This Review focuses on the discussion of the application of TFBen in carbonylative synthesis of various carbonyl-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengkai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V., Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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Ahmed Fouad M, Ferretti F, Formenti D, Milani F, Ragaini F. Synthesis of Indoles by Reductive Cyclization of Nitro Compounds Using Formate Esters as CO Surrogates. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manar Ahmed Fouad
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University P.O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Francesco Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Dario Formenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie – RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1a 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Fabio Milani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
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Zhu WQ, Fang YC, Han WY, Li F, Yang MG, Chen YZ. Palladium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] annulation: access to chromone fused cyclopentanones with cyclopropenone as the CO source. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00222h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A variety of chromone fused cyclopentanones are efficiently generated in good to high yields via palladium-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 1] annulation, in which cyclopropenone was utilized for the first time as the sole CO surrogate in the carbonylation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Zhu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an Polytechnic University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Yu-Chen Fang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an Polytechnic University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563006
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563006
| | - Min-Ge Yang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Chemical Engineering Auxiliaries
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an Polytechnic University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563006
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Bokale-Shivale S, Amin MA, Sawant RT, Stevens MY, Turanli L, Hallberg A, Waghmode SB, Odell LR. Synthesis of substituted 3,4-dihydroquinazolinones via a metal free Leuckart-Wallach type reaction. RSC Adv 2020; 11:349-353. [PMID: 35423044 PMCID: PMC8691039 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10142g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The 3,4-dihydroquinazolinone (DHQ) moiety is a highly valued scaffold in medicinal chemistry due to the vast number of biologically-active compounds based on this core structure. Current synthetic methods to access these compounds are limited in terms of diversity and flexibility and often require the use of toxic reagents or expensive transition-metal catalysts. Herein, we describe the discovery and development of a novel cascade cyclization/Leuckart-Wallach type strategy to prepare substituted DHQs in a modular and efficient process using readily-available starting materials. Notably, the reaction requires only the addition of formic acid or acetic acid/formic acid and produces H2O, CO2 and methanol as the sole reaction byproducts. Overall, the reaction provides an attractive entry point into this important class of compounds and could even be extended to isotopic labelling via the site-selective incorporation of a deuterium atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvarna Bokale-Shivale
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University P. O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mohammad A Amin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University P. O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Rajiv T Sawant
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University P. O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marc Y Stevens
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University P. O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Lewend Turanli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University P. O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Adam Hallberg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University P. O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Suresh B Waghmode
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (formerly Pune University) Ganeshkhind Pune 411 007 India
| | - Luke R Odell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University P. O. Box 574 SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
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Chen Z, Wang LC, Wu XF. Carbonylative synthesis of heterocycles involving diverse CO surrogates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:6016-6030. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01504k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the carbonylative synthesis of heterocycles by using diverse CO surrogates as sources of CO are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Le-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- People's Republic of China
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. an der Universität Rostock
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