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Advantageous Reactivity of Unstable Metal Complexes: Potential Applications of Metal-Based Anticancer Drugs for Intratumoral Injections. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040790. [PMID: 35456624 PMCID: PMC9026487 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Injections of highly cytotoxic or immunomodulating drugs directly into the inoperable tumor is a procedure that is increasingly applied in the clinic and uses established Pt-based drugs. It is advantageous for less stable anticancer metal complexes that fail administration by the standard intravenous route. Such hydrophobic metal-containing complexes are rapidly taken up into cancer cells and cause cell death, while the release of their relatively non-toxic decomposition products into the blood has low systemic toxicity and, in some cases, may even be beneficial. This concept was recently proposed for V(V) complexes with hydrophobic organic ligands, but it can potentially be applied to other metal complexes, such as Ti(IV), Ga(III) and Ru(III) complexes, some of which were previously unsuccessful in human clinical trials when administered via intravenous injections. The potential beneficial effects include antidiabetic, neuroprotective and tissue-regenerating activities for V(V/IV); antimicrobial activities for Ga(III); and antimetastatic and potentially immunogenic activities for Ru(III). Utilizing organic ligands with limited stability under biological conditions, such as Schiff bases, further enhances the tuning of the reactivities of the metal complexes under the conditions of intratumoral injections. However, nanocarrier formulations are likely to be required for the delivery of unstable metal complexes into the tumor.
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Frei A, Ramu S, Lowe GJ, Dinh H, Semenec L, Elliott AG, Zuegg J, Deckers A, Jung N, Bräse S, Cain AK, Blaskovich MAT. Platinum Cyclooctadiene Complexes with Activity against Gram-positive Bacteria. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3165-3171. [PMID: 34018686 PMCID: PMC8596843 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a looming health crisis, and it is becoming increasingly clear that organic chemistry alone is not sufficient to continue to provide the world with novel and effective antibiotics. Recently there has been an increased number of reports describing promising antimicrobial properties of metal-containing compounds. Platinum complexes are well known in the field of inorganic medicinal chemistry for their tremendous success as anticancer agents. Here we report on the promising antibacterial properties of platinum cyclooctadiene (COD) complexes. Amongst the 15 compounds studied, the simplest compounds Pt(COD)X2 (X=Cl, I, Pt1 and Pt2) showed excellent activity against a panel of Gram-positive bacteria including vancomycin and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the lead compounds show no toxicity against mammalian cells or haemolytic properties at the highest tested concentrations, indicating that the observed activity is specific against bacteria. Finally, these compounds showed no toxicity against Galleria mellonella at the highest measured concentrations. However, preliminary efficacy studies in the same animal model found no decrease in bacterial load upon treatment with Pt1 and Pt2. Serum exchange studies suggest that these compounds exhibit high serum binding which reduces their bioavailability in vivo, mandating alternative administration routes such as e. g. topical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Frei
- Centre for Superbug SolutionsInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaQLD 4072Australia
| | - Soumya Ramu
- Centre for Superbug SolutionsInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaQLD 4072Australia
| | - Gabrielle J. Lowe
- Centre for Superbug SolutionsInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaQLD 4072Australia
| | - Hue Dinh
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic BiologyDepartment of Molecular SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Lucie Semenec
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic BiologyDepartment of Molecular SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Alysha G. Elliott
- Centre for Superbug SolutionsInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaQLD 4072Australia
| | - Johannes Zuegg
- Centre for Superbug SolutionsInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaQLD 4072Australia
| | - Anke Deckers
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 676131KarlsruheGermany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Amy K. Cain
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic BiologyDepartment of Molecular SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Mark A. T. Blaskovich
- Centre for Superbug SolutionsInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandSt. LuciaQLD 4072Australia
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Müller A, Fessele C, Zuber F, Rottmar M, Maniura-Weber K, Ren Q, Guex AG. Gallium Complex-Functionalized P4HB Fibers: A Trojan Horse to Fight Bacterial Infection. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Müller
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Fessele
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Zuber
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Markus Rottmar
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Maniura-Weber
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Qun Ren
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Anne Géraldine Guex
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Best MG, Cunha-Reis C, Ganin AY, Sousa A, Johnston J, Oliveira AL, Smith DGE, Yiu HHP, Cooper IR. Antimicrobial Properties of Gallium(III)- and Iron(III)-Loaded Polysaccharides Affecting the Growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, In Vitro. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7589-7597. [PMID: 35019499 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global concern as many bacterial species have developed resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics, making them ineffective to treatments. One type of antibiotics, gallium(III) compounds, stands out as possible candidates due to their unique "Trojan horse" mechanism to tackle bacterial growth, by substituting iron(III) in the metabolic cycles of bacteria. In this study, we tested three polysaccharides (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), alginate, and pectin) as the binding and delivery agent for gallium on three bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus) with a potential bioresponsive delivery mode. Two types of analysis on bacterial growth (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC)) were carried out while iron(III)-loaded polysaccharide samples were also tested for comparison. The results suggested that gallium showed an improved inhibitory activity on bacterial growth, in particular gallium(III)-loaded carboxymethyl cellulose (Ga-CMC) sample showing an inhibiting effect on growth for all three tested bacteria. At the MIC for all three bacteria, Ga-CMC showed no cytotoxicity effect on human dermal neonatal fibroblasts (HDNF). Therefore, these bioresponsive gallium(III) polysaccharide compounds show significant potential to be developed as the next-generation antibacterial agents with controlled release capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Best
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Cassilda Cunha-Reis
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. de Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexey Y Ganin
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
| | - Aureliana Sousa
- 1i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jenna Johnston
- Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Ana L Oliveira
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. de Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - David G E Smith
- The Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and. Bioengineering (IB3), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Humphrey H P Yiu
- Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - Ian R Cooper
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
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