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Lefranc M, Accoceberry I, Fitton-Ouhabi V, Biteau N, Noël T. Rapamycin and caspofungin show synergistic antifungal effects in caspofungin-susceptible and caspofungin-resistant Candida strains in vitro. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:151-156. [PMID: 37991226 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Caspofungin is an echinocandin antifungal agent that inhibits synthesis of glucan required for the fungal cell wall. Resistance is mediated by mutation of Fks1 glucan synthase, among which S645P is the most common resistance-associated polymorphism. Rapamycin is a macrolide that inhibits the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein kinase activity. This study investigated the interaction between rapamycin and caspofungin in inhibiting the growth of WT Candida albicans and Fks1 S645P mutant clinical isolate, and WT Candida lusitaniae and genetically engineered isogenic strain with Fks1 S645P mutation at equivalent position. METHODS Interactions between caspofungin and rapamycin were evaluated using the microdilution chequerboard method in liquid medium. The results were analysed using the Loewe additivity model (FIC index, FICI) and the Bliss independence model (response surface, RS, analysis). RESULTS Synergy between rapamycin and caspofungin was shown for C. albicans and C. lusitaniae strains by RS analysis of the chequerboard tests. Synergy was observed in strains susceptible and resistant to caspofungin. Weak subinhibitory concentrations of rapamycin were sufficient to restore caspofungin susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS We report here, for the first time, synergy between caspofungin and rapamycin in Candida species. Synergy was shown for strains susceptible and resistant to caspofungin. This study highlights the possible implication of the TOR pathway in sensing antifungal-mediated cell wall stress and in modulating the cellular response to echinocandins in Candida yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Lefranc
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, CHU Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Accoceberry
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, CHU Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Fitton-Ouhabi
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Biteau
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Thierry Noël
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, UMR 5234, 33000 Bordeaux, France
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Tafti A, Shojaei S, Zali H, Karima S, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Mondanizadeh M. A systems biology approach and in vitro experiment indicated Rapamycin targets key cancer and cell cycle-related genes and miRNAs in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:1960-1973. [PMID: 37787375 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
An anticancer drug known as Rapamycin acts by inhibiting the mammalian target of the Rapamycin pathway. This agent has recently been investigated for its potential therapeutic benefits in sensitizing drug-resistant breast cancer (BC) treatment. The molecular mechanism underlying these effects, however, is still a mystery. Using a systems biology method and in vitro experiment, this study sought to discover essential genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) targeted by Rapamycin in triple-negative BC (TNBC) cells to aid prospective new medications with less adverse effects in BC treatment. We developed the transcription factor-miRNA-gene and protein-protein interaction networks using the freely accessible microarray data sets. FANMOD and MCODE were utilized to identify critical regulatory motifs, clusters, and seeds. Then, functional enrichment analyses were conducted. Using topological analysis and motif detection, the most important genes and miRNAs were discovered. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to examine the effect of Rapamycin on the expression of the selected genes and miRNAs to verify our findings. We performed flow cytometry to investigate Rapamycin's impact on cell cycle and apoptosis. Furthermore, wound healing and migration assays were done. Three downregulated (PTGS2, EGFR, VEGFA) and three upregulated (c-MYC, MAPK1, PIK3R1) genes were chosen as candidates for additional experimental verification. There were also three upregulated miRNAs (miR-92a, miR-16, miR-20a) and three downregulated miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-145, miR-27a) among the six selected miRNAs. The qRT-PCR findings in MDA-MB-231 cells indicated that c-MYC, MAPK1, PIK3R1, miR-92a, miR-16, and miR-20a expression levels were considerably elevated following Rapamycin treatment, whereas PTGS2, EGFR, VEGFA, miR-146a, and miR-145 expression levels were dramatically lowered (p < 0.05). These genes are engaged in cancer pathways, transcriptional dysregulation in cancer, and cell cycle, according to the top pathway enrichment findings. Migration and wound healing abilities of the cells declined after Rapamycin treatment, and the number of apoptotic cells increased. We demonstrated that Rapamycin suppresses cell migration and metastasis in the TNBC cell line. In addition, our data indicated that Rapamycin induces apoptosis in this cell line. The discovered vital genes and miRNAs affected by Rapamycin are anticipated to have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of TNBC and its therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tafti
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Samaneh Shojaei
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Karima
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Mondanizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Bohner F, Papp C, Takacs T, Varga M, Szekeres A, Nosanchuk JD, Vágvölgyi C, Tóth R, Gacser A. Acquired Triazole Resistance Alters Pathogenicity-Associated Features in Candida auris in an Isolate-Dependent Manner. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1148. [PMID: 38132749 PMCID: PMC10744493 DOI: 10.3390/jof9121148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluconazole resistance is commonly encountered in Candida auris, and the yeast frequently displays resistance to other standard drugs, which severely limits the number of effective therapeutic agents against this emerging pathogen. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of acquired azole resistance on the viability, stress response, and virulence of this species. Fluconazole-, posaconazole-, and voriconazole- resistant strains were generated from two susceptible C. auris clinical isolates (0381, 0387) and compared under various conditions. Several evolved strains became pan-azole-resistant, as well as echinocandin-cross-resistant. While being pan-azole-resistant, the 0381-derived posaconazole-evolved strain colonized brain tissue more efficiently than any other strain, suggesting that fitness cost is not necessarily a consequence of resistance development in C. auris. All 0387-derived evolved strains carried a loss of function mutation (R160S) in BCY1, an inhibitor of the PKA pathway. Sequencing data also revealed that posaconazole treatment can result in ERG3 mutation in C. auris. Despite using the same mechanisms to generate the evolved strains, both genotype and phenotype analysis highlighted that the development of resistance was unique for each strain. Our data suggest that C. auris triazole resistance development is a highly complex process, initiated by several pleiotropic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Bohner
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Csaba Papp
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Tamas Takacs
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Mónika Varga
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
| | - András Szekeres
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Joshua D. Nosanchuk
- Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Renáta Tóth
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Attila Gacser
- Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary; (F.B.); (C.P.); (T.T.); (M.V.); (A.S.); (C.V.)
- HCEMM-USZ Fungal Pathogens Research Group, Department of Microbiology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
- HUN-REN-USZ Pathomechanisms of Fungal Infections Research Group, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Munzen ME, Goncalves Garcia AD, Martinez LR. An update on the global treatment of invasive fungal infections. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1095-1117. [PMID: 37750748 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections are a serious problem affecting many people worldwide, creating critical economic and medical consequences. Fungi are ubiquitous and can cause invasive diseases in individuals mostly living in developing countries or with weakened immune systems, and antifungal drugs currently available have important limitations in tolerability and efficacy. In an effort to counteract the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with invasive fungal infections, various approaches are being utilized to discover and develop new antifungal agents. This review discusses the challenges posed by fungal infections, outlines different methods for developing antifungal drugs and reports on the status of drugs currently in clinical trials, which offer hope for combating this serious global problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa E Munzen
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | - Luis R Martinez
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Center for Immunology and Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Dumeaux V, Massahi S, Bettauer V, Mottola A, Dukovny A, Khurdia SS, Costa ACBP, Omran RP, Simpson S, Xie JL, Whiteway M, Berman J, Hallett MT. Candida albicans exhibits heterogeneous and adaptive cytoprotective responses to antifungal compounds. eLife 2023; 12:e81406. [PMID: 37888959 PMCID: PMC10699808 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans, an opportunistic human pathogen, poses a significant threat to human health and is associated with significant socio-economic burden. Current antifungal treatments fail, at least in part, because C. albicans can initiate a strong drug tolerance response that allows some cells to grow at drug concentrations above their minimal inhibitory concentration. To better characterize this cytoprotective tolerance program at the molecular single-cell level, we used a nanoliter droplet-based transcriptomics platform to profile thousands of individual fungal cells and establish their subpopulation characteristics in the absence and presence of antifungal drugs. Profiles of untreated cells exhibit heterogeneous expression that correlates with cell cycle stage with distinct metabolic and stress responses. At 2 days post-fluconazole exposure (a time when tolerance is measurable), surviving cells bifurcate into two major subpopulations: one characterized by the upregulation of genes encoding ribosomal proteins, rRNA processing machinery, and mitochondrial cellular respiration capacity, termed the Ribo-dominant (Rd) state; and the other enriched for genes encoding stress responses and related processes, termed the Stress-dominant (Sd) state. This bifurcation persists at 3 and 6 days post-treatment. We provide evidence that the ribosome assembly stress response (RASTR) is activated in these subpopulations and may facilitate cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Dumeaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Samira Massahi
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Van Bettauer
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Austin Mottola
- Shmunis School of Biomedical and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Anna Dukovny
- Shmunis School of Biomedical and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Shawn Simpson
- Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jinglin Lucy Xie
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, United States
| | | | - Judith Berman
- Shmunis School of Biomedical and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
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Mhlongo JT, Waddad AY, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. Antimicrobial Peptide Synergies for Fighting Infectious Diseases. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300472. [PMID: 37407512 PMCID: PMC10502873 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential elements of thehost defense system. Characterized by heterogenous structures and broad-spectrumaction, they are promising candidates for combating multidrug resistance. Thecombined use of AMPs with other antimicrobial agents provides a new arsenal ofdrugs with synergistic action, thereby overcoming the drawback of monotherapiesduring infections. AMPs kill microbes via pore formation, thus inhibitingintracellular functions. This mechanism of action by AMPs is an advantage overantibiotics as it hinders the development of drug resistance. The synergisticeffect of AMPs will allow the repurposing of conventional antimicrobials andenhance their clinical outcomes, reduce toxicity, and, most significantly,prevent the development of resistance. In this review, various synergies ofAMPs with antimicrobials and miscellaneous agents are discussed. The effect ofstructural diversity and chemical modification on AMP properties is firstaddressed and then different combinations that can lead to synergistic action,whether this combination is between AMPs and antimicrobials, or AMPs andmiscellaneous compounds, are attended. This review can serve as guidance whenredesigning and repurposing the use of AMPs in combination with other antimicrobialagents for enhanced clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica T. Mhlongo
- KwaZulu‐Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP)School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurban4041South Africa
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
| | - Ayman Y. Waddad
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science LaboratorySchool of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalWestvilleDurban4000South Africa
- CIBER‐BBNNetworking Centre on BioengineeringBiomaterials and Nanomedicineand Department of Organic ChemistryUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona08028Spain
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KwaZulu‐Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP)School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurban4041South Africa
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Characterization and Evaluation of Rapamycin-Loaded Nano-Micelle Ophthalmic Solution. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14010049. [PMID: 36662096 PMCID: PMC9862165 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin-loaded nano-micelle ophthalmic solution (RAPA-NM) offers a promising application for preventing corneal allograft rejection; however, RAPA-NM has not yet been fully characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and underlying mechanism of RAPA-NM in inhibiting corneal allograft rejection. An optimized RAPA-NM was successfully prepared using a polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol (PVCL-PVA-PEG) graft copolymer as the excipient at a PVCL-PVA-PEG/RAPA weight ratio of 18:1. This formulation exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (99.25 ± 0.55%), small micelle size (64.42 ± 1.18 nm), uniform size distribution (polydispersity index = 0.076 ± 0.016), and a zeta potential of 1.67 ± 0.93 mV. The storage stability test showed that RAPA-NM could be stored steadily for 12 weeks. RAPA-NM also displayed satisfactory cytocompatibility and high membrane permeability. Moreover, topical administration of RAPA-NM could effectively prevent corneal allograft rejection. Mechanistically, a transcriptomic analysis revealed that several immune- and inflammation-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly enriched in the downregulated genes in the RAPA-NM-treated allografts compared with the rejected allogenic corneal grafts. Taken together, these findings highlight the potential of RAPA-NM in treating corneal allograft rejection and other ocular inflammatory diseases.
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Ma H, Yang L, Tian Z, Zhu L, Peng J, Fu P, Xiu J, Guo G. Antimicrobial peptide AMP-17 exerts anti-Candida albicans effects through ROS-mediated apoptosis and necrosis. INTERNATIONAL MICROBIOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SPANISH SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY 2023; 26:81-90. [PMID: 36056293 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-022-00274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for new anti-Candida albicans (C. albicans) drugs owing to the emergence of drug resistance in recent years. AMP-17, an antimicrobial peptide from Musca domestica (M. domestica), is known to be an effective inhibitor of many fungal pathogens, including C. albicans. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism underlying the anti-C. albicans effects of AMP-17 using flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescent probes, fluorescence microplate reader, and confocal laser microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy showed that, following AMP-17 treatment, the shape of C. albicans cells became irregular, and vacuoles could be seen in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, AMP-17 treatment resulted in an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and changes in the cell cycle, leading to the apoptosis and necrosis, which ultimately contributed to the death of C. albicans cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Ma
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Longbing Yang
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhuqing Tian
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jian Peng
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ping Fu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - JiangFan Xiu
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Guo Guo
- The Key and Characteristic Laboratory of Modern Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China. .,Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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9
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An L, Jia G, Tan J, Yang L, Wang Y, Li L. Analysis of the synergistic antifungal activity of everolimus and antifungal drugs against dematiaceous fungi. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1131416. [PMID: 36909734 PMCID: PMC9996166 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1131416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a form of chronic mycosis that affects the skin and mucous membranes and is caused by species of dematiaceous fungi including Exophiala spp., Phialophora spp., and Fonsecaea spp. The persistence of this disease and limitations associated with single-drug treatment have complicated efforts to adequately manage this condition. Methods In this study, a microdilution assay was used to explore the synergistic antifungal activity of everolimus (EVL) in combination with itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), posaconazole (POS), and amphotericin B (AMB) against a range of clinical dematiaceous fungal isolates. Results These analyses revealed that the EVL+POS and EVL+ITC exhibited superior in vitro synergistic efficacy, respectively inhibiting the growth of 64% (14/22) and 59% (13/22) of tested strains. In contrast, the growth of just 9% (2/22) of tested strains was inhibited by a combination of EVL+AMB, and no synergistic efficacy was observed for the combination of EVL+VRC. Discussion Overall, these findings indicate that EVL holds promise as a novel drug that can be synergistically combined with extant antifungal drugs to improve their efficacy, thereby aiding in the treatment of CBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu An
- Department of Medical Mycology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengpei Jia
- Department of General Medicine, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jingwen Tan
- Department of Medical Mycology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianjuan Yang
- Department of Medical Mycology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuemei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shibei Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shibei Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Li,
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Wang H, Zhang R, Ma B, Wang W, Yu C, Han J, Zhu L, Zhang X, Dai H, Liu H, Chen B. Japonamides A and B, Two New Cyclohexadepsipeptides from the Marine-Sponge-Derived Fungus Aspergillus japonicus and Their Synergistic Antifungal Activities. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8101058. [PMID: 36294623 PMCID: PMC9605600 DOI: 10.3390/jof8101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new cyclohexadepsipeptides japonamides A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a marine-sponge-derived fungus Aspergillus japonicus based on molecular networking. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectral analysis and their absolute configurations were confirmed by Marfey's method. Compounds 1 and 2 showed no antifungal activities against Candida albicans SC5314 measured by the broth microdilution method but exhibited prominent synergistic antifungal activities in combination with fluconazole, ketoconazole, or rapamycin. The Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of rapamycin, fluconazole, and ketoconazole were significantly decreased from 0.5 to 0.002 μM, from 0.25 to 0.063 μM, and from 0.016 to 0.002 μM, in the presence of compounds 1 or 2 at 3.125 μM, 12.5 μM, and 6.25 μM, respectively. Surprisingly, the combination of compounds 1 or 2 with rapamycin showed a strong synergistic effect, with fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values of 0.03.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ben Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenzhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chong Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Junjie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huanqin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (B.C.)
| | - Baosong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (B.C.)
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Cyclic Tetrapeptides with Synergistic Antifungal Activity from the Fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiae Using LC-MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020166. [PMID: 35203768 PMCID: PMC8868193 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal natural products play a prominent role in the development of pharmaceuticalagents. Two new cyclic tetrapeptides (CTPs), westertide A (1) and B (2), with eight known compounds (3–10) were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus westerdijkiae guided by OSMAC (one strain-many compounds) and molecular networking strategies. The structures of new compounds were unambiguously determined by a combination of NMR and mass data analysis, and chemical methods. All of the isolates were evaluated for antimicrobial effects, synergistic antifungal activity, cytotoxic activity, and HDAC inhibitory activity. Compounds 1–2 showed synergistic antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC5314 with the presence of rapamycin and weak HDAC (histone deacetylase) inhibitory activity. These results indicate that molecular networking is an efficient approach for dereplication and identification of new CTPs. CTPs might be a good starting point for the development of synergistic antifungal agents.
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