1
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Robinson AM, Xia Y. Regioisomeric Spirobifluorene CANAL Ladder Polymers and Their Gas Separation Performance. ACS Macro Lett 2024:118-123. [PMID: 38193743 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
We synthesized and characterized two isomeric microporous hydrocarbon ladder polymers from catalytic arene norbornene annulation (CANAL) of regioisomeric bis-norbornene fused spirobifluorenes, where the ladder chains are connected either through the same fluorene unit or across two different fluorene units in spirobifluorene. This pair of isomeric polymers was used to investigate the effect of ladder macromolecular structures on the microporosity and transport properties. Both polymers form mechanically intact films with thermal stability up to 480 °C and relatively high BET surface areas. The polymer formed from 2,7-dibromospirobifluorene showed higher BET surface area and higher gas permeability than the polymer from 2,2'-dibromospirobifluorene despite similar intersegmental spacing as indicated by X-ray scattering. The aging behavior for both polymers followed the same trend as the previously reported CANAL-fluorene polymers, with dramatically increased permselectivities over time, resulting in gas separation performance above the 2008 upper bounds for H2/CH4 and O2/N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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2
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Zhu X, Liu F, Ba X, Wu Y. Tandem Suzuki Polymerization/Heck Cyclization Reaction to Form Ladder-Type 9,9'-Bifluorenylidene-Based Conjugated Polymer. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3360. [PMID: 37631417 PMCID: PMC10458247 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of ladder-type 9,9'-bifluorenylidene-based conjugated polymer is reported. Unlike the typical synthetic strategy, the new designed ladder-type conjugated polymer is achieved via tandem Suzuki polymerization/Heck cyclization reaction in one-pot. In the preparation process, Suzuki polymerization reaction occurred first and then the intramolecular Heck cyclization followed smoothly under the same catalyst Pd(PPh3)4. The model reaction proved that the introduction of iodine (I) for this tandem reaction can effectively control the sequential bond-forming process and inhibit the additional competitive side reactions. Thus, small-molecule model compounds could be obtained in high yields. The successes of the synthesized small molecule and polymer compounds indicate that the Pd-catalyzed tandem reaction may be an effective strategy for improving extended π-conjugated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (X.Z.); (X.B.)
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xinwu Ba
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (X.Z.); (X.B.)
| | - Yonggang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (X.Z.); (X.B.)
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3
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Solution-processable Amorphous Microporous Polymers for Membrane Applications. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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4
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Zhang M, Miao J, Xu Y, Wang Z, Yan J. Colorless Polyimides from Fluorinated Ladder Diamines Containing Norbornyl Benzocyclobutene Segments. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jie Miao
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201, China
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yuanzhen Xu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Jingling Yan
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo 315201, China
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5
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Lai HWH, Benedetti FM, Ahn JM, Robinson AM, Wang Y, Pinnau I, Smith ZP, Xia Y. Hydrocarbon ladder polymers with ultrahigh permselectivity for membrane gas separations. Science 2022; 375:1390-1392. [PMID: 35324307 DOI: 10.1126/science.abl7163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Membranes have the potential to substantially reduce energy consumption of industrial chemical separations, but their implementation has been limited owing to a performance upper bound-the trade-off between permeability and selectivity. Although recent developments of highly permeable polymer membranes have advanced the upper bounds for various gas pairs, these polymers typically exhibit limited selectivity. We report a class of hydrocarbon ladder polymers that can achieve both high selectivity and high permeability in membrane separations for many industrially relevant gas mixtures. Additionally, their corresponding films exhibit desirable mechanical and thermal properties. Tuning of the ladder polymer backbone configuration was found to have a profound effect on separation performance and aging behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holden W H Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Francesco M Benedetti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jun Myun Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ashley M Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yingge Wang
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Chemical Engineering Program, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ingo Pinnau
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Chemical Engineering Program, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zachary P Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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6
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Jeong S, Joo JM. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Divergent C-H Functionalization of Five-Membered Heteroarenes. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:4518-4529. [PMID: 34886664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Conversion of common reactants to diverse products is a key objective of organic syntheses. Recent developments in transition-metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization have increased the interest in such conversions. Both the position of functionalization and the type of the substituent can be varied, allowing systematic diversification of common structural cores. Because five-membered heteroarenes (pyrazole, imidazole, thiazole, pyrrole, and thiophene) are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals and organic functional materials, the selective C-H functionalization of these heterocyclic cores facilitates both the optimization of their physicochemical properties and streamlining of their preparation. In addition, the parent forms of these heterocycles are more readily available and inexpensive than any other derivatives of their families. Hence, their nondirected C-H functionalization is highly desirable. Although various regioselective reactions have been developed, many of them target the most reactive site; hence, except for some extensively studied arylation reactions, regiodivergent functionalization of two or more sites has been limited.This Account summarizes our work on the regiodivergent, nondirected C-H functionalization of five-membered heteroarenes with alkenes and alkynes. These unsaturated hydrocarbons are readily available, and all the composing atoms can be incorporated into products with high atom efficiency. Furthermore, the installed alkenyl groups can be transformed to other useful functional groups. To achieve comparable selectivity to that observed in the traditional reactions of these heteroarenes with highly electrophilic reagents and strong bases, a transition metal catalytic system was carefully devised with a more streamlined synthesis. A judicious choice of metals, ligands, acid and base additives, and solvents orchestrates divergent transformations using electronic and steric effects of the heteroarenes. Although C-H cleavage is a rate- and site-selectivity-determining step in most cases, the subsequent steps involving the formation of C-C bonds are often more critical than the other steps. For the C-H cleavage step, modulating the electronic properties of catalysts to make them electrophilic allows preferential alkenylation at the nucleophilic position. In addition, the presence of an internal base that can be exploited for concerted metalation-deprotonation of the acidic C-H bond offers alternative regioselectivity. Furthermore, we developed our own ligand system based on a conformationally rigid pyrazolonaphthyridine scaffold that enables aerobic C-H alkenylation reactions with steric control. We showed that the electronic and steric effects of heteroarenes can be further extended to chemodivergent reactions with norbornene derivatives. Depending on whether the palladacycle is formed, heteroarenes selectively undergo 1:2 annulation with norbornene derivatives and three-component reactions with other azoles through the Pd-norbornene adducts or Catellani and 2:1 annulation reactions through the palladacycle intermediates.Other research groups have also contributed to the development of divergent reactions, in investigations ranging from the pioneering studies in the early days of research on C-H functionalization to recent studies with new ligands. We have also discussed these studies in context. These approaches provide access to many heteroarenes with systematically varied substituents. We believe that new ligand systems and mechanistic insights gained through these studies will enrich fields beyond C-H functionalization of five-membered heteroarenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyeon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Joo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
| | | | - Yellaiah Tangella
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400 076 India
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8
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Chen Z, Ding M, Jiang H, Zhang F. Palladium-catalyzed cyclobutenation of aryl chlorides with norbornenes. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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9
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Alentiev DA, Bermeshev MV. Design and Synthesis of Porous Organic Polymeric Materials from Norbornene Derivatives. POLYM REV 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2021.1933026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Alentiev
- Laboratory of Organosilicon and Carbocyclic Compounds, A.V. Topchiev Institute of petrochemical synthesis, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, D.I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim V. Bermeshev
- Laboratory of Organosilicon and Carbocyclic Compounds, A.V. Topchiev Institute of petrochemical synthesis, Moscow, Russia
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10
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Mizrahi Rodriguez K, Lin S, Wu AX, Han G, Teesdale JJ, Doherty CM, Smith ZP. Leveraging Free Volume Manipulation to Improve the Membrane Separation Performance of Amine-Functionalized PIM-1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6593-6599. [PMID: 33278319 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gas-separation polymer membranes display a characteristic permeability-selectivity trade-off that has limited their industrial use. The most comprehensive approach to improving performance is to devise strategies that simultaneously increase fractional free volume, narrow free volume distribution, and enhance sorption selectivity, but generalizable methods for such approaches are exceedingly rare. Here, we present an in situ crosslinking and solid-state deprotection method to access previously inaccessible sorption and diffusion characteristics in amine-functionalized polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Free volume element (FVE) size can be increased while preserving a narrow FVE distribution, enabling below-upper bound polymers to surpass the H2 /N2 , H2 /CH4 , and O2 /N2 upper bounds and improving CO2 -based selectivities by 200 %. This approach can transform polymers into chemical analogues with improved performance, thereby overcoming traditional permeability-selectivity trade-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Mizrahi Rodriguez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sharon Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Albert X Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Justin J Teesdale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Cara M Doherty
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Private Bag 10, Clayton South, Victoria, 3169, Australia
| | - Zachary P Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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11
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Mizrahi Rodriguez K, Lin S, Wu AX, Han G, Teesdale JJ, Doherty CM, Smith ZP. Leveraging Free Volume Manipulation to Improve the Membrane Separation Performance of Amine‐Functionalized PIM‐1. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Mizrahi Rodriguez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Sharon Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Albert X. Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Justin J. Teesdale
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Cara M. Doherty
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Private Bag 10 Clayton South Victoria 3169 Australia
| | - Zachary P. Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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12
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Abstract
Pseudo-ladder polymers composed of stiff ladder and reversibly photocleavable backbone linkages and their graft copolymers have been synthesized. Micelles constructed from the graft copolymers exhibited growth in their sizes upon photoirradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ji
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Minami Oka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Satoshi Honda
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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13
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Jeong S, Kim E, Kim M, Hwang YJ, Padhi B, Choi J, Lee Y, Joo JM. Divergent Strategies for the π-Extension of Heteroaryl Halides Using Norbornadiene as an Acetylene Synthon. Org Lett 2020; 22:9670-9676. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyeon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Ji Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Birakishore Padhi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Joo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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14
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Uddin A, Plunkett KN. Donor‐acceptor
copolymers from cyclopentannulation polymerizations with dicyclopenta[cd,jk]pyrene and dicyclopenta[cd,lm] perylene acceptors. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ain Uddin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale Illinois USA
| | - Kyle N. Plunkett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Southern Illinois University Carbondale Illinois USA
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15
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16
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Leibham AM, Xia Y. Catalytic Arene (oxa)Norbornene Annulation (CANAL). TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Ma X, Lai HWH, Wang Y, Alhazmi A, Xia Y, Pinnau I. Facile Synthesis and Study of Microporous Catalytic Arene-Norbornene Annulation-Tröger's Base Ladder Polymers for Membrane Air Separation. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:680-685. [PMID: 35648573 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report the facile synthesis and study of two soluble microporous ladder polymers, CANAL-TBs, by combining catalytic arene-norbornene annulation (CANAL) and Tröger's base (TB) formation. The polymers were synthesized in two steps from commercially available chemicals in high yields. CANAL-TBs easily formed mechanically robust films, were thermally stable up to 440 °C, and exhibited very high Brunauer-Teller-Emmett surface areas of 900-1000 m2 g-1. The gas separation performance of the CANAL-TBs for the O2/N2 pair is located between the 2008 and 2015 permeability/selectivity upper bounds. After 300 days of aging, CANAL-TBs still exhibited O2 permeability of 200-500 barrer with O2/N2 selectivity of about 5. The polymer with more methyl substituents exhibited higher permeability and slightly larger intersegmental spacing as revealed by WAXS, presumably due to more frustrated chain packing. The facile synthesis, excellent mechanical properties, and promising air separation performance of the CANAL-TB polymers make them attractive membrane materials for various air separation applications, such as aircraft on-board nitrogen generation and oxygen enrichment for combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Ma
- Functional Polymer Membranes Group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, KSA
| | - Holden W. H. Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yingge Wang
- Functional Polymer Membranes Group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, KSA
| | - Abdulrahman Alhazmi
- Functional Polymer Membranes Group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, KSA
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ingo Pinnau
- Functional Polymer Membranes Group, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Division of Physical Science and Engineering, Chemical Engineering Program, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, KSA
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18
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Zhu Z, Zhu J, Li J, Ma X. Enhanced Gas Separation Properties of Tröger’s Base Polymer Membranes Derived from Pure Triptycene Diamine Regioisomers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Membrane Science and Technology, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Membrane Science and Technology, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Membrane Science and Technology, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, National Center for International Joint Research on Membrane Science and Technology, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China
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19
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Hu X, Mu H, Miao J, Lu Y, Wang X, Meng X, Wang Z, Yan J. Synthesis and gas separation performance of intrinsically microporous polyimides derived from sterically hindered binaphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00594k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsically microporous polyimides with high gas permeability and favorable selectivity were prepared from a bulky, rigid, and sterically hindered dianhydride, 3,3′-di-t-butyl-2,2′-dimethoxy-[1,1′-binaphthalene]-6,6′,7,7′,-tetracarboxylic dianhydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Hu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Hongliang Mu
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun 130022
- China
| | - Jie Miao
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
| | - Yao Lu
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Xiangsheng Meng
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
| | - Jingling Yan
- Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Ningbo 315201
- China
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20
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Teo YC, Lai HWH, Xia Y. Arm-degradable star polymers with crosslinked ladder-motif cores as a route to soluble microporous nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01060b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Star polymers were synthesized via cores crosslinking of (macro)molecular ladder motifs and converted to microporous polymer particles after arm degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yew Chin Teo
- Department of Chemistry
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
| | | | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry
- Stanford University
- Stanford
- USA
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21
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Inoue K, Ishiwari F, Fukushima T. Selective synthesis of diazacyclooctane -containing flexible ladder polymers with symmetrically or unsymmetrically substituted side chains. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00603c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a versatile synthetic method for selectively obtaining symmetrical or unsymmetrical N,N′-dialkylated DACO-containing flexible ladder polymers with various functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiki Inoue
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Fumitaka Ishiwari
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science
- Institute of Innovative Research
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
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22
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Padhi B, Kang G, Kim E, Ha J, Kim HT, Lim J, Joo JM. Pd-Catalyzed C–H Annulation of Five-Membered Heteroaryl Halides with Norbornene Derivatives. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Birakishore Padhi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunhee Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Ha
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Tae Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Joo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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23
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Usman M, Ahmed A, Yu B, Peng Q, Shen Y, Cong H. A review of different synthetic approaches of amorphous intrinsic microporous polymers and their potential applications in membrane-based gases separation. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Lai HWH, Benedetti FM, Jin Z, Teo YC, Wu AX, Angelis MGD, Smith ZP, Xia Y. Tuning the Molecular Weights, Chain Packing, and Gas-Transport Properties of CANAL Ladder Polymers by Short Alkyl Substitutions. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holden W. H. Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Francesco M. Benedetti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Bologna 40131, Italy
| | - Zexin Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yew Chin Teo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Albert X. Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maria Grazia De Angelis
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Bologna 40131, Italy
| | - Zachary P. Smith
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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25
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Abstract
Palladium/norbornene cooperative catalysis has emerged as a distinct approach to construct polyfunctionalized arenes from readily available starting materials. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of this field, including the early stoichiometric investigations, catalytic reaction developments, as well as the applications in the syntheses of bioactive compounds and polymers. The section of catalytic reactions is divided into two parts according to the reaction initiation mode: Pd(0)-initiated reactions and Pd(II)-initiated reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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26
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Klein P, Jötten HJ, Aitchison CM, Clowes R, Preis E, Cooper AI, Sprick RS, Scherf U. Aromatic polymers made by reductive polydehalogenation of oligocyclic monomers as conjugated polymers of intrinsic microporosity (C-PIMs). Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00869a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of tetrabenzohepta- or -pentafulvalene connectors into soluble, aromatic polymers results in significantly different optical spectra and intrinsic microporosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Klein
- Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
| | - Hauke J. Jötten
- Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
| | | | - Rob Clowes
- Materials Innovation Factory
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool
- UK
| | - Eduard Preis
- Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
| | | | | | - Ullrich Scherf
- Macromolecular Chemistry
- University of Wuppertal
- 42119 Wuppertal
- Germany
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27
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Yang Y, Nishiura M, Wang H, Hou Z. Metal-catalyzed C H activation for polymer synthesis and functionalization. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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28
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Mikami K. Ladder Polymers and its Synthesis. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2018. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.76.838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Liu F, Wu Y, Wang C, Ma J, Wu F, Zhang Y, Ba X. Synthesis and Characterization of Fully Conjugated Ladder Naphthalene Bisimide Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E790. [PMID: 30960715 PMCID: PMC6403639 DOI: 10.3390/polym10070790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fully conjugated ladder copolymers have attracted considerable attention due to their unique fused-ring structure and optoelectronic properties. In this study, two fully conjugated ladder naphthalene diimide (NDI) copolymers, P(NDI-CZL) and P(NDI-TTL) with imine-bridged structures are presented in high yields. Both of the two copolymers have good solubility and high thermal stability. The corresponding compounds with the same structure as the copolymers were synthesized as model system. The yields for each step of the synthesis of the model compounds are higher than 95%. These results suggest that P(NDI-CZL) and P(NDI-TTL) can be synthesized successfully with fewer structural defects. The structures and optoelectronic properties of compounds and copolymers are investigated by NMR, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Both in solution and as a thin film, the two copolymers show two UV-vis absorption bands (around 300⁻400 nm and 400⁻750 nm) and a very weak fluorescence. The collective results suggest that the two fully conjugated ladder copolymers can be used as potential acceptor materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Yonggang Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Junshu Ma
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Fan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Xinwu Ba
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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30
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Yoon K, Dong G. Modular In Situ Functionalization Strategy: Multicomponent Polymerization by Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8592-8596. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki‐Young Yoon
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
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31
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Yoon K, Dong G. Modular In Situ Functionalization Strategy: Multicomponent Polymerization by Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ki‐Young Yoon
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
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32
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Zhao Y, He Y, Swager TM. Porous Organic Polymers via Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2018; 7:300-304. [PMID: 35632904 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.8b00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Highly porous and solution processable organic polymers that can be structurally tailored for various applications are in great demand. Previously reported strategies to prepare porous polymers usually rely on a high level of cross-linking or structurally rigid polymer backbones. We now demonstrate that one-dimensional linear polymers with flexible backbones prepared through ring opening metathesis polymerization can be highly porous. This new strategy allows facile access to diversified porous organic polymers having tunable mechanical/chemical properties bearing different functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M. Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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