1
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Pavón C, Ongaro A, Filipucci I, Ramakrishna SN, Mattarei A, Isa L, Klok HA, Lorandi F, Benetti EM. The Structural Dispersity of Oligoethylene Glycol-Containing Polymer Brushes Determines Their Interfacial Properties. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38859572 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Ought to their bioinert properties and facile synthesis, poly[(oligoethylene glycol)methacrylate]s (POEGMAs) have been raised as attractive alternatives to poly(ethylene glycols) (PEGs) in an array of (bio)material applications, especially when they are applied as polymer brush coatings. However, commercially available OEG-methacrylate (macro)monomers feature a broad distribution of OEG lengths, thus generating structurally polydisperse POEGMAs when polymerized through reversible deactivation radical polymerization. Here, we demonstrate that the interfacial physicochemical properties of POEGMA brushes are significantly affected by their structural dispersity, i.e., the degree of heterogeneity in the length of side OEG segments. POEGMA brushes synthesized from discrete (macro)monomers obtained through chromatographic purification of commercial mixtures show increased hydration and reduced adhesion when compared to their structurally polydisperse analogues. The observed alteration of interfacial properties is directly linked to the presence of monodisperse OEG side chains, which hamper intramolecular and intermolecular hydrophobic interactions while simultaneously promoting the association of water molecules. These phenomena provide structurally homogeneous POEGMA brushes with a more lubricious and protein repellent character with respect to their heterogeneous counterparts. More generally, in contrast to what has been assumed until now, the properties of POEGMA brushes cannot be anticipated while ruling out the effect of dispersity by (macro)monomer feeds. Simultaneously, side chain dispersity of POEGMAs emerges as a critical parameter for determining the interfacial characteristics of brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pavón
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Ongaro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Irene Filipucci
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymeres, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rte Cantonale, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, ETH Zürich, Vladmir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lucio Isa
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, ETH Zürich, Vladmir-Prelog-Weg 1-5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymeres, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Rte Cantonale, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Laboratory for Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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2
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Song X, Man J, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Li R, Zhang Y, Li J, Li J, Chen Y. Design, preparation, and characterization of lubricating polymer brushes for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:76-105. [PMID: 38128641 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The lubrication modification of biomedical devices significantly enhances the functionality of implanted interventional medical devices, thereby providing additional benefits for patients. Polymer brush coating provides a convenient and efficient method for surface modification while ensuring the preservation of the substrate's original properties. The current research has focused on a "trial and error" method to finding polymer brushes with superior lubricity qualities, which is time-consuming and expensive, as obtaining effective and long-lasting lubricity properties for polymer brushes is difficult. This review summarizes recent research advances in the biomedical field in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of lubricating and antifouling polymer brushes, which follow the polymer brush development process. This review begins by examining various approaches to polymer brush design, including molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning, from the fundamentals of polymer brush lubrication. Recent advancements in polymer brush design are then synthesized and potential avenues for future research are explored. Emphasis is placed on the burgeoning field of zwitterionic polymer brushes, and highlighting the broad prospects of supramolecular polymer brushes based on host-guest interactions in the field of self-repairing polymer brush applications. The review culminates by providing a summary of methodologies for characterizing the structural and functional attributes of polymer brushes. It is believed that a development approach for polymer brushes based on "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" can be created, easing the challenge of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricating qualities and enabling the on-demand creation of coatings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomedical devices have severe lubrication modification needs, and surface lubrication modification by polymer brush coating is currently the most promising means. However, the design and preparation of polymer brushes often involves "iterative testing" to find polymer brushes with excellent lubrication properties, which is both time-consuming and expensive. This review proposes a polymer brush development process based on the "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" strategy and summarizes recent research advances and trends in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of polymer brushes. This review will help polymer brush researchers by alleviating the challenges of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricity and promises to enable the on-demand construction of polymer brush lubrication coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhong Song
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Ruijian Li
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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3
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Xia X, Yuan X, Zhang G, Su Z. Antifouling Surfaces Based on Polyzwitterion Loop Brushes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47520-47530. [PMID: 37773963 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling surfaces have attracted increasing interest in recent years due to their potential application in various fields. In this work, we report a loop polyzwitterionic coating that exhibits excellent resistance to protein adsorption. Triblock and diblock copolymers of 2-[(2-hydroxyethyl)disulfanyl]ethyl methacrylate) (HSEMA) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (DMAEMA) were synthesized by atom-transferred radical polymerization, followed by betainization of the DMAEMA block with 1,3-propane sultone and reduction of the disulfide bond in HSEMA to yield a triblock copolymer comprising a zwitterionic poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) midblock and poly(2-sulfanylethyl methacrylate) (PSEMA) terminal blocks as well as its diblock analogue that was of the same composition as the former and half the chain length. Both copolymers adsorbed to the gold substrate via the thiol groups in the terminal PSEMA block(s), creating loop and linear PSBMA brush coatings of comparable thickness, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ellipsometry. Adsorption of bovine serum albumin and fibrinogen as model proteins from solution to these surfaces was investigated by a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and platelet and bacterial adhesions were assessed by scanning electron microscopy and CLSM. The results demonstrate that both linear and loop polyzwitterion brushes are excellent in resisting the adsorption of the foulants, and the loop brushes are superior to the linear analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaodie Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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4
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Polymer brushes for friction control: Contributions of molecular simulations. Biointerphases 2023; 18:010801. [PMID: 36653299 DOI: 10.1116/6.0002310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
When polymer chains are grafted to solid surfaces at sufficiently high density, they form brushes that can modify the surface properties. In particular, polymer brushes are increasingly being used to reduce friction in water-lubricated systems close to the very low levels found in natural systems, such as synovial joints. New types of polymer brush are continually being developed to improve with lower friction and adhesion, as well as higher load-bearing capacities. To complement experimental studies, molecular simulations are increasingly being used to help to understand how polymer brushes reduce friction. In this paper, we review how molecular simulations of polymer brush friction have progressed from very simple coarse-grained models toward more detailed models that can capture the effects of brush topology and chemistry as well as electrostatic interactions for polyelectrolyte brushes. We pay particular attention to studies that have attempted to match experimental friction data of polymer brush bilayers to results obtained using molecular simulations. We also critically look at the remaining challenges and key limitations to overcome and propose future modifications that could potentially improve agreement with experimental studies, thus enabling molecular simulations to be used predictively to modify the brush structure for optimal friction reduction.
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5
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Ochs J, Pagnacco CA, Barroso-Bujans F. Macrocyclic polymers: Synthesis, purification, properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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He Y, Xing S, Jiang P, Zhao Y, Chen L. Volume Overlap Variation within Hyperbranched Polymer Brushes Resolves Topology Effects against Protein Fouling. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4924-4933. [PMID: 36239027 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyperbranched polymer brushes with a three-dimensional dendritic structure are used in antifouling applications to obtain bioinert and compact dendritic structures. Though hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) is extensively utilized in the antifouling layer, there is still a lack of direct studies on the relationship between the interfacial properties and topology effect of hyperbranched polymer brushes. Here, we established the degree of chain volume overlap (Dv) to characterize the spatial shielding efficiency generated by HPG brushes and investigated the impact mechanism of the variable chain length on the interfacial physicochemical properties. The results revealed the Dv-relevant feature of performance that the most densely packed HPG brushes for a medium-length LHPG3.07 enable the functional surface to display optimal antifouling performance toward protein adsorption by forming the most effective space barrier and hydrated layer in appropriate molecular weights and graft density. Moreover, we clarified the advance of hyperbranched polymer brushes exhibited in topology effects for imparting surface-enhanced resistance to biofouling relies on the generable higher steric hindrance as compared with linear analogs. This study established a Dv-relevant evaluation model for acquiring an optimized antifouling surface based on the appropriate choice of polymer structure, topology morphologies, and grafting parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin300387, China.,Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Songlin Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin300387, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin300387, China
| | - Yiping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin300387, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes/National Center for International Joint Research on Separation Membranes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin300387, China
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7
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Wang H, Zhang Z, Chen J, Lian C, Han X, Liu H. Conformation-dominated surface antifouling and aqueous lubrication. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 214:112452. [PMID: 35325866 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Antifouling and aqueous lubrication are important properties for biomaterials, especially for those with implantation purposes. In order to better understand the polymer conformation dependence of the surface antifouling and lubrication properties, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers with mono-functional and difunctional catechol anchors were designed and anchored on surface to adopt tail and loop conformations. Diblock and triblock copolymers with poly(dopamine methacrylamide) (PDMA) block as anchors and PEG block as the main body were synthesized and anchored on silicon surfaces by a "grafting to" strategy. The chemical composition, film thickness, and surface roughness of both coatings were controlled to be similar to give a direct comparison of looped brushes and tailed analogues. Then, the antifouling and surface friction behaviors were detected to verify the topological conformation effect of PEG polymer brushes. Results showed that PEG triblock copolymer modified surface exhibited an obviously better antifouling property and a lower friction coefficient of ∼0.011 than that of PEG diblock copolymer modified surface. Additionally, calculation and simulation results demonstrated that triblock copolymer had higher adsorption energy and anchored on surface with looped conformation. It is indicated that the strongly anchored PEG loops are effective for excellent antifouling and lubricating properties due to its strong hydration and steric hindrance. The conformation-dominated enhanced antifouling and reduced interfacial friction is an effective method for the development of excellent antifouling surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zekai Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Cheng Lian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xia Han
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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8
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Huettner N, Goldmann AS, Hoogenboom R, Dargaville TR. Macrocyclization efficiency for poly(2-oxazoline)s and poly(2-oxazine)s. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00376g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly(2-oxazine)s show higher tendency to undergo macrocyclization compared to poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s, increasing scale-up potential and applicability of these cyclic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Huettner
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Anja S. Goldmann
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000 Belgium
| | - Tim R. Dargaville
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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9
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Ko Y, Truong VK, Woo SY, Dickey MD, Hsiao L, Genzer J. Counterpropagating Gradients of Antibacterial and Antifouling Polymer Brushes. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:424-430. [PMID: 34905339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report on the formation of counterpropagating density gradients in poly([2-dimethylaminoethyl] methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) brushes featuring spatially varying quaternized and betainized units. Starting with PDMAEMA brushes with constant grafting density and degree of polymerization, we first generate a density gradient of quaternized units by directional vapor reaction involving methyl iodide. The unreacted DMAEMA units are then betainized through gaseous-phase betainization with 1,3-propanesultone. The gas reaction of PDMAEMA with 1,3-propanesultone eliminates the formation of byproducts present during the liquid-phase modification. We use the counterpropagating density gradients of quaternized and betainized PDMAEMA brushes in antibacterial and antifouling studies. Completely quaternized and betainized brushes exhibit antibacterial and antifouling behaviors. Samples containing 12% of quaternized and 85% of betainized units act simultaneously as antibacterial and antifouling surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongun Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States.,Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Sun Young Woo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Michael D Dickey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Lilian Hsiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States.,Global Station for Soft Matter, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan
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10
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Park S, Kim M, Park J, Choi W, Hong J, Lee DW, Kim BS. Mussel-Inspired Multiloop Polyethers for Antifouling Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:5173-5184. [PMID: 34818000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of polymers for antifouling coatings, the effect of the polymeric topology on the antifouling property has been largely underexplored. Unlike conventional brush polymers, a loop conformation often leads to strong steric stabilization of surfaces and antifouling and lubricating behavior owing to the large excluded volume and reduced chain ends. Herein, we present highly antifouling multiloop polyethers functionalized with a mussel-inspired catechol moiety with varying loop dimensions. Specifically, a series of polyethers with varying catechol contents were synthesized via anionic ring-opening polymerization by using triethylene glycol glycidyl ether (TEG) and catechol-acetonide glycidyl ether (CAG) to afford poly(TEG-co-CAG)n. The versatile adsorption and antifouling effects of multiloop polyethers were evaluated using atomic force microscopy and a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. Furthermore, the crucial role of the loop dimension in the antifouling properties was analyzed via a surface force apparatus and a cell attachment assay. This study provides a new platform for the development of versatile antifouling polymers with varying topologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suebin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkee Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woog Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Su Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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11
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Szuwarzyński M, Wolski K, Kruk T, Zapotoczny S. Macromolecular strategies for transporting electrons and excitation energy in ordered polymer layers. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Aboudzadeh MA, Kruse J, Sanromán Iglesias M, Cangialosi D, Alegria A, Grzelczak M, Barroso-Bujans F. Gold nanoparticles endowed with low-temperature colloidal stability by cyclic polyethylene glycol in ethanol. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7792-7801. [PMID: 34368823 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00720c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The colloidal stability of metal nanoparticles is tremendously dependent on the thermal behavior of polymer brushes. Neat polyethylene glycol (PEG) presents an unconventional upper critical solution temperature in ethanol, where phase segregation and crystallization coexist. This thermal behavior translated to a PEG brush has serious consequences on the colloidal stability in ethanol of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified with PEG brushes upon cooling. We observed that AuNPs (13 nm diameter) stabilized with conventional linear PEG brushes (Mn = 6 and 11 kg mol-1) in ethanol suffer from reversible phase separation upon a temperature drop over the course of a few hours. However, the use of a polymer brush with cyclic topology as a stabilizer prevents sedimentation, ensuring the colloidal stability in ethanol at -25 °C for, at least, four months. We postulate that temperature-driven collapse of chain brushes promotes the interpenetration of linear chains, causing progressive AuNP sedimentation, a process that is unfavorable for cyclic polymer brushes whose topology prevents chain interpenetration. This study reinforces the notion about the importance of polymer topology on the colloidal stability of AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ali Aboudzadeh
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
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13
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Trachsel L, Ramakrishna SN, Romio M, Spencer ND, Benetti EM. Topology and Molecular Architecture of Polyelectrolytes Determine Their pH-Responsiveness When Assembled on Surfaces. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:90-97. [PMID: 35548981 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Polymer composition and topology of surface-grafted polyacids determine the amplitude of their pH-induced swelling transition. The intrinsic steric constraints characterizing cyclic poly(2-carboxypropyl-2-oxazoline) (c-PCPOXA) and poly(2-carboxyethyl-2-oxazoline) (c-PCEOXA) forming brushes on Au surfaces induce an enhancement in repulsive interactions between charged polymer segments upon deprotonation, leading to an amplified expansion and a significant increment in swelling with respect to their linear analogues of similar molar mass. On the other hand, it is the composition of polyacid grafts that governs their hydration in both undissociated and ionized forms, determining the degree of swelling during their pH-induced transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Trachsel
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N. Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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14
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Trachsel L, Romio M, Zenobi-Wong M, Benetti EM. Hydrogels Generated from Cyclic Poly(2-Oxazoline)s Display Unique Swelling and Mechanical Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000658. [PMID: 33326133 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic macromolecules do not feature chain ends and are characterized by a higher effective intramolecular repulsion between polymer segments, leading to a higher excluded-volume effect and greater hydration with respect to their linear counterparts. As a result of these unique properties, hydrogels composed of cross-linked cyclic polymers feature enhanced mechanical strength while simultaneously incorporating more solvent with respect to networks formed from their linear analogues with identical molar mass and chemical composition. The translation of topology effects by cyclic polymers into the properties of polymer networks provides hydrogels that ideally do not include defects, such as dangling chain ends, and display unprecedented physicochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Trachsel
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.,Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St., Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland.,Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St., Gallen, Switzerland
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15
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Aboudzadeh MA, Iturrospe A, Arbe A, Grzelczak M, Barroso-Bujans F. Cyclic Polyethylene Glycol as Nanoparticle Surface Ligand. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1604-1610. [PMID: 35617061 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic polymers behave different than linear polymers due to the lack of end groups and smaller coil dimensions. Herein, we demonstrate that cyclic polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be used as an alternative of classical linear PEG ligands for gold nanoparticle (AuNP) stabilization. We observed that the brush height of cyclic PEG on AuNPs of diameter 4.4 and 13.2 nm increases identically as that of linear brushes with (Nσ1/2)0.7 (N, number of monomers in a chain and σ, grafting density) and that cyclic brushes are more stretched than their linear analogues when compared to their unperturbed dimensions. Such structural effect and the reduced footprint diameter in cyclic brushes with the entire chain in a concentrated polymer brush regime explains the distinct response of NPs to ionic strength and temperature, respectively, compared to linear analogues. These experiments are an important step in understanding the effect of polymer brush topology on colloidal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ali Aboudzadeh
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 5, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 4, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Amaia Iturrospe
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 5, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Arantxa Arbe
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 5, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marek Grzelczak
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 5, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 4, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Fabienne Barroso-Bujans
- Materials Physics Center, CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 5, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 4, 20018 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE - Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Departamento de Polı́meros y Materiales Avanzados: Fı́sica, Quı́mica y Tecnologı́a, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
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16
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17
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Trachsel L, Romio M, Grob B, Zenobi-Wong M, Spencer ND, Ramakrishna SN, Benetti EM. Functional Nanoassemblies of Cyclic Polymers Show Amplified Responsiveness and Enhanced Protein-Binding Ability. ACS NANO 2020; 14:10054-10067. [PMID: 32628438 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of cyclic polymer adsorbates are significantly influenced by the steric and conformational constraints introduced during their cyclization. These translate into a marked difference in interfacial properties between cyclic polymers and their linear counterparts when they are grafted onto surfaces yielding nanoassemblies or polymer brushes. This difference is particularly clear in the case of cyclic polymer brushes that are designed to chemically interact with the surrounding environment, for instance, by associating with biological components present in the medium, or, alternatively, through a response to a chemical stimulus by a significant change in their properties. The intrinsic architecture characterizing cyclic poly(2-oxazoline)-based polyacid brushes leads to a broad variation in swelling and nanomechanical properties in response to pH change, in comparison with their linear analogues of identical composition and molecular weight. In addition, cyclic glycopolymer brushes derived from polyacids reveal an enhanced exposure of galactose units at the surface, due to their expanded topology, and thus display an increased lectin-binding ability with respect to their linear counterparts. This combination of amplified responsiveness and augmented protein-binding capacity renders cyclic brushes invaluable building blocks for the design of "smart" materials and functional biointerfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucca Trachsel
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Grob
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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18
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Koo MB, Lee SW, Lee JM, Kim KT. Iterative Convergent Synthesis of Large Cyclic Polymers and Block Copolymers with Discrete Molecular Weights. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14028-14032. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mo Beom Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seul Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jung Min Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyoung Taek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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19
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Romio M, Trachsel L, Morgese G, Ramakrishna SN, Spencer ND, Benetti EM. Topological Polymer Chemistry Enters Materials Science: Expanding the Applicability of Cyclic Polymers. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1024-1033. [PMID: 35648599 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-topology effects can alter technologically relevant properties when cyclic macromolecules are applied within diverse materials formulations. These include coatings, polymer networks, or nanostructures for delivering therapeutics. While substituting linear building blocks with cyclic analogues in commonly studied materials is itself of fundamental interest, an even more fascinating observation has been that the introduction of physical or chemical boundaries (e.g., a grafting surface or cross-links) can amplify the topology-related effects observed when employing cyclic polymer-based precursors for assembling multidimensional objects. Hence, the application of cyclic polymers has enabled the fabrication of coatings with enhanced biorepellency and superior lubricity, broadened the tuning potential for mechanical properties of polymer networks, increased the thermodynamic stability, and altered the capability of loading and releasing drugs within polymeric micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Romio
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lucca Trachsel
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Tissue Engineering + Biofabrication Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Morgese
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N. Ramakrishna
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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20
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Liénard R, De Winter J, Coulembier O. Cyclic polymers: Advances in their synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Liénard
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM) Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons Mons Belgium
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (S2MOs) Interdisciplinary Center for Mass Spectrometry (CISMa), University of Mons Mons Belgium
| | - Julien De Winter
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (S2MOs) Interdisciplinary Center for Mass Spectrometry (CISMa), University of Mons Mons Belgium
| | - Olivier Coulembier
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM) Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons Mons Belgium
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21
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Słowikowska M, Wolski K, Wójcik AJ, Wesner D, Schönherr H, Zapotoczny S. Unraveling the nanomechanical properties of surface-grafted conjugated polymer brushes with ladder-like architecture. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01422b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Surface-grafted polymer brushes with ladder-like architecture enforce extended conformation of the chains affecting their mechanical and tribological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karol Wolski
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Artur J. Wójcik
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Daniel Wesner
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ)
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- School of Science and Technology
- University of Siegen
- 57076 Siegen
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I & Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ)
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- School of Science and Technology
- University of Siegen
- 57076 Siegen
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22
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Itagaki N, Kawaguchi D, Oda Y, Nemoto F, Yamada NL, Yamaguchi T, Tanaka K. Surface Effect on Frictional Properties for Thin Hydrogel Films of Poly(vinyl ether). Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fumiya Nemoto
- Neutron Science Laboratory, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Norifumi L. Yamada
- Neutron Science Laboratory, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Naka, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
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23
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Kazakov AD, Polotsky AA, Zhulina EB, Birshtein TM, Leermakers FAM, Borisov OV. Dendron Brushes in Polymer Medium: Interpenetration and Depletion. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D. Kazakov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 99004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, 12800 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Alexey A. Polotsky
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 99004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina B. Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 99004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana M. Birshtein
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 99004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Frans A. M. Leermakers
- Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University, 6703 NB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Oleg V. Borisov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 99004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR 5254 CNRS UPPA, 64053 Pau, France
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24
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25
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Yan W, Ramakrishna SN, Romio M, Benetti EM. Bioinert and Lubricious Surfaces by Macromolecular Design. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13521-13535. [PMID: 31532689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The modification of a variety of biomaterials and medical devices often encompasses the generation of biopassive and lubricious layers on their exposed surfaces. This is valid when the synthetic supports are required to integrate within physiological media without altering their interfacial composition and when the minimization of shear stress prevents or reduces damage to the surrounding environment. In many of these cases, hydrophilic polymer brushes assembled from surface-interacting polymer adsorbates or directly grown by surface-initiated polymerizations (SIP) are chosen. Although growing efforts by polymer chemists have been focusing on varying the composition of polymer brushes in order to attain increasingly bioinert and lubricious surfaces, the precise modulation of polymer architecture has simultaneously enabled us to substantially broaden the tuning potential for the above-mentioned properties. This feature article concentrates on reviewing this latter strategy, comparatively analyzing how polymer brush parameters such as molecular weight and grafting density, the application of block copolymers, the introduction of branching and cross-links, or the variation of polymer topology beyond the simple, linear chains determine highly technologically relevant properties, such as biopassivity and lubrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Yan
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Shivaprakash N Ramakrishna
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Matteo Romio
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , CH-9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Edmondo M Benetti
- Polymer Surfaces Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 , CH-8093 Zurich , Switzerland
- Biointerfaces, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) , Lerchenfeldstrasse 5 , CH-9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
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26
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Mizukami M, Gen M, Hsu SY, Tsujii Y, Kurihara K. Dynamics of lubricious, concentrated PMMA brush layers studied by surface forces and resonance shear measurements. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:7765-7776. [PMID: 31508654 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We employed surface forces and resonance shear measurement (RSM) for studying the structure and properties of typical concentrated polymer brushes (CPBs) of poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) in toluene, which are known to show very low friction. The surface forces measured between the silica surfaces bearing PMMA brush layers showed a steric repulsive force at distances between the silica surfaces of less than ca. 1050 nm (Donset). Upon retraction after compression of the PMMA brush layers, no adhesive force was observed. This indicated that the interpenetration of the polymer chain was not induced by the normal load. Based on the resonance shear measurement, the elastic (k2) and damping (viscous) (b2) parameters, which represent the dynamic properties, of the PMMA brush layers were obtained by analyzing the resonance curves. At distances below the Donset, the b2 value significantly increased and slightly decreased at the higher normal loads, and the k2 value monotonically increased with increasing load. These k2 and b2 values were greater than those obtained for a PMMA brush layer and a bare silica surface (PMMA-silica). This indicated that the mobility of the polymer chains for the PMMA-PMMA brush layers was more suppressed compared to that for the PMMA-silica, due to the interpenetration of the polymer chains. The interpenetration of the polymer chains, commonly not observed for CPBs, could be most probably induced by the application of both the normal load and oscillating shear motion. With increasing shear amplitude on the compressed PMMA-PMMA brushes (at L = 0.84, 1.34 and 4.28 mN), the b2 value first increased then decreased whilst the k2 value monotonically decreased. These tendencies can be explained by the change from the sticking condition due to interpenetration (high k2), small sliding under interpenetration (increase in b2, decrease in k2), and then smooth sliding by pulling out of interpenetrated polymer chains (decrease in b2 and k2). The obtained results indicated that the operating conditions are quite important for using polymer brush layers as tribological materials because they can exhibit both a high and low friction depending on the conditions such as the load and shear amplitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mizukami
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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27
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Liu W, Dong Y, Liu S, Wei T, Wu Z, Chen H. Enhancement of Bactericidal Activity via Cyclic Poly(cationic liquid) Brushes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900379. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Liu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Yishi Dong
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Liu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Ting Wei
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqiang Wu
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center for New Type Urbanization and Social Governance of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
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28
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Michalek L, Mundsinger K, Barner L, Barner-Kowollik C. Quantifying Solvent Effects on Polymer Surface Grafting. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:800-805. [PMID: 35619509 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
When grafting polymers onto surfaces, the reaction conditions critically influence the resulting interface properties, including the grafting density and molar mass distribution (MMD) on the surface. Herein, we show theoretically and experimentally that the application of poor solvents is beneficial for the "grafting-to" approach. We demonstrate the effect by grafting poly(methyl methacrylate) chains on silica nanoparticles in different solvents and compare the MMD of the polymer in solution before and after grafting via size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The shorter polymer chains are preferentially grafted onto the surface, leading to a distortion effect between the MMD in solution and on surfaces. The molecular weight distortion effect is significantly higher for ethyl acetate (good solvent quality, difference in Mw surface to solution 14%) than for N,N-dimethylacetamide (poor solvent quality, 6%). The difference in MMD on the surface to the solution significantly affects both the surface properties (e.g. the grafting densities) and their determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Michalek
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, QLD 4000, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kai Mundsinger
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, QLD 4000, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leonie Barner
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, QLD 4000, Brisbane, Australia
- Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen (IBG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, QLD 4000, Brisbane, Australia
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
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29
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Liu C, Xu W, Zhang H, Pan C, Hong C. Hyperbranched Multicyclic Polymer Built from Tailored Multifunctional Monocyclic Prepolymer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900164. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Wen Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Hua‐Long Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Cai‐Yuan Pan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Chun‐Yan Hong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
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30
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Benetti EM, Spencer ND. Using Polymers to Impart Lubricity and Biopassivity to Surfaces: Are These Properties Linked? Helv Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201900071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edmondo M. Benetti
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of MaterialsETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. Spencer
- Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of MaterialsETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland
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31
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Aboudzadeh MA, Dolz M, Monnier X, González de San Román E, Cangialosi D, Grzelczak M, Barroso-Bujans F. Synthesis of macrocyclic poly(ethylene oxide)s containing a protected thiol group: a strategy for decorating gold surfaces with ring polymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01394f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrocyclic poly(ethylene oxide)s containing a protected thiol group are able to attach to gold substrates without thiol deprotection enabling surface modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Ali Aboudzadeh
- Centro de Física de Materiales
- CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| | - Mikel Dolz
- Centro de Física de Materiales
- CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| | - Xavier Monnier
- Centro de Física de Materiales
- CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| | | | - Daniele Cangialosi
- Centro de Física de Materiales
- CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| | - Marek Grzelczak
- Centro de Física de Materiales
- CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| | - Fabienne Barroso-Bujans
- Centro de Física de Materiales
- CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
| |
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