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Lee J, Lee S, Lee K, Joung H, Choi SK, Kim M, Yang J, Paeng K. Segmental dynamics of polystyrene near polymer-polymer interfaces. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:124902. [PMID: 38516976 DOI: 10.1063/5.0189494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the segmental dynamics of polymers near polymer-polymer interfaces by probing the rotation of polymer-tethered fluorescent molecules using imaging rotational fluorescence correlation microscopy. Multilayered films were utilized to provide spatial selectivity relative to different polymer-polymer interfaces. In the experimental setup, for the overlayer polymer, polystyrene (PS) was employed and a 15 nm-thick probe-containing layer was placed ≈25 nm apart from different underlayer polymers with glass transition temperatures (Tg) either lower or higher than that of PS. The underlayer of poly-n-butyl methacrylate had 72 K lower Tg than that of PS, whereas polymethyl methacrylate and polysulfone had 22 and 81 K higher Tg, respectively, than that of PS. Two key dynamic features of the glass transition, the non-Arrhenius temperature dependence and stretched relaxation, were examined to study the influence of soft and hard confinements on the segmental dynamics of the overlayer polymer near the polymer-polymer interfaces. Although complications exist in the probing location owing to the diffusion of the polymer-tethered probe during the annealing protocol to consolidate the multilayers, the results suggest that either the segmental dynamics of the polymer near the polymer-polymer interface do not change owing to the soft and hard confinements or the interfacial perturbation is very short ranged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Keonchang Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Joung
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungwoong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Keewook Paeng
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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2
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Petek ES, Katsumata R. Thickness Dependence of Contact Angles in Multilayered Ultrathin Polymer Films. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evon S. Petek
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Reika Katsumata
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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3
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Al-Shatty W, Campana M, Alexander S, Barron AR. Interaction of Surface-Modified Alumina Nanoparticles and Surfactants at an Oil/Water Interface: A Neutron Reflectometry, Scattering, and Enhanced Oil Recovery Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19505-19514. [PMID: 35442014 PMCID: PMC9096789 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of the mechanism of nanoparticle (NP)/surfactant complex adsorption at the critical oil/water interface was studied. A sophisticated technique (neutron reflectometry) was used to give a unique insight on NP/oil interactions in oil recovery systems. Herein, the adsorption of two modified alumina NPs with different degrees of hydrophobicity [hydrophilic = 2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]acetic acid and hydrophobic = octanoic acid (OCT)] stabilized with two different surfactants were studied at the oil/water interface. A thin layer of deuterated (D) and hydrogenated (H) hexadecane (contrast matching silicon substrate) oil was formed on a silicon block by a spin coating freeze process. The distribution of the NPs across the oil/water interface with the CTAB surfactant is similar between the two systems. NPs coated with CTAB have more affinity toward the oil/water interface, which explains the oil recovery increase by around 5% when flooding the core with the OCT-NP/CTAB system compared to the surfactant flooding alone. These results suggest that the NP/surfactant complexes can have potential usage in EOR recovery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Al-Shatty
- Energy
Safety Research Institute (ESRI), Swansea
University, Bay Campus, Swansea SA1
8EN, U.K.
- Laboratory
and Quality Control Department, Basrah Oil
Company, Bab Al Zubair, Basrah 21240, Iraq
| | - Mario Campana
- Science
and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Shirin Alexander
- Energy
Safety Research Institute (ESRI), Swansea
University, Bay Campus, Swansea SA1
8EN, U.K.
| | - Andrew R. Barron
- Energy
Safety Research Institute (ESRI), Swansea
University, Bay Campus, Swansea SA1
8EN, U.K.
- Arizona
Institute for Resilient Environments and Societies (AIRES), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Faculty of
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawani BE1410 Brunei Darussalam
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4
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Wang S, Shi J, Shimizu T, Xu J, Xu Z. Two-step heat fusion kinetics and mechanical performance of thermoplastic interfaces. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5701. [PMID: 35383246 PMCID: PMC8983657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoplastic polymers and composites are ubiquitous in the industry for their reshaping and fusing capabilities at elevated temperatures. The quality of heat-fused thermoplastic interfaces is of great concern for adhesion, coating, and welding applications, especially those between dissimilar materials. Kinetic evolution of the microstructures defines the mechanical performance of heat-fusion thermoplastic interfaces, which is studied here using polyethylene and polypropylene as an example. Key factors such as the viscosity and compatibility of polymers and the time and temperature of fusion are discussed by combining molecular-level simulations and structural-level hot-compression experiments. Inter-diffusion and entanglement of polymer chains are identified as the two elementary kinetic steps of the fusion, which dominate the control on the stiffness and strength of the interfaces, respectively. Experimental data shows that the quality of fused interfaces can be improved by reducing the viscosity and the interaction parameter. Following the same set of time-scaling relations as identified in the simulations, the two-step characteristics and their effects on the stiffness and strength are experimentally validated. Both simulation and the experiment results show that Young's modulus of fused interfaces recovers faster than the strength that is controlled by polymer entanglement to a large extent, rather than diffusion. These findings add insights into the design of fusion processes, laying the ground for the applications of thermoplastic polymers and composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Wang
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiaxin Shi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Takayuki Shimizu
- Strength Research Department, Research & Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd., Nagoya, 455-8515, Japan.
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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5
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Relaxation behavior of polymer thin films: Effects of free surface, buried interface, and geometrical confinement. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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6
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Uchida K, Mita K, Yamamoto S, Tanaka K. Local Orientation of Polystyrene at the Interface with Poly(methyl methacrylate) in Block Copolymer. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1576-1581. [PMID: 35617059 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The local conformation of polystyrene (PS) at the phase-separated lamellar interface with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in their diblock copolymer (BCP) was examined by sum-frequency generation spectroscopy in conjunction with a full-atomistic molecular dynamics simulation. While PS phenyl groups of BCP were oriented in the interfacial region, they were random in the bulk. Such an interfacial orientation of phenyl groups was not clear for the corresponding blend of PS and PMMA. The PS backbone of BCP was in-plane oriented and folded near to the chemical junction point located in the interfacial region and the orientation became random at several nanometers distant. No evidence for the chain folding at the interface was found for the blend system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiminori Uchida
- Mitsui Chemicals Inc., Chiba 299-0265, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mita
- Mitsui Chemicals Inc., Chiba 299-0265, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamamoto
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Gagnon YJ, Roth CB. Local Glass Transition Temperature Tg( z) Within Polystyrene Is Strongly Impacted by the Modulus of the Neighboring PDMS Domain. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1625-1631. [PMID: 35617064 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Profiles in the local glass transition temperature Tg(z) within polystyrene (PS) next to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) domains were determined using a localized fluorescence method. By changing the base to cross-linker ratio, we varied the cross-link density and, hence, the Young's modulus of PDMS (Sylgard 184). The local Tg(z) in PS at a distance of z = 50 nm away from the PS/PDMS interface was found to shift by 40 K as the PDMS modulus was varied from 0.9 to 2.6 MPa, demonstrating a strong sensitivity of this phenomenon to the rigidity of the neighboring domain. The extent the Tg(z) perturbation persists away from the PS/PDMS interface, z ≈ 65-90 nm before bulk Tg is recovered, is much shorter for this strongly immiscible system compared with the weakly immiscible systems studied previously, which we attribute to a smaller interfacial width, as the χ parameter for PS/PDMS is an order of magnitude larger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannic J. Gagnon
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Connie B. Roth
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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Storey AN, Zhang W, Douglas JF, Starr FW. How Does Monomer Structure Affect the Interfacial Dynamics of Supported Ultrathin Polymer Films? Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amber N. Storey
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459-0155, United States
| | - Wengang Zhang
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459-0155, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Francis W. Starr
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459-0155, United States
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Jo KI, Oh Y, Kim TH, Bang J, Yuan G, Satija SK, Sung BJ, Koo J. Position-Dependent Diffusion Dynamics of Entangled Polymer Melts Nanoconfined by Parallel Immiscible Polymer Films. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1483-1488. [PMID: 35653667 PMCID: PMC10483881 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The morphological structure and dynamics of confined polymers adjacent to the polymer-polymer interface have a profound effect on determining the overall physical properties of polymer blends. We measured the diffusion dynamics of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) melts confined between polystyrene (PS) layers using neutron reflectivity. Combinations of various thicknesses of PMMA and deuterated PMMA (dPMMA) allowed us to experimentally reveal the nonmonotonic behavior of polymer mobility near the PS-PMMA interface. From the neutron reflectivity results, we found that the polymers adjacent to the immiscible polymer-polymer interface showed enhanced diffusion dynamics because of the repulsive interaction between PS and PMMA, whereas the polymer at local regions farther from the interface exhibited reduced dynamics. This is probably due to the nonspherical conformation of PMMA and spatial confinement near the PS-PMMA interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Il Jo
- Neutron Science Center, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), Daejeon 34057, Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Younghoon Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Kim
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Joona Bang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Guangcui Yuan
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Sushil K. Satija
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States
| | - Bong June Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea
| | - Jaseung Koo
- Department of Organic Materials Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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10
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Influences of interface structure on tribological properties of engineering polymer blends: a review. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2020-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Polymer blends have been widely used as tribological materials for replacements of traditional metals and ceramics. Polymer blends consist of the reinforced phase, the matrix phase and interfaces between reinforced and matrix phase. Although the interface structure of polymer blends is usually small in size, it is one of the key factors for deciding the physical and tribological properties of polymer blends. Thus, this review highlights the most recent trends in the field of influences of interface structure on tribological properties of engineering polymer blends. Emphasis is given to the improvement methods of interfacial compatibility of polymer blends and the behavior variation of interface structure during friction process.
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