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Haridas A, Mondal R, Nayak B, Ottakam Thotiyl M. Reductive Inner-Sphere Electrosynthesis of Ammonia via a Nonelectrocatalytic Outer-Sphere Redox. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:19458-19466. [PMID: 39225073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemistry of outer-sphere redox molecules involves an essentially intact primary coordination sphere with minimal secondary sphere adjustments, resulting in very fast electron transfer events even without a noble metal-based electrocatalyst. Departing from conventional electrocatalytic paradigms, we incorporate these minimal reaction coordinate adjustments of outer-sphere species to stimulate the electrocatalysis of energetically challenging inner-sphere substrates. Through this approach, we are able to show an intricate 8e- and 9H+ transfer inner-sphere reductive electrocatalysis at almost half the energy input of a conventional inner-sphere electron donor. This methodology of employing outer-sphere redox species has the potential to notably improve the cost and energy benefits in electrochemical transformations involving fundamental substrates such as water, CO2, N2, and many more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Haridas
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Ritwik Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Bhojkumar Nayak
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Musthafa Ottakam Thotiyl
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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Martínez-González E, Peljo P. Improving the Volumetric Capacity of Gallocyanine Flow Battery by Adding a Molecular Spectator. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2024; 7:7169-7175. [PMID: 39268395 PMCID: PMC11388142 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.4c00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Gallocyanine (GAL) was recently introduced as a promising aqueous-soluble electroactive molecule for preparing two-electron storage alkaline flow battery (FB) negolytes. The development of a cost-effective GAL FB electrolyte is limited by the unexpectedly low solubility of GAL. In this work, the compound 7-amino-4-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid was introduced as a molecular spectator to modulate the solubility of GAL in KOH; this formulation allowed the preparation of a negolyte with a theoretical volumetric capacity of 32.00 Ah L-1. The cycling stability of an improved GAL electrolyte was demonstrated by operating a FB cell outside of the glovebox (bubbling N2 in the tanks). The cell exhibited a Coulombic efficiency close to 98% and began operating with 72.1% of its theoretical capacity (16.06 Ah L-1), retaining 88% of it after 110 cell cycles. This work demonstrates that significant improvement in electrolyte performance can be obtained with suitable additives and electrolyte engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Martínez-González
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Research Group of Battery Materials and Technologies, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, Turku FI-20014, Finland
| | - Pekka Peljo
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Research Group of Battery Materials and Technologies, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, Turku FI-20014, Finland
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Xue Z, Chen Y, Xu K, Miao Y, Zhao X. Crown Ether Electrolyte Additive Enables High-Rate and Stable Polyviologen Cathode Material for Chloride Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311700. [PMID: 38287730 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
A variety of inorganic and inorganic cathode materials for chloride ion storage are reported. However, their application in chloride ion batteries (CIB) is hindered by poor rate capability and cycling stability. Herein, an organic poly(butyl viologen dichloride) (PBVCl2) cathode material with significantly enhanced rate and cycling performance in the CIB is achieved using a crown ether (18-Crown-6) additive in the tributylmethylammonium chloride-based electrolyte. The as-prepared PBVCl2 cathodes exhibit impressive capacity increases from 149.4 to 179.1 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C and from 57.8 to 111.9 mAh g-1 at 10 C, demonstrating the best rate performance with the highest energy density among those of various reported cathodes for CIBs. This impressive performance improvement is a result of the great boosts in charge transfer, ion transport, and interface stability of the battery by the use of 18-Crown-6, which also contributes to a more than twofold increase in capacity retention after 120 cycles. The electrode reaction mechanism of the CIB based on highly reversible chloride ion transfer is revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Kangjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yingchun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Functional Composites, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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de la Parra S, Tamayo-Ramos JA, Rubio-Presa R, Perez-Antolin D, Ruiz V, Sanz R, Rumbo C, Ventosa E. On the Tunability of Toxicity for Viologen-Derivatives as Anolyte for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300626. [PMID: 37399239 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Viologen-derivatives are the most widely used redox organic molecules for neutral pH negative electrolyte of redox flow batteries. However, the long-established toxicity of the herbicide methyl-viologen raises concern for deployment of viologen-derivatives at large scale in flow batteries. Herein, we demonstrate the radically different cytotoxicity and toxicology of a series of viologen-derivatives in in vitro assays using model organisms representative of human and environmental exposure, namely human lung carcinoma epithelial cell line (A549) and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results show that safe viologen derivatives can be molecularly engineered, representing a promising family of negolyte materials for neutral redox flow batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra de la Parra
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Tamayo-Ramos
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
- Current Address: ITENE Research Center, Industrial Biotechnology Area, C/Albert Einstein 1, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Rubio-Presa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Daniel Perez-Antolin
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Virginia Ruiz
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Carlos Rumbo
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Edgar Ventosa
- International Research Center in Critical Raw Materials-ICCRAM, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
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