Investigation on the Anticancer Activity of Symmetric and Unsymmetric Cyclic Sulfamides

In vitro antitumor activity, molecular dynamics simulation, DFT study, ADME prediction, and Eg5 binding of enastron analogues

The objective of this study is to evaluate a series of molecules based on cyclosulfamide as potential anticancer agents. Additionally, the study aims to analyze the obtained results through in silico studies; by conducting experiments and utilizing theoretical methods. In this context, we investigated the cytotoxic activity of enastron analogues on three human cell lines PRI (lymphoblastic cell line) derived from B-cell lymphoma. JURKAT (ATCC TIB-152) acute T cell leukaemia and K562 (ATCC CLL-243) is a chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Most of the tested compounds showed good inhibitory activity compared with the reference ligand (chlorambucil). The 5a derivative demonstrated the strongest effect against all cancer cells used. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations of the Eg5-enastron analogue complex revealed that studied molecules have the ability to inhibit the Eg5 enzyme, as evidenced by their calculated docking score. Following the promising results from the molecular docking study, the complex Eg5-4a underwent a 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation using Desmond. During the simulation, the receptor-ligand pairing demonstrated substantial stability after the initial 70 ns. In addition, we used DFT calculations to analyze the electronic and geometric characteristics of the studied compounds. The HOMO and LUMO band gap energies, and the molecular electrostatic potential surface were also deducted for the stable structure of each compound. Also, we studied the prediction of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of the compounds.

Rh(I)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Arylation of Cyclic N-Sulfonyl Diketimines Using Planar-Chiral Phosphine-Olefin Ligands Based on a (Cyclopentadienyl)manganese(I) Scaffold with a Highly Fluorinated Aryl Phosphino Group

Catalytic enantioselective 1,2-addition reactions of arylboronic acids with 1,2,5-thiadiazoline 1,1-dioxide derivatives were achieved using planar-chiral phosphine-olefin ligand L5 with a bis[(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoro)phenyl]phosphino group, showing ≤98% ee. The enantioselectivities of the addition products were improved by increasing the number of fluoro substituents on the aromatic ring of the ligand. X-ray crystallographic studies of 3aa and [RhCl/L5]₂ revealed the absolute configuration of the enantioenriched addition product 3 and the mode of phosphine-olefin bidentate coordination of L5 to a rhodium(I) cation.

1,2,3-Triazole Tethered Hybrid Capsaicinoids as Antiproliferative Agents Active against Lung Cancer Cells (A549)

A series of novel 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of capsaicin and its structural isomer (new natural product hybrid capsaicinoid) were synthesized by exploiting one-/two-point modification of capsaicin without altering the amide linkage (neck). The newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antiproliferative activity against an NCI panel of 60 cancer cell lines at a single dose of 10 μM. Most of the compounds have demonstrated reduced growth between 55 and 95%, whereas capsaicin (10) has shown reduced growth between 0 and 24%. Compounds showing more than 50% growth inhibition were further evaluated for the IC50 value. Among the cell lines tested, lung cancer cell lines (A549, NCI-H460) were found to be more susceptible toward most of the synthesized compounds. Compounds 14g and 14j demonstrated good antiproliferative activity in NCI-H460 with IC50 values of 6.65 and 5.55 μM, respectively, while compounds 18b, 18c, 18f, and 18m demonstrated potential antiproliferative activity in A549 cell lines with IC50 values ranging between 2.9 and 10.5 μM. Among the compounds, compound 18f was found to demonstrate the best activity with an IC50 value of 2.91 μM against A549. Furthermore, 18f induces cell cycle arrest at the S-phase and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential, reducing cell migration potential by inducing cellular apoptosis and higher ROS generation along with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential in addition to surface and nuclear morphological alterations such as a reduction in the number and shrinkage of cells coupled with nuclear blabbing indicating the sign of apoptosis of A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Compound 18f has emerged as a lead molecule and may serve as a template for further discovery of capsaicinoid scaffolds.

Enantioselective Addition of Azlactones to Ethylene Sulfonyl Fluoride via Dual Catalysis

Enantioselective conjugate addition of azlactones to ethylene sulfonyl fluoride has been achieved via the cooperative catalysis with (DHQD)₂PHAL and a hydrogen-bond donor (HBD). This approach furnishes a facile access to a range of structurally diverse azlactone sulfonyl fluoride derivatives with good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities. The combination of azlactone and sulfonyl fluoride group produces valuable unnatural α-quaternary amino acid derivatives for the drug discovery.

Electrochemical synthesis of sulfamides

Organic electrosynthesis enables the formation of symmetrical sulfamides directly from anilines and SO₂ mediated by iodide.