1
|
Magrassi L, Pinton G, Luzzi S, Comincini S, Scravaglieri A, Gigliotti V, Bernardoni BL, D’Agostino I, Juretich F, La Motta C, Garavaglia S. A New Vista of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3): New Specific Inhibitors and Activity-Based Probes Targeting ALDH1A3 Dependent Pathways in Glioblastoma, Mesothelioma and Other Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2397. [PMID: 39001459 PMCID: PMC11240489 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenases of the subfamily 1A (ALDH1A) are enzymes necessary for the oxidation of all-trans or 9-cis retinal to retinoic acid (RA). Retinoic acid and its derivatives are important for normal development and maintenance of epithelia, reproduction, memory, and immune function in adults. Moreover, in recent years, it has been demonstrated that ALDH1A members are also expressed and functional in several human cancers where their role is not limited to the synthesis of RA. Here, we review the current knowledge about ALDH1A3, one of the 1A isoforms, in cancers with an emphasis on two of the deadliest tumors that affect humans: glioblastoma multiforme and mesothelioma. In both tumors, ALDH1A3 is considered a negative prognostic factor, and its level correlates with excessive proliferation, chemoresistance, and invasiveness. We also review the recent attempts to develop both ALDH1A3-selective inhibitors for cancer therapy and ALDH1A3-specific fluorescent substrates for fluorescence-guided tumor resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Magrassi
- Neurosurgery, Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.)
- Istituto di Genetica Molecolare—CNR, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Pinton
- Department of Scienze del Farmaco, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.P.); (V.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Sabino Luzzi
- Neurosurgery, Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Sergio Comincini
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Scravaglieri
- Neurosurgery, Dipartimento di Scienze Clinico-Chirurgiche e Pediatriche, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Valentina Gigliotti
- Department of Scienze del Farmaco, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.P.); (V.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Bianca Laura Bernardoni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.L.B.); (I.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Ilaria D’Agostino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.L.B.); (I.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Francesca Juretich
- Department of Scienze del Farmaco, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.P.); (V.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Concettina La Motta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (B.L.B.); (I.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Silvia Garavaglia
- Department of Scienze del Farmaco, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy; (G.P.); (V.G.); (S.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Biernat-Sudolska M, Rojek-Zakrzewska D, Drożdż K, Bilska-Wilkosz A. Antimicrobial Activity of N,N-Diethyldithiocarbamate against Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:40. [PMID: 38203213 PMCID: PMC10778836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ureaplasma species (Ureaplasma spp.) are commonly found as commensals in the human urogenital tracts, although their overgrowth can lead to infection in the urogenital tract and at distal sites. Furthermore, ureaplasmas lack a cell wall and do not synthesize folic acid, which causes all β-lactam and glycopeptide antibiotics, and sulfonamides and diaminopyrimidines, to be of no value. The antibiotics used in therapy belong to the fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and macrolide classes. However, the growing incidence of antibiotic-resistant Ureaplasma spp. in the population becomes a problem. Thus, there is a need to search for new drugs effective against these bacteria. Since 1951, the FDA-approved, well-tolerated, inexpensive, orally administered drug disulfiram (DSF) has been used in the treatment of chronic alcoholism, but recently, its antimicrobial effects have been demonstrated. The main biological metabolite of DSF, i.e., N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), is generally believed to be responsible for most of the observed pharmacological effects of DSF. In the presented studies, the effect of DDC at concentrations of 2 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL and 200 µg/mL on the growth and survival of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum was tested for the first time. The results indicated that all the used DDC concentrations showed both bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against both tested strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Biernat-Sudolska
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland; (M.B.-S.); (D.R.-Z.); (K.D.)
| | - Danuta Rojek-Zakrzewska
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland; (M.B.-S.); (D.R.-Z.); (K.D.)
| | - Kamil Drożdż
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-121 Krakow, Poland; (M.B.-S.); (D.R.-Z.); (K.D.)
| | - Anna Bilska-Wilkosz
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|