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Jackson JJ, Siegmund AC, Bai WJ, Reed AB, Birkholz AB, Campuzano IDG, Créquer-Grandhomme A, Hu R, Modak RV, Sudom A, Javier N, Sanders C, Lo MC, Xie F, Cee VJ, Manzanillo P, Allen JG. Imidazolone as an Amide Bioisostere in the Development of β-1,3- N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 (B3GNT2) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16120-16140. [PMID: 37988652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
B3GNT2 is responsible for elongation of cell surface long-chain polylactosamine, which influences the regulation of the immune response, making it an attractive target for immunomodulation. In the development of amide containing B3GNT2 inhibitors guided by structure-based drug design, imidazolones were found to successfully serve as amide bioisosteres. This novel imidazolone isosteric strategy alleviated torsional strain of the amide bond on binding to B3GNT2 and improved potency, isoform selectivity, as well as certain physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. Herein, we present the synthesis, SAR, X-ray cocrystal structures, and in vivo PK properties of imidazol-4-ones in the context of B3GNT2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Jackson
- Small Molecule Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Aaron C Siegmund
- Small Molecule Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Wen-Ju Bai
- Small Molecule Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Anthony B Reed
- Small Molecule Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Adam B Birkholz
- Center for Research Acceleration by Digital Innovation, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Iain D G Campuzano
- Center for Research Acceleration by Digital Innovation, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Amandine Créquer-Grandhomme
- Inflammation, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., 750 Gateway Blvd, Ste 100, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ruozhen Hu
- Inflammation, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., 750 Gateway Blvd, Ste 100, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rucha V Modak
- Inflammation, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., 750 Gateway Blvd, Ste 100, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Athena Sudom
- Small Molecule Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Noelle Javier
- Lead Discovery & Characterization, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., 750 Gateway Blvd, Ste 100, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Christiana Sanders
- Lead Discovery & Characterization, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Mei-Chu Lo
- Lead Discovery & Characterization, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., 750 Gateway Blvd, Ste 100, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Fang Xie
- Pharmacokinetics & Drug Metabolism, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., 750 Gateway Blvd, Ste 100, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Victor J Cee
- Small Molecule Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Paolo Manzanillo
- Inflammation, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., 750 Gateway Blvd, Ste 100, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - John G Allen
- Small Molecule Therapeutic Discovery, Amgen Research, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
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Zhuang JQ, Guo YQ, Deng CL, Zhang XG, Tu HY. TBAI-Mediated Cyclization and Methylsulfonylation of Propargylic Amides with Dimethyl Sulfite. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37467194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
A tetramethylammonium iodide (TBAI)-mediated cyclization and methylsulfonylation of propargylic amides enabled by dimethyl sulfite as a SO2 surrogate and methyl source have been developed. The transition metal-free and oxidant-free reaction provides a practical and efficient approach for the selective synthesis of methylsulfonyl oxazoles in moderate to excellent yields with good functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qing Zhuang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ying-Qiong Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chen-Liang Deng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xing-Guo Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hai-Yong Tu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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3
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Li A, Li C, Yang T, Yang Z, Liu Y, Li L, Tang K, Zhou C. Electrochemical Synthesis of Benzo[ d]imidazole via Intramolecular C(sp 3)-H Amination. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1928-1935. [PMID: 34918925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical dehydrogenative amination for the synthesis of benzimidazoles was developed. This electrosynthesis method could address the limitations of the C(sp3)-H intramolecular amination synthesis reaction and provide novel access to obtain 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles without transition metals and oxidants. Under undivided electrolytic conditions, various benzimidazole derivatives could be synthesized, exhibiting functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Li
- Province Key Laboratory for Fine Petrochemical Catalysis and Separation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P. R. China
| | - Caohui Li
- Province Key Laboratory for Fine Petrochemical Catalysis and Separation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- Province Key Laboratory for Fine Petrochemical Catalysis and Separation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P. R. China
| | - Zan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Province Key Laboratory for Fine Petrochemical Catalysis and Separation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P. R. China
| | - LiJun Li
- Province Key Laboratory for Fine Petrochemical Catalysis and Separation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P. R. China
| | - KeWen Tang
- Province Key Laboratory for Fine Petrochemical Catalysis and Separation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P. R. China
| | - Congshan Zhou
- Province Key Laboratory for Fine Petrochemical Catalysis and Separation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang, Hunan 414000, P. R. China
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Angelini G, Mura G, Messina G. Therapeutic approaches to preserve the musculature in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: The importance of the secondary therapies. Exp Cell Res 2022; 410:112968. [PMID: 34883113 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are heterogeneous diseases, characterized by primary wasting of skeletal muscle, which in severe cases, such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), leads to wheelchair dependency, respiratory failure, and premature death. Research is ongoing to develop efficacious therapies, particularly for DMD. Most of the efforts, currently focusing on correcting or restoring the primary defect of MDs, are based on gene-addition, exon-skipping, stop codon read-through, and genome-editing. Although promising, most of them revealed several practical limitations. Shared knowledge in the field is that, in order to be really successful, any therapeutic approach has to rely on spared functional muscle tissue, restricting the number of patients eligible for clinical trials to the youngest and less compromised individuals. In line with this, many therapeutic strategies aim to preserve muscle tissue and function. This Review outlines the most interesting and recent studies addressing the secondary outcomes of DMD and how to better deliver the therapeutic agents. In the future, the effective treatment of DMD will likely require combinations of therapies addressing both the primary genetic defect and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Angelini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Mura
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziella Messina
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Structural overview and perspectives of the nuclear receptors, a major family as the direct targets for small-molecule drugs. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 54:12-24. [PMID: 35130630 PMCID: PMC9909358 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2021001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptors (NRs) are an evolutionarily related family of transcription factors, which share certain common structural characteristics and regulate the expressions of various genes by recognizing different response elements. NRs play important roles in cell differentiation, proliferation, survival and apoptosis, rendering them indispensable in many physiological activities including growth and metabolism. As a result, dysfunctions of NRs are closely related to a variety of diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, infertility, inflammation, the Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular diseases, prostate and breast cancers. Meanwhile, small-molecule drugs directly targeting NRs have been widely used in the treatment of above diseases. Here we summarize recent progress in the structural biology studies of NR family proteins. Compared with the dozens of structures of isolated DNA-binding domains (DBDs) and the striking more than a thousand of structures of isolated ligand-binding domains (LBDs) accumulated in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) over thirty years, by now there are only a small number of multi-domain NR complex structures, which reveal the integration of different NR domains capable of the allosteric signal transduction, or the detailed interactions between NR and various coregulator proteins. On the other hand, the structural information about several orphan NRs is still totally unavailable, hindering the further understanding of their functions. The fast development of new technologies in structural biology will certainly help us gain more comprehensive information of NR structures, inspiring the discovery of novel NR-targeting drugs with a new binding site beyond the classic LBD pockets and/or a new mechanism of action.
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Wang W, Zhang S, Shi G, Chen Z. Electrochemical synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles from enamines and benzylamines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:6682-6686. [PMID: 34282817 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00942g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical method for synthesizing 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles was developed under undivided electrolytic conditions. This synthesis was specifically realized based on electrochemical C(sp3)-H amination via enamines and amines. Readily available starting materials were used, avoiding the use of both transition metals and oxidants. The practicability of the method lies in its broad substrate adaptability and in its ability to provide a simple green pathway for synthesizing GABAA receptor analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Guang Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
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Kadayat TM, Shrestha A, Jeon YH, An H, Kim J, Cho SJ, Chin J. Targeting Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Delta (PPARδ): A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10109-10134. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tara Man Kadayat
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Aarajana Shrestha
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongchan An
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwook Chin
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
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Yang Z, Zhang J, Hu L, Li A, Li L, Liu K, Yang T, Zhou C. Electrochemical HI-mediated Intermolecular C–N Bond Formation to Synthesize Imidazoles from Aryl Ketones and Benzylamines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5952-5958. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Liping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - An Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Lijun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Kun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
| | - Congshan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China
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Lagu B, Senaiar RS, Kluge AF, Mallesh B, Ramakrishna M, Bhat R, Patane MA. Addressing hERG activity while maintaining favorable potency, selectivity and pharmacokinetic properties of PPARδ modulators. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126928. [PMID: 31889664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most commonly used strategies to reduce hERG (human ether-a-go-go) activity in the drug candidates is introduction of a carboxylic acid group. During the optimization of PPARδ modulators, some of the compounds containing a carboxylic acid were found to inhibit the hERG channel in a patch clamp assay. By modifying the basicity of the imidazole core, potent and selective PPARδ modulators that do not inhibit hERG channel were identified. Some of the modulators have excellent pharmacokinetic profiles in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Lagu
- Mitobridge, Inc. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Astellas Pharma.), 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | | | - Arthur F Kluge
- Mitobridge, Inc. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Astellas Pharma.), 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - B Mallesh
- Aurigene Discovery Technologies, Ltd., Bengaluru, India
| | - M Ramakrishna
- Aurigene Discovery Technologies, Ltd., Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Michael A Patane
- Mitobridge, Inc. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Astellas Pharma.), 1030 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Bioactive drimane sesquiterpenoids and isocoumarins from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium minioluteum ZZ1657. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Sun S, Jia Q, Zhang Z. Applications of amide isosteres in medicinal chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2535-2550. [PMID: 31377035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Isosteric replacement of amide groups is a classic practice in medicinal chemistry. This digest highlights the applications of most commonly employed amide isosteres in drug design aiming at improving potency and selectivity, optimizing physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties, eliminating or modifying toxicophores, as well as providing novel intellectual property of lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyi Sun
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8, Canada.
| | - Qi Jia
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc., 200-3650 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4W8, Canada
| | - Zaihui Zhang
- Signalchem Lifesciences Corp., 110-13210, Vanier Place, Richmond, BC V6V 2J2, Canada
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