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Ntayeesh TJ, Arefi M. Analysis of sandwich graphene origami composite plate sandwiched by piezoelectric/piezomagnetic layers: A higher-order electro-magneto-elastic analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29436. [PMID: 38681654 PMCID: PMC11053205 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This work applies a higher order thickness-stretched model for the electro-elastic analysis of the composite graphene origami reinforced square plate sandwiched by the piezoelectric/piezomagnetic layers subjected to the thermal, electric, magnetic and mechanical loads. The plate is manufactured of a copper matrix reinforced with graphene origami where the effective material properties are calculated based on the micromechanical models as a function of volume fraction and folding degree of graphene origami, material properties of matrix, reinforcement, and local temperature. The governing equations are derived using the virtual work principle in terms of the bending, shear and stretching functions, in-plane displacements, electric, and magnetic potentials. The numerical results including various displacement components, maximum electric, and magnetic potentials are presented with changes of volume fraction, folding degree of reinforcement, electrical, magnetic, and thermal loading. A verification investigation is presented for approve of the methodology, and the solution procedure. The main novelty of this work is simultaneous effect of the thickness stretching and the multi-field loading on the electromagnetic bending results of the sandwich plate. Another novelty of this work is usage of graphene origami nano-reinforcement as a controllable material in a sandwich structure subjected to multi-field loadings. The results show an increase in bending, shear, and stretching deflections with an increase in electromagnetic loads, and folding degree as well as a decrease in volume fraction of reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaier J. Ntayeesh
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 10071, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Arefi
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Solid Mechanics, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran
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Cai J, Yang B, Akbarzadeh A. Origami Metamaterials Enable Low-Stress-Driven Giant Elastocaloric Effect. ACS NANO 2024; 18:894-908. [PMID: 38149799 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Elastocaloric materials, capable of achieving reversible thermal changes in response to a uniaxial stress, have attracted considerable attention for applications in advanced thermal management technologies, owing to their environmental friendliness and economic benefits. However, most elastocaloric materials operating on the basis of first/second-order phase transition often exhibit a limited caloric response, field hysteresis, and restricted working temperature ranges. This study resorts to origami engineering for realizing multifunctional metamaterials with exceptional elastocaloric effects at both nano (exemplified by computational simulations for graphene) and meso (demonstrated by experimentation on thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers) scales. The findings uncover that the graphene origami exhibits low-stress-driven reversible and giant elastocaloric effects without a hysteresis loss and with a high elastocaloric strength. These effects are achieved across a wide working temperature range (100-600 K) and are tailorable by fine-tuning the topological parameters and configurational status of the origami metamaterials. We demonstrate the scalability of the origami design strategy for magnifying the elastocaloric effect by the 3D printing of a mesoscale origami-inspired thermoplastic polyurethane metastructure that showcases enhanced elastocaloric performance at room temperature. This study presents the potential for the realization of architected elastocaloric materials through surface functionalization and origami engineering. The findings impart exciting prospects of elastocaloric origami metamaterials as the next generation of multiscale and sustainable thermal management technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cai
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Abdolhamid Akbarzadeh
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec H9X 3V9, Canada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Québec H9A 0C3, Canada
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Wu R, Tian H, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Xing CY, Zhang G, Ren TL. Macroscopic negative differential thermal resistance in the overlapping graphene homojunction structure. iScience 2023; 26:107493. [PMID: 37588166 PMCID: PMC10425946 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most potential ways to manipulate heat, thermal functional devices have achieved several breakthroughs in recent years, but are still limited to theoretical simulations. One of its theoretical bases is the existence of the negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR). However, most of the existing systems where the phenomenon of NDTR is found are atomic-level systems. In order to realize the macroscopic NDTR and provide effective theoretical guidance and support for the practical realization of thermal functional devices, we construct the overlapping graphene homojunction model, using the negative thermal expansion property of graphene to modify the overlapping area, and thus regulating the heat flow. The COMSOL-MATLAB co-simulation is used to perform calculations through negative feedback loops. It is found that the NDTR phenomenon exists under certain parameter conditions, which can provide new ideas and bring more opportunities for the experimental realization of nonlinear thermal functional devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- School of Integrated Circuit and the Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - He Tian
- School of Integrated Circuit and the Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengqiang Zhu
- School of Integrated Circuit and the Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Institute of Aerospace Control Devices, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Yanming Liu
- School of Integrated Circuit and the Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing Institute of Aerospace Control Devices, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Chao-Yang Xing
- Beijing Institute of Aerospace Control Devices, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Institute of High Performance Computing, A∗STAR, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Tian-Ling Ren
- School of Integrated Circuit and the Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Murzaev RT, Krylova KA, Baimova JA. Thermal Expansion and Thermal Conductivity of Ni/Graphene Composite: Molecular Dynamics Simulation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103747. [PMID: 37241373 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficients of a new morphology of Ni/graphene composites are studied by molecular dynamics. The matrix of the considered composite is crumpled graphene, which is composed of crumpled graphene flakes of 2-4 nm size connected by van der Waals force. Pores of the crumpled graphene matrix were filled with small Ni nanoparticles. Three composite structures with different sizes of Ni nanoparticles (or different Ni content-8, 16, and 24 at.% Ni) were considered. The thermal conductivity of Ni/graphene composite was associated with the formation of a crumpled graphene structure (with a high density of wrinkles) during the composite fabrication and with the formation of a contact boundary between the Ni and graphene network. It was found that, the greater the Ni content in the composite, the higher the thermal conductivity. For example, at 300 K, λ = 40 W/(mK) for 8 at.% Ni, λ = 50 W/(mK) for 16 at.% Ni, and λ = 60 W/(mK) for 24 at.% Ni. However, it was shown that thermal conductivity slightly depends on the temperature in a range between 100 and 600 K. The increase in the thermal expansion coefficient from 5 × 10-6 K-1, with an increase in the Ni content, to 8 × 10-6 K-1 is explained by the fact that pure Ni has high thermal conductivity. The results obtained on thermal properties combined with the high mechanical properties of Ni/graphene composites allow us to predict its application for the fabrication of new flexible electronics, supercapacitors, and Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramil T Murzaev
- Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450001, Russia
| | - Karina A Krylova
- Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450001, Russia
| | - Julia A Baimova
- Institute for Metals Superplasticity Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa 450001, Russia
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Sun Y, Kirimoto K, Takase T, Eto D, Yoshimura S, Tsuru S. Possible pair-graphene structures govern the thermodynamic properties of arbitrarily stacked few-layer graphene. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23401. [PMID: 34862468 PMCID: PMC8642524 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of few-layer graphene arbitrarily stacked on LiNbO3 crystal were characterized by measuring the parameters of a surface acoustic wave as it passed through the graphene/LiNbO3 interface. The parameters considered included the propagation velocity, frequency, and attenuation. Mono-, bi-, tri-, tetra-, and penta-layer graphene samples were prepared by transferring individual graphene layers onto LiNbO3 crystal surfaces at room temperature. Intra-layer lattice deformation was observed in all five samples. Further inter-layer lattice deformation was confirmed in samples with odd numbers of layers. The inter-layer lattice deformation caused stick-slip friction at the graphene/LiNbO3 interface near the temperature at which the layers were stacked. The thermal expansion coefficient of the deformed few-layer graphene transitioned from positive to negative as the number of layers increased. To explain the experimental results, we proposed a few-layer graphene even-odd layer number stacking order effect. A stable pair-graphene structure formed preferentially in the few-layer graphene. In even-layer graphene, the pair-graphene structure formed directly on the LiNbO3 substrate. Contrasting phenomena were noted with odd-layer graphene. Single-layer graphene was bound to the substrate after the stable pair-graphene structure was formed. The pair-graphene structure affected the stacking order and inter-layer lattice deformation of few-layer graphene substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Sun
- Department of Applied Science for Integrated System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Senshuimachi, Tobata, Kitakyushu-City, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan.
| | - Kenta Kirimoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Kitakyushu National College of Technology, 5-20-1 shii, Kokuraminami, Kitakyushu-City, Fukuoka, 802-0985, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takase
- Department of Humanities, Baiko Gakuin University, 1-1-1 Koyocho, Shimonoseki-City, Yamaguchi, 750-8511, Japan
| | - Daichi Eto
- Department of Applied Science for Integrated System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Senshuimachi, Tobata, Kitakyushu-City, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan
| | - Shohei Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Science for Integrated System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Senshuimachi, Tobata, Kitakyushu-City, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan
| | - Shota Tsuru
- Department of Applied Science for Integrated System Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Senshuimachi, Tobata, Kitakyushu-City, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan
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Yang C, Li J, Wang X, Yang D, Shi H, Meng S, Du S. ZrW 2O 8/ZrO 2 Composites with Low/Near-Zero Coefficients of Thermal Expansion Fabricated at Ultralow Temperature: An Integration of Hydrothermal Assembly and a Cold Sintering Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:39738-39747. [PMID: 34374508 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ZrW2O8/ZrO2 composites with tunable low/near-zero coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) are promising candidates in several fields including aerospace, precision manufacturing and measurement, electronic circuit, etc., for counteracting the thermal expansion effect. However, bottleneck issues (such as the unstable decomposition of ZrW2O8 phase, manufacturing size limitation, etc.) caused by conventional high-temperature sintering impede the development and application of ZrW2O8/ZrO2. To solve these scientific issues, a methodology integrating hydrothermal assembly with a cold sintering process (CSP) is exploited. The ZrW2O8/ZrO2 composite powders with a mace-like structure, in which the spherical ZrO2 nanoparticles peripherally embed on the rod-like ZrW2O8 matrix particles, are hydrothermally assembled. Then, the relatively dense ZrW2O8/ZrO2 composites with excellent low or even near-zero CTE are successfully achieved by CSP (as low as 190 °C) with a postannealing treatment (550 °C). The evolution of sintering densification, phase composition, and microstructure followed by the fundamental mechanism regarding the hydrothermal assembly of the mace-like structure and densification of CSP are investigated in detail. This research not only effectively overcomes the bottleneck issues of ZrW2O8/ZrO2 via integrating the hydrothermal assembly with the sintering technology at ultralow temperature but also develops a promising prospect for the fabrication of a broader range of metastable functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Department of Ceramics in Petrochemical Engineering & Environmental Protection, Shandong Guiyuan Advanced Ceramic Co., Ltd. (Sicer), Zibo 255035, P. R. China
| | - Haofan Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Songhe Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
| | - Shanyi Du
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, P. R. China
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Batista RJC, Dias RF, Barboza APM, de Oliveira AB, Manhabosco TM, Gomes-Silva TR, Matos MJS, Gadelha AC, Rabelo C, Cançado LGL, Jorio A, Chacham H, Neves BRA. Nanomechanics of few-layer materials: do individual layers slide upon folding? BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:1801-1808. [PMID: 33335824 PMCID: PMC7722626 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Folds naturally appear on nanometrically thin materials, also called "2D materials", after exfoliation, eventually creating folded edges across the resulting flakes. We investigate the adhesion and flexural properties of single-layered and multilayered 2D materials upon folding in the present work. This is accomplished by measuring and modeling mechanical properties of folded edges, which allows for the experimental determination of the bending stiffness (κ) of multilayered 2D materials as a function of the number of layers (n). In the case of talc, we obtain κ ∝ n 3 for n ≥ 5, indicating no interlayer sliding upon folding, at least in this thickness range. In contrast, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy measurements on edges in folded graphene flakes, 14 layers thick, show no significant strain. This indicates that layers in graphene flakes, up to 5 nm thick, can still slip to relieve stress, showing the richness of the effect in 2D systems. The obtained interlayer adhesion energy for graphene (0.25 N/m) and talc (0.62 N/m) is in good agreement with recent experimental results and theoretical predictions. The obtained value for the adhesion energy of graphene on a silicon substrate is also in agreement with previous results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo J C Batista
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Rafael F Dias
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana P M Barboza
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Alan B de Oliveira
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Taise M Manhabosco
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago R Gomes-Silva
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Matheus J S Matos
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 35400-000, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Andreij C Gadelha
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Rabelo
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz G L Cançado
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ado Jorio
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Hélio Chacham
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Bernardo R A Neves
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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