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Yu T, Liu X, Kang H, Ding T, Cheng R, He J, Sun Z, Zeng M, Fu L. Cutting-Edge Research in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: Celebrating the 130th Anniversary of Wuhan University. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24423-24430. [PMID: 38095315 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to the fast-paced progress of microscopic theories and nanotechnologies, a tremendous world of fundamental science and applications has opened up at the nanoscale. Ranging from quantum physics to chemical and biological mechanisms and from device functionality to materials engineering, nanoresearch has become an essential part of various fields. As one of the top universities in China, Wuhan University (WHU) aims to promote cutting-edge nanoresearch in multiple disciplines by leveraging comprehensive academic programs established throughout 130 years of history. As visible in prestigious scientific journals such as ACS Nano, WHU has made impactful advancements in various frontiers, including nanophotonics, functional nanomaterials and devices, biomedical nanomaterials, nanochemistry, and environmental science. In light of these contributions, WHU will be committed to serving talents and scientists wholeheartedly, fully supporting international collaborations and continuously driving innovative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Kang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology, Wuhan 430206, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
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Domingues TS, Coifman RR, Haji-Akbari A. Robust Estimation of Position-Dependent Anisotropic Diffusivity Tensors from Molecular Dynamics Trajectories. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8644-8659. [PMID: 37757480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Confinement breaks translational and rotational symmetry in materials and makes all physical properties functions of position. Such spatial variations are key to modulating material properties at the nanoscale, and characterizing them accurately is therefore an intense area of research in the molecular simulations community. This is relatively easy to accomplish for basic mechanical observables. Determining spatial profiles of transport properties, such as diffusivity, is, however, much more challenging, as it requires calculating position-dependent autocorrelations of mechanical observables. In our previous paper (Domingues, T.S.; Coifman, R.; Haji-Akbari, A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2023, 127, 5273 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00670), we analytically derive and numerically validate a set of filtered covariance estimators (FCEs) for quantifying spatial variations of the diffusivity tensor from stochastic trajectories. In this work, we adapt these estimators to extract diffusivity profiles from MD trajectories and validate them by applying them to a Lennard-Jones fluid within a slit pore. We find our MD-adapted estimator to exhibit the same qualitative features as its stochastic counterpart, as it accurately estimates the lateral diffusivity across the pore while systematically underestimating the normal diffusivity close to hard boundaries. We introduce a conceptually simple and numerically efficient correction scheme based on simulated annealing and diffusion maps to resolve the latter artifact and obtain normal diffusivity profiles that are consistent with the self-part of the van Hove correlation functions. Our findings demonstrate the potential of this MD-adapted estimator in accurately characterizing spatial variations of diffusivity in confined materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S Domingues
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ronald R Coifman
- Department of Mathematics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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Domingues TS, Coifman RR, Haji-Akbari A. Robust Estimation of Position-Dependent Anisotropic Diffusivity Tensors from Stochastic Trajectories. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37261948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Materials under confinement can possess properties that deviate considerably from their bulk counterparts. Indeed, confinement makes all physical properties position-dependent and possibly anisotropic, and characterizing such spatial variations and directionality has been an intense area of focus in experimental and computational studies of confined matter. While this task is fairly straightforward for simple mechanical observables, it is far more daunting for transport properties such as diffusivity that can only be estimated from autocorrelations of mechanical observables. For instance, there are well established methods for estimating diffusivity from experimentally observed or computationally generated trajectories in bulk systems. No rigorous generalizations of such methods, however, exist for confined systems. In this work, we present two filtered covariance estimators for computing anisotropic and position-dependent diffusivity tensors and validate them by applying them to stochastic trajectories generated according to known diffusivity profiles. These estimators can accurately capture spatial variations that span over several orders of magnitude and that assume different functional forms. Our kernel-based approach is also very robust to implementation details such as the localization function and time discretization and performs significantly better than estimators that are solely based on local covariance. Moreover, the kernel function does not have to be localized and can instead belong to a dictionary of orthogonal functions. Therefore, the proposed estimator can be readily used to obtain functional estimates of diffusivity rather than a tabulated collection of pointwise estimates. Nonetheless, the susceptibility of the proposed estimators to time discretization is higher at the immediate vicinity of hard boundaries. We demonstrate this heightened susceptibility to be common among all covariance-based estimators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S Domingues
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Ronald R Coifman
- Department of Mathematics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Amir Haji-Akbari
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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Gao E, Yang H, Guo Y, Nielsen SO, Baughman RH. The Stiffest and Strongest Predicted Material: C 2 N Atomic Chains Approach the Theoretical Limits. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2204884. [PMID: 37088728 PMCID: PMC10369241 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Though linear atomic chains exhibit extreme properties, it is presently unclear how these properties can be maximized by the choice of elemental composition. Considering that boron, carbon, and nitrogen can form high modulus and high strength atomic chains, here an algorithm is developed to construct 143 possible atomic chains of these elements with 6 or fewer atoms in the primitive cell and explore their stabilities and mechanical properties by first-principles calculations. It is found that the gravimetric modulus (1032 GPa g-1 cm3 ) and strength (108 GPa g-1 cm3 ) of the C2 N chain significantly exceed those of any known material, including the previously stiffest predicted material (C chain, 945 GPa g-1 cm3 ) and the previously strongest predicted material (BC chain, 92 GPa g-1 cm3 ), and also approach the theoretical limits of gravimetric modulus (1036 GPa g-1 cm3 ) and strength (130 GPa g-1 cm3 ). Mechanistic analyses demonstrate that the higher gravimetric modulus and strength of the C2 N chain, compared with the C and BC chains, originate from its short, stiff chemical bonding and the abnormal decrease in bond length alternation under tension. The likely ease of fabrication and potential synthesis routes for C2 N chains are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enlai Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Yongzhe Guo
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Steven O Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Ray H Baughman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
- Alan G. MacDiarmid NanoTech Institute, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
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Wong CH, Yeung YM, Zhao X, Law WC, Tang CY, Mak CL, Leung CW, Shi L, Lortz R. A Simulation of the Effect of External and Internal Parameters on the Synthesis of a Carbyne with More than 6000 Atoms for Emerging Continuously Tunable Energy Barriers in CNT-Based Transistors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1048. [PMID: 36985943 PMCID: PMC10058369 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transistors made up of carbon nanotube CNT have demonstrated excellent current-voltage characteristics which outperform some high-grade silicon-based transistors. A continuously tunable energy barrier across semiconductor interfaces is desired to make the CNT-based transistors more robust. Despite that the direct band gap of the carbyne inside a CNT can be widely tuned by strain, the size of the carbyne cannot be controlled easily. The production of a monoatomic chain with more than 6000 carbon atoms is an enormous technological challenge. To predict the optimal chain length of a carbyne in different molecular environments, we have developed a Monte Carlo model in which a finite-length carbyne with a size of 4000-15,000 atoms is encapsulated by a CNT at finite temperatures. Our simulation shows that the stability of the carbyne@nanotube is strongly influenced by the nature and porosity of the CNT, the external pressure, the temperature, and the chain length. We have observed an initiation of the chain-breaking process in a compressed carbyne@nanotube. Our work provides much-needed input for optimizing the carbyne length to produce carbon chains much longer than 6000 atoms at ~300 K. Design rules are proposed for synthesizing ~1% strained carbyne@(6,5)CNT as a component in CNT-based transistors to tune the energy barriers continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ho Wong
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yan Ming Yeung
- School of Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wing Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chak Yin Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chee Leung Mak
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chi Wah Leung
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Rolf Lortz
- Department of Physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Marforio TD, Tomasini M, Bottoni A, Zerbetto F, Mattioli EJ, Calvaresi M. Deciphering the Reactive Pathways of Competitive Reactions inside Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 13:8. [PMID: 36615918 PMCID: PMC9823513 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale control of chemical reactivity, manipulation of reaction pathways, and ultimately driving the outcome of chemical reactions are quickly becoming reality. A variety of tools are concurring to establish such capability. The confinement of guest molecules inside nanoreactors, such as the hollow nanostructures of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), is a straightforward and highly fascinating approach. It mechanically hinders some molecular movements but also decreases the free energy of translation of the system with respect to that of a macroscopic solution. Here, we examined, at the quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) level, the effect of confinement inside CNTs on nucleophilic substitution (SN2) and elimination (syn-E2 and anti-E2) using as a model system the reaction between ethyl chloride and chloride. Our results show that the three reaction mechanisms are kinetically and thermodynamically affected by the CNT host. The size of the nanoreactor, i.e., the CNT diameter, represents the key factor to control the energy profiles of the reactions. A careful analysis of the interactions between the CNTs and the reactive system allowed us to identify the driving force of the catalytic process. The electrostatic term controls the reaction kinetics in the SN2 and syn/anti-E2 reactions. The van der Waals interactions play an important role in the stabilization of the product of the elimination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainah Dorina Marforio
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Tomasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Edoardo Jun Mattioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Via Francesco Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Gao E, Zhou K, Shi L, Xu Z. Comment on "Anharmonicity and Universal Response of Linear Carbon Chain Mechanical Properties under Hydrostatic Pressure". PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:219601. [PMID: 35687449 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.219601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enlai Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049 Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics and Center for Nano and Micro Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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On the Stabilization of Carbynes Encapsulated in Penta-Graphene Nanotubes: a DFT Study. J Mol Model 2021; 27:318. [PMID: 34633553 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We carried out density functional theory calculations to investigate the electronic and structural properties of linear carbon chains (carbynes) encapsulated in armchair and zigzag penta-graphene (PGNT) nanotubes. Results showed that PGNTs-wrapped carbyne can present negative formation energies that tend to stabilize that encapsulated carbon chains. These chains were stabilized in their cumulene and polyyne forms, with slight dependence on tube diameter. As a general trend, the PGNT band structures are kept almost unchanged upon carbyne encapsulation. This finding indicates weak orbital interactions between the PGNT and the carbyne. No net charge was found in chains encapsulated on zigzag PGNTs. Schematic representation of a carbyne encapsulated in a pentagraphene nanotube.
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Yang X, Zhao X, Liu T, Yang F. Precise Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and
One‐Dimensional
Hybrids from Templates
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Tianhui Liu
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Feng Yang
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
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