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Wang S, Zhao G, Zeng Y, Lin H, Lin B, Pan M. Dynamically crosslinked chiral optics sensing for ultra-sensitive VOCs detection. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 361:142530. [PMID: 38851511 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Chiroptical sensing with real-time colorimetrical detection has been emerged as quantifiable properties, enantioselective responsiveness, and optical manipulation in environmental monitoring, food safety and other trace identification fields. However, the sensitivity of chiroptical sensing materials remains an immense challenge. Here, we report a dynamically crosslinking strategy to facilitate highly sensitive chiroptical sensing material. Chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were co-assembled with amino acid by a two-step esterification, of which a precisely tunable helical pitch, a unique spiral conformation with hierarchical and numerous active sites in sensing performance could be trigged by dynamic covalent bond on amines. Such a CNC/amino acid chiral optics features an ultra-trace amount of 0.08 mg/m3 and a high sensitivity of 60 nm/(mg/m3) for formaldehyde gas at a molecule level detection, which is due to the three synergistic adsorption enhancement of dynamic covalent bonded interaction, hydrogen bonded interaction and van der Waals interaction. Meanwhile, an enhancement hierarchical adsorption of CNC/amino acid chiral materials can be readily representative to the precise helical pitch and colorimetrical switch for sensitive visualization reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiqi Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Guomin Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yihan Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Haifeng Lin
- College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Bingqun Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Mingzhu Pan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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2
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Singh J, Gupta S, Chokshi P. Confinement-induced self-assembly of a diblock copolymer within a non-uniform cylindrical nanopore. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1543-1553. [PMID: 38268494 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The self-assembly of a diblock copolymer melt confined within a non-uniform cylindrical nanopore is studied using the self-consistent field theory. The non-uniformity manifests in the form of a converging-diverging cylindrical nanopore. The axial variation in pore diameter presents a range of curvatures within the same confinement pore as opposed to a single curvature in a uniform-diameter cylindrical pore. The introduction of multiple curvatures leads to the formation of novel microstructures not accessible in uniform cylindrical confinement. The well-known equilibrium structures like a single helix, double helices, and concentric lamella under cylindrical confinement transition into new morphologies such as hyperboloidal phases, microstructures containing rings with a bead, rings with spheres, and a squeezed helical phase as the pore diameter varies axially. The converging-diverging geometry of the confining pore renders the helical phases seen in the cylindrical pore less favorable. A phase diagram in the parametric space of the block fraction and the ratio of the smallest and largest pore radii has been constructed to depict the order-order transition of various microstructures. The ratio of radii, a measure of the non-uniformity of the pore, along with the pore length brings out some interesting morphologies. The mechanism of these structural transitions is understood as the interplay between the variation in pore curvature attributed to the non-uniformity, the spontaneous curvature of the block copolymer interface, and the enthalpic interaction between the segregated blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagat Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110 016, India.
| | - Supriya Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110 016, India.
| | - Paresh Chokshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110 016, India.
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3
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Sun M, Chen W, Qin L, Xie XM. The Effect of Colloidal Nanoparticles on Phase Separation of Block and Heteroarm Star Copolymers Confined between Polymer Brushes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:804. [PMID: 38399056 PMCID: PMC10890131 DOI: 10.3390/ma17040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The effect of colloidal nanoparticles on the phase changes of the amphiphilic AB linear diblock, A1A2B, and A2B heteroarm star copolymers confined between two polymer brush substrates was investigated by using a real-space self-consistent field theory. By changing the concentrations of nanoparticles and polymer brushes, the phase structure of the amphiphilic AB copolymer transforms from lamellar to core-shell hexagonal phase to cylinder phase. The pattern of A2B heteroarm star copolymer changes from core-shell hexagonal phases to lamellar phases and the layer decreases when increasing the density of the polymer brushes. The results showed that the phase behavior of the system is strongly influenced by the polymer brush architecture and the colloidal nanoparticle numbers. The colloidal nanoparticles and the soft confined surface of polymer brushes make amphiphilic AB copolymers easier to form ordered structures. The dispersion of the nanoparticles was also investigated in detail. The soft surfaces of polymer brushes and the conformation of the block copolymers work together to force the nanoparticles to disperse evenly. It will give helpful guidance for making some new functional materials by nano etching technology, nano photoresist, and nanoprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensors, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China;
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenyu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China;
| | - Lei Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensors, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China;
| | - Xu-Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE), Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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4
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Gong X, Yin X, Wang F, Liu X, Yu J, Zhang S, Ding B. Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes: A Versatile Medium for Waterproof and Breathable Application. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205067. [PMID: 36403221 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Waterproof and breathable membranes that prevent liquid water penetration, while allowing air and moisture transmission, have attracted significant attention for various applications. Electrospun nanofiber materials with adjustable pore structures, easily tunable wettability, and good pore connectivity, have shown significant potential for constructing waterproof and breathable membranes. Herein, a systematic overview of the recent progress in the design, fabrication, and application of waterproof and breathable nanofibrous membranes is provided. The various strategies for fabricating the membranes mainly including one-step electrospinning and post-treatment of nanofibers are given as a starting point for the discussion. The different design concepts and structural characteristics of each type of waterproof and breathable membrane are comprehensively analyzed. Then, some representative applications of the membranes are highlighted, involving personal protection, desalination, medical dressing, and electronics. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives associated with waterproof and breathable nanofibrous membranes are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobao Gong
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Xia Yin
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Shichao Zhang
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
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5
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Yu YG, Ko JH, An JH, Kang BG, Song YM, Lee JS. Self-assembly of POSS-Polystyrene Bottlebrush Block Copolymers on an Angle-Robust Selective Absorber for Enhancing the Purity of Reflective Structural Color. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44753-44761. [PMID: 36075087 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A facile approach for improving color purity is explored by the introduction of an angle-robust selective absorber (ARSA) into bottlebrush block copolymer (BBCP)-based one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (PCs). The BBCPs of poly[(3-(12-(cis-5-norbornene-exo-2,3-dicarboximido)dodecanoylamino)propyl POSS)-block-(norbornene-graft-styrene)], Px (x = 1-4), with ultrahigh molecular weights (Mn ∼ 2260 kDa) and low dispersities (D̵ ∼ 1.07) are synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. The 1D PCs of the lamellar structure are fabricated by self-assembly of the BBCP with different periodicities for full color-generation (blue, green, and red). The optically tailored substrate (i.e., ARSA) is used to modulate the spectral line shape with selective absorption in the near-infrared range. Optical simulation proposes the optimized 1D PC structures on the ARSA, and it provides the reproducibility of the predictable color. The simulated structures are well matched with the experimental results, verifying the enhancement of color saturation even at various incident angles (0-70°).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guen Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hwan Ko
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun An
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Goo Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Song
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Suk Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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Bersenev EA, Nikitina EA, Dashtimoghadam E, Sheiko SS, Ivanov DA. Bottlebrush Elastomers with Crystallizable Side Chains: Monitoring Configuration of Polymer Backbones in the Amorphous Regions during Crystallization. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1085-1090. [PMID: 35998353 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Brush-like elastomers with crystallizable side chains hold promise for biomedical applications requiring the presence of two distinct mechanical states below and above body temperature: hard and supersoft. The hard semicrystalline state facilitates piercing of the body whereupon the material softens to match the mechanics of surrounding soft tissue. To understand the transition between the two states, the crystallization process was studied with synchrotron X-ray scattering for a series of brush elastomers with poly(ε-caprolactone) side chains bearing from 7 to 13 repeat units. The so-called bottlebrush correlation peak was used to monitor configuration of bottlebrush backbones in the amorphous regions during the crystallization process. In the course of crystallization, the backbones are expelled into the interlamellar amorphous gaps, which is accompanied by their conformational changes and leads to partitioning to unconfined (melt) and confined (semicrystalline) (conformational) states. The crystallization process starts by consumption of the unconfined macromolecules by the growing crystals followed by reconfiguration of macromolecules within the already grown spherulites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor A Bersenev
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), GSP-1, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniia A Nikitina
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), GSP-1, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russian Federation
| | - Erfan Dashtimoghadam
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Sergei S Sheiko
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Dimitri A Ivanov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), GSP-1, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russian Federation.,Institut de Sciences des Matériaux de Mulhouse-IS2M, CNRS UMR 7361, F-68057 Mulhouse, France.,Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Avenue, 354340, Sochi, Russian Federation
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Robertson M, Zagho MM, Nazarenko S, Qiang Z. Mesoporous carbons from self‐assembled polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Robertson
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Moustafa M. Zagho
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Sergei Nazarenko
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Zhe Qiang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
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8
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Patel BB, Walsh DJ, Patel K, Kim DH, Kwok JJ, Guironnet D, Diao Y. Rapid, interface-driven domain orientation in bottlebrush diblock copolymer films during thermal annealing. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1666-1677. [PMID: 35133377 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01634b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Favorable polymer-substrate interactions induce surface orientation fields in block copolymer (BCP) melts. In linear BCP processed near equilibrium, alignment of domains generally persists for a small number of periods (∼4-6 D0) before randomization of domain orientation. Bottlebrush BCP are an emerging class of materials with distinct chain dynamics stemming from substantial molecular rigidity, enabling rapid assembly at ultrahigh (>100 nm) domain periodicities with strong photonic properties (structural color). This work assesses interface-induced ordering in PS-b-PLA bottlebrush diblock copolymer films during thermal annealing between planar surfaces. To clearly observe the decay in orientational order from surface to bulk, we choose to study micron-scale films spanning greater than 200 lamellar periods. In situ optical microscopy and transmission UV-Vis spectroscopy are used to monitor photonic properties during annealing and paired with ex situ UV-Vis reflection measurement, cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to probe the evolution of domain microstructure. Photonic properties were observed to saturate within minutes of annealing at 150 °C, with distinct variation in transmission response as a function of film thickness. The depth of the highly aligned surface region was found to vary stochastically in the range of 30-100 lamellar periods, with the sharpness of the orientation gradient decreasing substantially with increasing film thickness. This observation suggests a competition between growth of aligned, heterogeneously nucleated, grains at the surface and orientationally isotropic, homogeneously nucleated, grains throughout the bulk. This work demonstrates the high potential of bottlebrush block copolymers in rapid fabrication workflows and provides a point of comparison for future application of directed self-assembly to BBCP ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijal B Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Dylan J Walsh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Kush Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Justin J Kwok
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 W. Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Ying Diao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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9
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Fei HF, Yavitt BM, Nuguri S, Yu YG, Watkins JJ. Ultrafast Self-Assembly of Bottlebrush Statistical Copolymers: Well-Ordered Nanostructures from One-Pot Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Feng Fei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Benjamin M. Yavitt
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Sravya Nuguri
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yong-Guen Yu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - James J. Watkins
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian A. Collins
- Physics and Astronomy Washington State University Pullman Washington USA
| | - Eliot Gann
- Material Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA
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11
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Ginige G, Song Y, Olsen BC, Luber EJ, Yavuz CT, Buriak JM. Solvent Vapor Annealing, Defect Analysis, and Optimization of Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers Using Machine Learning Approaches. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28639-28649. [PMID: 34100583 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) is an alternative patterning technique that promises high resolution and density multiplication with lower costs. The defectivity of the resulting nanopatterns remains too high for many applications in microelectronics and is exacerbated by small variations of processing parameters, such as film thickness, and fluctuations of solvent vapor pressure and temperature, among others. In this work, a solvent vapor annealing (SVA) flow-controlled system is combined with design of experiments (DOE) and machine learning (ML) approaches. The SVA flow-controlled system enables precise optimization of the conditions of self-assembly of the high Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ) hexagonal dot-array forming BCP, poly(styrene-b-dimethylsiloxane) (PS-b-PDMS). The defects within the resulting patterns at various length scales are then characterized and quantified. The results show that the defectivity of the resulting nanopatterned surfaces is highly dependent upon very small variations of the initial film thicknesses of the BCP, as well as the degree of swelling under the SVA conditions. These parameters also significantly contribute to the quality of the resulting pattern with respect to grain coarsening, as well as the formation of different macroscale phases (single and double layers and wetting layers). The results of qualitative and quantitative defect analyses are then compiled into a single figure of merit (FOM) and are mapped across the experimental parameter space using ML approaches, which enable the identification of the narrow region of optimum conditions for SVA for a given BCP. The result of these analyses is a faster and less resource intensive route toward the production of low-defectivity BCP dot arrays via rational determination of the ideal combination of processing factors. The DOE and machine learning-enabled approach is generalizable to the scale-up of self-assembly-based nanopatterning for applications in electronic microfabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayashani Ginige
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227-Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Youngdong Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Brian C Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227-Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Erik J Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227-Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Cafer T Yavuz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPM), Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jillian M Buriak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227-Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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Ji E, Cummins C, Fleury G. Precise Synthesis and Thin Film Self-Assembly of PLLA- b-PS Bottlebrush Block Copolymers. Molecules 2021; 26:1412. [PMID: 33807816 PMCID: PMC7961899 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of bottlebrush block copolymers (BBCPs) to self-assemble into ordered large periodic structures could greatly expand the scope of photonic and membrane technologies. In this paper, we describe a two-step synthesis of poly(l-lactide)-b-polystyrene (PLLA-b-PS) BBCPs and their rapid thin-film self-assembly. PLLA chains were grown from exo-5-norbornene-2-methanol via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of l-lactide to produce norbornene-terminated PLLA. Norbonene-terminated PS was prepared using anionic polymerization followed by a termination reaction with exo-5-norbornene-2-carbonyl chloride. PLLA-b-PS BBCPs were prepared from these two norbornenyl macromonomers by a one-pot sequential ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). PLLA-b-PS BBCPs thin-films exhibited cylindrical and lamellar morphologies depending on the relative block volume fractions, with domain sizes of 46-58 nm and periodicities of 70-102 nm. Additionally, nanoporous templates were produced by the selective etching of PLLA blocks from ordered structures. The findings described in this work provide further insight into the controlled synthesis of BBCPs leading to various possible morphologies for applications requiring large periodicities. Moreover, the rapid thin film patterning strategy demonstrated (>5 min) highlights the advantages of using PLLA-b-PS BBCP materials beyond their linear BCP analogues in terms of both dimensions achievable and reduced processing time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guillaume Fleury
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France; (E.J.); (C.C.)
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