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Han B, Samorì P. Engineering the Interfacing of Molecules with 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Enhanced Multifunctional Electronics. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:2532-2545. [PMID: 39159399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusEngineering all interfaces between different components in electronic devices is the key to control and optimize fundamental physical processes such as charge injection at metal-semiconductor interfaces, gate modulation at the dielectric-semiconductor interface, and carrier modulation at semiconductor-environment interfaces. The use of two-dimensional (2D) crystals as semiconductors, by virtue of their atomically flat dangling bond-free structures, can facilitate the tailoring of such interfaces effectively. In this context, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have garnered tremendous attention over the past two decades owing to their exclusive and outstanding physical and chemical characteristics such as their strong light-matter interactions and high charge mobility. These properties position them as promising building blocks for next-generation semiconductor materials. The combination of their large specific surface area, unique electronic structure, and properties highly sensitive to environmental changes makes 2D TMDs appealing platforms for applications in optoelectronics and sensing. While a broad arsenal of TMDs has been made available that exhibit a variety of electronic properties, the latter are unfortunately hardly tunable. To overcome this problem, the controlled functionalization of TMDs with molecules and assemblies thereof represents a most powerful strategy to finely tune their surface characteristics for electronics. Such functionalization can be used not only to encapsulate the electronic material, therefore enhancing its stability in air, but also to impart dynamic, stimuli-responsive characteristics to TMDs and to selectively recognize the presence of a given analyte in the environment, demonstrating unprecedented application potential.In this Account, we highlight the most enlightening recent progress made on the interface engineering in 2D TMD-based electronic devices via covalent and noncovalent functionalization with suitably designed molecules, underlining the remarkable synergies achieved. While electrode functionalization allows modulating charge injection and extraction, the functionalization of the dielectric substrate enables tuning of the carrier concentration in the device channel, and the functionalization of the upper surface of 2D TMDs allows screening the interaction with the environment and imparts molecular functionality to the devices, making them versatile for various applications. The tailored interfaces enable enhanced device performance and open up avenues for practical applications. This Account specifically focuses on our recent endeavor in the unusual properties conferred to 2D TMDs through the functionalization of their interfaces with stimuli-responsive molecules or molecular assemblies. This includes electrode-functionalized devices with modulable performance and charge carriers, molecular-bridged TMD network devices with overall enhanced electrical properties, sensor devices that are highly responsive to changes in the external environment, in particular, electrochemically switchable transistors that react to external electrochemical signals, optically switchable transistors that are sensitive to external light inputs, and multiresponsive transistors that simultaneously respond to multiple external stimuli including optical, electrical, redox, thermal, and magnetic inputs and their application in the development of unprecedented memories, artificial synapses, and logic inverters. By presenting the current challenges, opportunities, and prospects in this blooming research field, we will discuss the powerful integration of such strategies for next-generation electronic digital devices and logic circuitries, outlining future directions and potential breakthroughs in interface engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Han
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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2
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Boulet I, Pascal S, Bedu F, Ozerov I, Ranguis A, Leoni T, Becker C, Masson L, Matkovic A, Teichert C, Siri O, Attaccalite C, Huntzinger JR, Paillet M, Zahab A, Parret R. Electrical monitoring of organic crystal phase transition using MoS 2 field effect transistor. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1681-1690. [PMID: 36926560 PMCID: PMC10012849 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00817c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid van der Waals heterostructures made of 2D materials and organic molecules exploit the high sensitivity of 2D materials to all interfacial modifications and the inherent versatility of the organic compounds. In this study, we are interested in the quinoidal zwitterion/MoS2 hybrid system in which organic crystals are grown by epitaxy on the MoS2 surface and reorganize in another polymorph after thermal annealing. By means of field-effect transistor measurements recorded in situ all along the process, atomic force microscopy and density functional theory calculations we demonstrate that the charge transfer between quinoidal zwitterions and MoS2 strongly depends on the conformation of the molecular film. Remarkably, both the field effect mobility and the current modulation depth of the transistors remain unchanged which opens up promising prospects for efficient devices based on this hybrid system. We also show that MoS2 transistors enable fast and accurate detection of structural modifications that occur during phases transitions of the organic layer. This work highlights that MoS2 transistors are remarkable tools for on-chip detection of molecular events occurring at the nanoscale, which paves the way for the investigation of other dynamical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Boulet
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Frederic Bedu
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Igor Ozerov
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Alain Ranguis
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Thomas Leoni
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Conrad Becker
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Laurence Masson
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | | | | | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Claudio Attaccalite
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
| | - Jean-Roch Huntzinger
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, UMR 221, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Matthieu Paillet
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, UMR 221, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Ahmed Zahab
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, UMR 221, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Romain Parret
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, CINAM, UMR 7325 Campus de Luminy 13288 Marseille France romain.parret@.univ-amu.fr +33 6 62922867
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Li C, Zhang C, Zhao R, Zhao N, Liu R, Zhang Y, Jia M, Wang S. Porous Electrospun Films with Reversible Photoresponsive Microenvironmental Humidity Regulation: A Controllable Hydrogen-Bonding Synergistic Effect Exhibited by Acrylic Acid Segments. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6187-6201. [PMID: 36655841 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Suitable relative humidity is essential for the preservation of cultural relics, food storage, and so on. A special material that can regulate the relative humidity in the microenvironment is particularly important. In this work, several innovative electrospun films with reversible photoresponsive wettability and the ability to regulate microenvironmental relative humidity were prepared. The spiropyran unit of the synthesized copolymer played the most important role in humidity regulation due to its reversible transition between a nonpolar ring-closed state and a polar ring-opened state induced by alternating ultraviolet/visible illumination. More interestingly, the introduction of acrylic acid segments exhibited a controllable hydrogen bond synergistic effect for increasing the range of humidity regulation. The color change and the reversible change ranges of wettability and microenvironmental relative humidity under ultraviolet/visible irradiation are all closely related to the number of acrylic acid segments. Cassie theory, density functional theory (DFT), and interaction region indicator (IRI) analysis were used to characterize this phenomenon. Electrospinning is a promising method to achieve large-scale production that can put such material into practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
| | - Ruisheng Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
| | - Ruian Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
| | - Meilin Jia
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Huhhot010022, China
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Yu SH, Hassan SZ, So C, Kang M, Chung DS. Molecular-Switch-Embedded Solution-Processed Semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203401. [PMID: 35929102 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements in the performance of solution-processed semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices have shifted research interest to the diversification/advancement of their functionality. Embedding a molecular switch capable of transition between two or more metastable isomers by light stimuli is one of the most straightforward and widely accepted methods to potentially realize the multifunctionality of optoelectronic devices. A molecular switch embedded in a semiconductor can effectively control various parameters such as trap-level, dielectric constant, electrical resistance, charge mobility, and charge polarity, which can be utilized in photoprogrammable devices including transistors, memory, and diodes. This review classifies the mechanism of each optoelectronic transition driven by molecular switches regardless of the type of semiconductor material or molecular switch or device. In addition, the basic characteristics of molecular switches and the persisting technical/scientific issues corresponding to each mechanism are discussed to help researchers. Finally, interesting yet infrequently reported applications of molecular switches and their mechanisms are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hoon Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Zahid Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan So
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyun Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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5
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Zhou L, Min T, Bian X, Dong Y, Zhang P, Wen Y. Rational Design of Intelligent and Multifunctional Dressing to Promote Acute/Chronic Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4055-4085. [PMID: 35980356 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the clinic's treatment of acute/chronic wounds is still unsatisfactory due to the lack of functional and appropriate wound dressings. Intelligent and multifunctional dressings are considered the most advanced wound treatment modalities. It is essential to design and develop wound dressings with required functions according to the wound microenvironment in the clinical treatment. This work summarizes microenvironment characteristics of various common wounds, such as acute wound, diabetic wound, burns wound, scalded wound, mucosal wound, and ulcers wound. Furthermore, the factors of transformation from acute wounds to chronic wounds were analyzed. Then we focused on summarizing how researchers fully and thoroughly combined the complex microenvironment with modern advanced technology to ensure the usability and value of the dressing, such as photothermal-sensitive dressings, microenvironment dressing (pH-sensitive dressings, ROS-sensitive dressings, and osmotic pressure dressings), hemostatic dressing, guiding tissue regeneration dressing, microneedle dressings, and 3D/4D printing dressings. Finally, the revolutionary development of wound dressings and how to transform the existing advanced functional dressings into clinical needs as soon as possible have carried out a reasonable and meaningful outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Tiantian Min
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaochun Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Peixun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yongqiang Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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Montes-García V, Samorì P. Janus 2D materials via asymmetric molecular functionalization. Chem Sci 2022; 13:315-328. [PMID: 35126966 PMCID: PMC8729797 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05836c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus two-dimensional materials (2DMs) are a novel class of 2DMs in which the two faces of the material are either asymmetrically functionalized or are exposed to a different local environment. The diversity of the properties imparted to the two opposing sides enables the design of new multifunctional materials for applications in a broad variety of fields including opto-electronics, energy storage, and catalysis. In this perspective, we summarize the most enlightening experimental methods for the asymmetric chemical functionalization of 2DMs with tailored made (macro)molecules by means of a supratopic binding (one side) or antaratopic binding (two sides) process. We describe the emergence of unique electrical and optical characteristics resulting from the asymmetric dressing of the two surfaces. Representative examples of Janus 2DMs towards bandgap engineering, enhanced photoresponse and photoluminescence are provided. In addition, examples of Janus 2DMs for real applications such as energy storage (batteries and supercapacitors) and generation (photovoltaics), opto-electronics (field-effect transistors and photodetectors), catalysis, drug delivery, self-healing materials, chemical sensors and selective capture and separation of small molecules are also described. Finally, we discuss the future directions, challenges, and opportunities to expand the frontiers of Janus 2DMs towards technologies with potential impact in environmental science and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Samorì
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
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Mamun MSA, Sainoo Y, Takaoka T, Waizumi H, Wang Z, Alam MI, Ando A, Arafune R, Komeda T. Chemistry of the photoisomerization and thermal reset of nitro-spiropyran and merocyanine molecules on the channel of the MoS 2 field effect transistor. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27273-27281. [PMID: 34850795 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the chemical reaction of the photoisomerization and thermal reaction of the photochromic spiropyran (SP) 1',3'-Dihydro-1',3',3' trimethyl-6-nitrospiro[2H-1 benzopyran-2,2'-(2H)-indole] molecule deposited on the atomic thin channel of a MoS2 field-effect transistor (FET) through the analysis of the FET property. With four monolayers of SP molecules on the channel, we observed a clear shift of the threshold voltage in the drain-current vs gate-voltage plot with UV-light injection on the molecule, which was due to the change of the SP molecule to merocyanine (MC). A complete reset from MC to SP molecule was achieved by thermal annealing, while the injection of green light could revert the FET property to the original condition. In the process of change from MC to SP, two types of decay rates were confirmed. The quick- and slow-decay components corresponded to the molecules attached directly to the substrate and those in the upper layer, respectively. The activation energies for the conversion of MC to SP molecules were estimated as 71 kJ/mol and 90 kJ/mol for the former and latter, respectively. Combined with DFT calculations, we concluded that the Id-Vg shift with photoisomerization from SP to MC is due to the upper layer molecules and the dipole moment in the surface normal direction. Based on the estimated activation energy of 90 kJ/mol for the reset process, we calculated the conversion rate in a controllable temperature range. From these values, we consider that the chemical state of MC can be maintained and switched in a designated time period, which demonstrates the possibility of this system in logical operation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shamim Al Mamun
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9808578, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Sainoo
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Takaoka
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan
| | - Hiroki Waizumi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9808578, Japan.
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9808578, Japan.
| | - Md Iftekharul Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9808578, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Ando
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Arafune
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 304-0044, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Komeda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM, Tagen), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 9800877, Japan
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Zhao Y, Gobbi M, Hueso LE, Samorì P. Molecular Approach to Engineer Two-Dimensional Devices for CMOS and beyond-CMOS Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 122:50-131. [PMID: 34816723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted tremendous research interest over the last two decades. Their unique optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties make 2DMs key building blocks for the fabrication of novel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and beyond-CMOS devices. Major advances in device functionality and performance have been made by the covalent or noncovalent functionalization of 2DMs with molecules: while the molecular coating of metal electrodes and dielectrics allows for more efficient charge injection and transport through the 2DMs, the combination of dynamic molecular systems, capable to respond to external stimuli, with 2DMs makes it possible to generate hybrid systems possessing new properties by realizing stimuli-responsive functional devices and thereby enabling functional diversification in More-than-Moore technologies. In this review, we first introduce emerging 2DMs, various classes of (macro)molecules, and molecular switches and discuss their relevant properties. We then turn to 2DM/molecule hybrid systems and the various physical and chemical strategies used to synthesize them. Next, we discuss the use of molecules and assemblies thereof to boost the performance of 2D transistors for CMOS applications and to impart diverse functionalities in beyond-CMOS devices. Finally, we present the challenges, opportunities, and long-term perspectives in this technologically promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Zhao
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.,School of Micro-Nano Electronics, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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