1
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Kim KH, Song S, Kim B, Musavigharavi P, Trainor N, Katti K, Chen C, Kumari S, Zheng J, Redwing JM, Stach EA, Olsson Iii RH, Jariwala D. Tuning Polarity in WSe 2/AlScN FeFETs via Contact Engineering. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4180-4188. [PMID: 38271989 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs) using two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor channels and ferroelectric Al0.68Sc0.32N (AlScN) allow high-performance nonvolatile devices with exceptional ON-state currents, large ON/OFF current ratios, and large memory windows (MW). However, previous studies have solely focused on n-type FeFETs, leaving a crucial gap in the development of p-type and ambipolar FeFETs, which are essential for expanding their applicability to a wide range of circuit-level applications. Here, we present a comprehensive demonstration of n-type, p-type, and ambipolar FeFETs on an array scale using AlScN and multilayer/monolayer WSe2. The dominant injected carrier type is modulated through contact engineering at the metal-semiconductor junction, resulting in the realization of all three types of FeFETs. The effect of contact engineering on the carrier injection is further investigated through technology-computer-aided design simulations. Moreover, our 2D WSe2/AlScN FeFETs achieve high electron and hole current densities of ∼20 and ∼10 μA/μm, respectively, with a high ON/OFF ratio surpassing ∼107 and a large MW of >6 V (0.14 V/nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan-Ho Kim
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Seunguk Song
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Bumho Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Pariasadat Musavigharavi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nicholas Trainor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Keshava Katti
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Chen Chen
- 2D Crystal Consortium Materials Innovation Platform, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Shalini Kumari
- 2D Crystal Consortium Materials Innovation Platform, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Jeffrey Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Joan M Redwing
- 2D Crystal Consortium Materials Innovation Platform, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, United States
| | - Eric A Stach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Roy H Olsson Iii
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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2
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Handa T, Holbrook M, Olsen N, Holtzman LN, Huber L, Wang HI, Bonn M, Barmak K, Hone JC, Pasupathy AN, Zhu X. Spontaneous exciton dissociation in transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj4060. [PMID: 38295176 PMCID: PMC10830119 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Since the seminal work on MoS2, photoexcitation in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) has been assumed to result in excitons, with binding energies order of magnitude larger than thermal energy at room temperature. Here, we reexamine this foundational assumption and show that photoexcitation of TMDC monolayers can result in a substantial population of free charges. Performing ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy on large-area, single-crystal TMDC monolayers, we find that up to ~10% of excitons spontaneously dissociate into charge carriers with lifetimes exceeding 0.2 ns. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that photocarrier generation is intimately related to mid-gap defects, likely via trap-mediated Auger scattering. Only in state-of-the-art quality monolayers, with mid-gap trap densities as low as 109 cm-2, does intrinsic exciton physics start to dominate the terahertz response. Our findings reveal the necessity of knowing the defect density in understanding photophysics of TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taketo Handa
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Madisen Holbrook
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nicholas Olsen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Luke N. Holtzman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Lucas Huber
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Hai I. Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Katayun Barmak
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - James C. Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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3
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Bai Y, Li Y, Liu S, Guo Y, Pack J, Wang J, Dean CR, Hone J, Zhu X. Evidence for Exciton Crystals in a 2D Semiconductor Heterotrilayer. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11621-11629. [PMID: 38071655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) and their moiré interfaces have been demonstrated for correlated electron states, including Mott insulators and electron/hole crystals commensurate with moiré superlattices. Here we present spectroscopic evidence for ordered bosons─interlayer exciton crystals in a WSe2/MoSe2/WSe2 trilayer, where the enhanced Coulomb interactions over those in heterobilayers have been predicted to result in exciton ordering. Ordered interlayer excitons in the trilayer are characterized by negligible mobility and by sharper PL peaks persisting to an exciton density of nex ∼ 1012 cm-2, which is an order of magnitude higher than the corresponding limit in the heterobilayer. We present evidence for the predicted quadrupolar exciton crystal and its transitions to dipolar excitons either with increasing nex or by an applied electric field. These ordered interlayer excitons may serve as models for the exploration of quantum phase transitions and quantum coherent phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusong Bai
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yiliu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yinjie Guo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jordan Pack
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - James Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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4
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Xu K, Holbrook M, Holtzman LN, Pasupathy AN, Barmak K, Hone JC, Rosenberger MR. Validating the Use of Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy for Defect Quantification in 2D Materials. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24743-24752. [PMID: 38095969 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Defects significantly affect the electronic, chemical, mechanical, and optical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Thus, it is critical to develop a method for convenient and reliable defect quantification. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) possess the required atomic resolution but have practical disadvantages. Here, we benchmark conductive atomic force microscopy (CAFM) by a direct comparison with STM in the characterization of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). The results conclusively demonstrate that CAFM and STM image identical defects, giving results that are equivalent both qualitatively (defect appearance) and quantitatively (defect density). Further, we confirm that CAFM can achieve single-atom resolution, similar to that of STM, on both bulk and monolayer samples. The validation of CAFM as a facile and accurate tool for defect quantification provides a routine and reliable measurement that can complement other standard characterization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikui Xu
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Madisen Holbrook
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Luke N Holtzman
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Abhay N Pasupathy
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Katayun Barmak
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - James C Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Matthew R Rosenberger
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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5
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Alaei A, Mohajerani SS, Schmelmer B, Rubio TI, Bendesky J, Kim MW, Ma Y, Jeong S, Zhou Q, Klopfenstein M, Avalos CE, Strauf S, Lee SS. Scaffold-Guided Crystallization of Oriented α-FAPbI 3 Nanowire Arrays for Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:56127-56137. [PMID: 37987696 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite nanowire arrays with large surface areas for efficient charge transfer and continuous highly crystalline domains for efficient charge transport exhibit ideal morphologies for solar-cell active layers. Here, we introduce a room temperature two-step method to grow dense, vertical nanowire arrays of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3). PbI2 nanocrystals embedded in the cylindrical nanopores of anodized titanium dioxide scaffolds were converted to FAPbI3 by immersion in a FAI solution for a period of 0.5-30 min. During immersion, FAPbI3 crystals grew vertically from the scaffold surface as nanowires with diameters and densities determined by the underlying scaffold. The presence of butylammonium cations during nanowire growth stabilized the active α polymorph of FAPbI3, precluding the need for a thermal annealing step. Solar cells comprising α-FAPbI3 nanowire arrays exhibited maximum solar conversion efficiencies of >14%. Short-circuit current densities of 22-23 mA cm-2 were achieved, on par with those recorded for the best-performing FAPbI3 solar cells reported to date. Such large photocurrents are attributed to the single-crystalline, low-defect nature of the nanowires and increased interfacial area for photogenerated charge transfer compared with thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Alaei
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Seyed Sepehr Mohajerani
- Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Ben Schmelmer
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Thiago I Rubio
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Justin Bendesky
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Min-Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Yichen Ma
- Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Sehee Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Qintian Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Mia Klopfenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Claudia E Avalos
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Stefan Strauf
- Department of Physics, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Stephanie S Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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6
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Zhang D, Zhai D, Deng S, Yao W, Zhu Q. Single Photon Emitters with Polarization and Orbital Angular Momentum Locking in Monolayer Semiconductors. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:3851-3857. [PMID: 37104699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide are endowed with intrinsic valley-orbit coupling between their center-of-mass motion and valley pseudospin. When trapped in a confinement potential, e.g., generated by strain field, we find that intralayer excitons are valley and orbital angular momentum (OAM) entangled. By tuning the trap profile and external magnetic field, one can engineer the exciton states at the ground state and realize a series of valley-OAM entangled states. We further show that the OAM of excitons can be transferred to emitted photons, and these novel exciton states can naturally serve as polarization-OAM locked single photon emitters, which under certain circumstance become polarization-OAM entangled, highly tunable by strain trap and magnetic field. Our proposal demonstrates a novel scheme to generate polarization-OAM locked/entangled photons at the nanoscale with a high degree of integrability and tunability, pointing to exciting opportunities for quantum information applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dawei Zhai
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-UCAS Joint Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics at Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sha Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wang Yao
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- HKU-UCAS Joint Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics at Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qizhong Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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7
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Higashitarumizu N, Uddin SZ, Weinberg D, Azar NS, Reaz Rahman IKM, Wang V, Crozier KB, Rabani E, Javey A. Anomalous thickness dependence of photoluminescence quantum yield in black phosphorous. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:507-513. [PMID: 36879126 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus has emerged as a unique optoelectronic material, exhibiting tunable and high device performance from mid-infrared to visible wavelengths. Understanding the photophysics of this system is of interest to further advance device technologies based on it. Here we report the thickness dependence of the photoluminescence quantum yield at room temperature in black phosphorus while measuring the various radiative and non-radiative recombination rates. As the thickness decreases from bulk to ~4 nm, a drop in the photoluminescence quantum yield is initially observed due to enhanced surface carrier recombination, followed by an unexpectedly sharp increase in photoluminescence quantum yield with further thickness scaling, with an average value of ~30% for monolayers. This trend arises from the free-carrier to excitonic transition in black phosphorus thin films, and differs from the behaviour of conventional semiconductors, where photoluminescence quantum yield monotonically deteriorates with decreasing thickness. Furthermore, we find that the surface carrier recombination velocity of black phosphorus is two orders of magnitude lower than the lowest value reported in the literature for any semiconductor with or without passivation; this is due to the presence of self-terminated surface bonds in black phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Higashitarumizu
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Shiekh Zia Uddin
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Weinberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - I K M Reaz Rahman
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Vivian Wang
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth B Crozier
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eran Rabani
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center of Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ali Javey
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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8
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Li Q, Alfrey A, Hu J, Lydick N, Paik E, Liu B, Sun H, Lu Y, Wang R, Forrest S, Deng H. Macroscopic transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers with uniformly high optical quality. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1837. [PMID: 37005420 PMCID: PMC10067954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The unique optical properties of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers have attracted significant attention for both photonics applications and fundamental studies of low-dimensional systems. TMD monolayers of high optical quality, however, have been limited to micron-sized flakes produced by low-throughput and labour-intensive processes, whereas large-area films are often affected by surface defects and large inhomogeneity. Here we report a rapid and reliable method to synthesize macroscopic-scale TMD monolayers of uniform, high optical quality. Using 1-dodecanol encapsulation combined with gold-tape-assisted exfoliation, we obtain monolayers with lateral size > 1 mm, exhibiting exciton energy, linewidth, and quantum yield uniform over the whole area and close to those of high-quality micron-sized flakes. We tentatively associate the role of the two molecular encapsulating layers as isolating the TMD from the substrate and passivating the chalcogen vacancies, respectively. We demonstrate the utility of our encapsulated monolayers by scalable integration with an array of photonic crystal cavities, creating polariton arrays with enhanced light-matter coupling strength. This work provides a pathway to achieving high-quality two-dimensional materials over large areas, enabling research and technology development beyond individual micron-sized devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyang Li
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Adam Alfrey
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nathanial Lydick
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Eunice Paik
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Haiping Sun
- Michigan Center for Materials Characterization, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephen Forrest
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Applied Physics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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9
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Park S, Kim D, Choi YS, Baucour A, Kim D, Yoon S, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Shin J, Kim J, Seo MK. Customizing Radiative Decay Dynamics of Two-Dimensional Excitons via Position- and Polarization-Dependent Vacuum-Field Interference. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2158-2165. [PMID: 36854053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Embodying bosonic and interactive characteristics in two-dimensional space, excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have garnered considerable attention. The utilization of the strong-correlation effects, long-range transport, and valley-dependent properties requires customizing exciton decay dynamics. Vacuum-field manipulation allows radiative decay engineering without disturbing intrinsic material properties. However, conventional flat mirrors cannot customize the radiative decay landscape in TMDC's plane or support vacuum-field interference with desired spectrum and polarization properties. Here, we present a meta-mirror platform resolving the issues with more optical degrees of freedom. For neutral excitons of the monolayer MoSe2, the optical layout formed by meta-mirrors manipulated the radiative decay rate in space by 2 orders of magnitude and revealed the statistical correlation between emission intensity and spectral line width. Moreover, the anisotropic meta-mirror demonstrated polarization-dependent radiative decay control. Our platform would be promising to tailor two-dimensional distributions of lifetime, density, diffusion, and polarization of TMDC excitons in advanced opto-excitonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyeok Park
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongha Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Seok Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Arthur Baucour
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeong Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for van der Waals Quantum Solids, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jonghwa Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwan Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for van der Waals Quantum Solids, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyo Seo
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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10
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Huang GY, Lin L, Zhao S, Li W, Deng X, Zhang S, Wang C, Li XZ, Zhang Y, Fang HH, Zou Y, Li P, Bai B, Sun HB, Fu T. All-Optical Reconfigurable Excitonic Charge States in Monolayer MoS 2. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:1514-1521. [PMID: 36730120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Excitons are quasi-particles composed of electron-hole pairs through Coulomb interaction. Due to the atomic-thin thickness, they are tightly bound in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and dominate their optical properties. The capability to manipulate the excitonic behavior can significantly influence the photon emission or carrier transport performance of TMD-based devices. However, on-demand and region-selective manipulation of the excitonic states in a reversible manner remains challenging so far. Herein, harnessing the coordinated effect of femtosecond-laser-driven atomic defect generation, interfacial electron transfer, and surface molecular desorption/adsorption, we develop an all-optical approach to manipulate the charge states of excitons in monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Through steering the laser beam, we demonstrate reconfigurable optical encoding of the excitonic charge states (between neutral and negative states) on a single MoS2 flake. Our technique can be extended to other TMDs materials, which will guide the design of all-optical and reconfigurable TMD-based optoelectronic and nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Linhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou310024, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou310024, China
| | - Xiaonan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Simian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Beijing100084, China
| | - Xiao-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Hong-Hua Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Yixuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Benfeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
| | - Tairan Fu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
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Ji J, Choi JH. Recent progress in 2D hybrid heterostructures from transition metal dichalcogenides and organic layers: properties and applications in energy and optoelectronics fields. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:10648-10689. [PMID: 35839069 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01358d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) present extraordinary optoelectronic, electrochemical, and mechanical properties that have not been accessible in bulk semiconducting materials. Recently, a new research field, 2D hybrid heteromaterials, has emerged upon integrating TMDs with molecular systems, including organic molecules, polymers, metal-organic frameworks, and carbonaceous materials, that can tailor the TMD properties and exploit synergetic effects. TMD-based hybrid heterostructures can meet the demands of future optoelectronics, including supporting flexible, transparent, and ultrathin devices, and energy-based applications, offering high energy and power densities with long cycle lives. To realize such applications, it is necessary to understand the interactions between the hybrid components and to develop strategies for exploiting the distinct benefits of each component. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the new phenomena and mechanisms involved in TMD/organic hybrids and potential applications harnessing such valuable materials in an insightful way. We highlight recent discoveries relating to multicomponent hybrid materials. Finally, we conclude this review by discussing challenges related to hybrid heteromaterials and presenting future directions and opportunities in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Ji
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
| | - Jong Hyun Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
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