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Shi Z, Zhang Y, Gu J, Liu B, Fu H, Liang H, Ji J. Triboelectric Nanogenerators: State of the Art. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4298. [PMID: 39001077 PMCID: PMC11244064 DOI: 10.3390/s24134298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), as a novel energy harvesting technology, has garnered widespread attention. As a relatively young field in nanogenerator research, investigations into various aspects of the TENG are still ongoing. This review summarizes the development and dissemination of the fundamental principles of triboelectricity generation. It outlines the evolution of triboelectricity principles, ranging from the fabrication of the first TENG to the selection of triboelectric materials and the confirmation of the electron cloud overlapping model. Furthermore, recent advancements in TENG application scenarios are discussed from four perspectives, along with the research progress in performance optimization through three primary approaches, highlighting their respective strengths and limitations. Finally, the paper addresses the major challenges hindering the practical application and widespread adoption of TENGs, while also providing insights into future developments. With continued research on the TENG, it is expected that these challenges can be overcome, paving the way for its extensive utilization in various real-world scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanhu Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiawei Gu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Bao Liu
- Institute of Automotive Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hao Fu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hongyu Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Equipment Technology, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jinghu Ji
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, No. 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Yan F, Xu X, An L, Du W, Shen W, Yang KL, Ye J, Dai R. Highly efficient treatment of tetracycline using coupled electro-Fenton and electrocoagulation process: Mechanism and toxicity assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142664. [PMID: 38901704 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel carbon fiber brush (CFB) electrode was designed using carbon fiber filaments and conductive metals. It was used as the cathode to construct an efficient coupled electro-Fenton and electrocoagulation (EF-EC) process for tetracycline (TC) treatment. An optimal 97.9% removal rate of 10 mg L-1 TC was achieved within 20 min. The coupled process is less pH-dependent and more effective in treating TC compared to the traditional individual electro-Fenton (EF) or electrocoagulation (EC) process, achieving efficient TC removal under neutral pH conditions. The removal rate of 10 mg L-1 TC consistently remained above 92% at 20 min after ten cycle experiments using the same electrodes in a Fe-CFB system (92.7-97.9%), indicating excellent reusability and stability of the CFB cathode. Mechanism analysis showed both EF and EC processes were involved in the system. Radicals (such as •OH and SO4-•) generated by EF contributed to the degradation of TC, yielding nine intermediates. Coagulants (such as Fe(OH)3) generated by EC contributed to the removal of TC. Toxicity prediction results indicated that over half of the nine intermediates exhibited lower biotoxicity compared to TC. This study provides a feasible alternative cathode for the efficient treatment of TC using EF-EC process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China; Shanghai Energy Construction Engineering Design & Research Co., Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lili An
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wendi Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117576, Singapore
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ruihua Dai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Yan Y, Zhou P, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Pi P, Qian Y, Wen X, Jiang L. Boosting Demulsification and Antifouling Capacity of Membranes via an Enhanced Piezoelectric Effect for Sustaining Emulsion Separation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13306-13316. [PMID: 38690945 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Traditional superwettable membranes for demulsification of oil/water emulsions could not maintain their separation performance for long because of low demulsification capacity and surface fouling during practical applications. A charging membrane could repel the contaminants for a while, the charge of which would gradually be neutralized during the separation progress. Here, a superhydrophilic piezoelectric membrane (SPM) with sustained demulsification and antifouling capacity is proposed for achieving prolonged emulsion separation, which is capable of converting inherent pulse hydraulic filtration pressure into pulse voltage. A pulse voltage up to -7.6 V is generated to intercept the oil by expediting the deformation and coalescence of emulsified oil droplets, realizing the demulsification. Furthermore, it repels negatively charged oil droplets, avoiding membrane fouling. Additionally, any organic foulants adhering to the membrane undergo degradation facilitated by the generated reactive oxygen species. The separation data demonstrate a 98.85% efficiency with a flux decline ratio below 14% during a 2 h separation duration and a nearly 100% flux recovery of SPM. This research opens new avenues in membrane separation, environmental remediation, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, P. R. China
| | - Peizhang Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yahong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Pihui Pi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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Im E, Park S, Hwang GT, Hyun DC, Min Y, Moon GD. Single-Crystal Ferroelectric-Based (K,Na)NbO 3 Microcuboid/CuO Nanodot Heterostructures with Enhanced Photo-Piezocatalytic Activity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304360. [PMID: 37649178 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Developing single-crystal-based heterostructured ferroelectrics with high-performance photo-piezocatalytic activity is highly desirable to utilize large piezopotentials and more reactive charges that can trigger the desired redox reactions. To that end, a single-crystal-based (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN) microcuboid/CuO nanodot heterostructure with enhanced photo-piezocataytic activity, prepared using a facile strategy that leveraged the synergy between heterojunction formation and an intense single-crystal-based piezoelectric effect, is reported herein. The catalytic rhodamine B degrading activity of KNN/CuO is investigated under light irradiation, ultrasonication, or co-excitation with both stimulations. Compared to polycrystalline KNN powders and bare KNN single-crystals, single-crystal-based KNN/CuO exhibits a higher piezocurrent density and an optimal energy band structure, resulting in 5.23 and 2.37 times higher piezocatalytic degradation activities, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum photo-piezocatalytic rate constant (≈0.093 min-1 ) of KNN/CuO under 25 min ultrasonication and light irradiation is superior to that of other KNN-based catalysts, and 1.6 and 48.6 times higher than individual piezocatalytic and photocatalytic reaction rate constants, respectively. The excellent photo-piezocatalytic activity is attributed to the enhanced charge-carrier separation and proper alignment of band structure to the required redox levels by the appropriate p-n heterojunction and high piezoelectric potential. This report provides useful insight into the relationships between heterojunctions, piezoelectric responses, and catalytic mechanisms for single-crystal-based heterostructured catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Im
- Dongnam Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Busan, 46938, South Korea
| | - Seonhwa Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Geon-Tae Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, South Korea
| | - Dong Choon Hyun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Yuho Min
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Geon Dae Moon
- Dongnam Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Busan, 46938, South Korea
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Qileng A, Wu Y, Liu Y, Bakker E. Distance-Based Self-Powered Signal Transduction of Ion-Selective Electrodes to an Electronic Paper Display Array. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17878-17885. [PMID: 37978921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report on the first distance-based readout self-powered potentiometric sensor. The approach is considered more user-friendly for detection by the naked eye and is less prone to optical interferences compared with a direct observation of the pixel darkening. pH-selective electrodes were chosen as a model system to demonstrate the principle in which seven bar-shaped pixels connected in series on one e-paper share one common ground. By connecting each of the pixels serially to capacitors of different capacitances, the fraction of the measurement cell voltage loaded onto the pixels becomes controllable. Consequently, the pixels give different gray values when powered by the same ion-selective electrode (ISE). As a result, the pH information on the sample is visualized as a distance-based signal and the dependence between the capacitance and 1/K (the reciprocal slope in the relationship between absorbance and pH) was constructed. In the current system, a 1 μF capacitance difference changes the value of 1/K by 4.18. With the current setup, the pH accuracy is about 0.5 when comparing the e-paper output to a color card.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aori Qileng
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yaotian Wu
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yingju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Zhao J, Wang Y, Wang B, Sun Y, Lv H, Wang Z, Zhang W, Jiang Y. A flexible and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator based on a medical conductive hydrogel for biomechanical energy harvesting and electronic switches. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6812-6821. [PMID: 36951747 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05706a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the development of intelligent wearable electronic products, new requirements are put forward for large-scale production and durable power supplies and sensors. Herein, a flexible and stretchable single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on a medical conductive hydrogel (MCH) has been fabricated for biomechanical energy harvesting and electronic switches. The obtained MCH-TENG encapsulated by silicone rubber as an electrification layer demonstrated high electrical output performances. The size of the fabricated MCH-TENG was 40 × 60 mm2, which can generate an open-circuit voltage of 400 V, a power density of 444.44 mW m-2, and power 240 LEDs in series at a contact frequency of 3.0 Hz. The device can act not only as a power supply to drive electronic devices, but also as an energy collector to collect the energy of human movements. Particularly, as an electronic switch, the device enabled a high current amplification through the Darlington transistor circuit. Consequently, this work provides a new perspective of flexible and stretchable MCH-TENGs for wearable electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
| | - Yujiang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
| | - Yuetan Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
| | - Haoqiang Lv
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
| | - Zijian Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
| | - Yongdong Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Special Protective Materials, Materials Science and Engineering School, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, P. R. China.
- Tsinghua Innovation Center in Dongguan, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China.
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Zhang B, Zhang C, Yang O, Yuan W, Liu Y, He L, Hu Y, Zhao Z, Zhou L, Wang J, Wang ZL. Self-Powered Seawater Electrolysis Based on a Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Hydrogen Production. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15286-15296. [PMID: 36098463 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water splitting for yielding high-purity hydrogen represents the ultimate choice to reduce carbon dioxide emission owing to the superior energy density and zero-pollution emission after combustion. However, the high electricity consumption and requirement of large quantities of pure water impede its large-scale application. Here, a triboelectric nanogenerator (W-TENG) converting offshore wind energy into electricity is proposed for commercial electric energy saving and cost reduction. By introducing PTFE/POM dielectric pairs with matched HOMO/LUMO band gap energy, a high charge density is achieved to promote the output of W-TENG. With the impedance matching design of transformers with the internal resistance of W-TENG, the output current is further enhanced from 1.42 mA to 54.5 mA with a conversion efficiency of more than 92.0%. Furthermore, benefiting from the high electrocatalytic activity (overpotential = 166 mV and Tafel slope = 181.2 mV dec-1) of a carbon paper supported NiCoP-MOF catalyst, natural seawater can be adopted as a resource for in situ hydrogen production without acid or alkaline additives. Therefore, the self-powered seawater electrolysis system achieves a H2 production rate as high as 1273.9 μL min-1 m-2 with a conversion efficiency of 78.9%, demonstrating a more practical strategy for conversion of wind energy into renewable hydrogen energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuguo Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ou Yang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuebo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia He
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexiao Hu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Linglin Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- College of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Lu G, Huang C, Qiu M, Zhang Q, Cui S, Zhang L, Zhang YY, Mi L. Output Enhancement of Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Hierarchically Regular Cadmium Coordination Polymers for Photocycloaddition. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:12736-12745. [PMID: 35929450 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exploiting the well-arranged and tunable frameworks of crystalline materials, we herein report coordination polymers (CPs) with modulated hierarchical structures as triboelectric materials to construct and extend the application scope of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). Different lengths and shapes of bridging ligands [4,4'-bpa = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, 4,4'-bpe = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene, and 4,4'-bpp = 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)propane for 1, 2, and 3, respectively] were used to construct Cd-CP-based hierarchical frameworks. These compounds were used as triboelectric materials, and their electronic structure contributions were determined by the output of the corresponding TENGs. The results indicated that 2-TENG with the 4,4'-bpe ligand had the highest output, attributed to the improvement in the electron activity due to the π-conjugation group in the bridging ligand, which was further verified by density functional theory calculations. Furthermore, 2@PVDF (PVDF = polyvinylidene fluoride) composite films with different concentrations of Cd-CP were prepared. Detailed electrical characterizations revealed that the arrangement of 12% active constituents of Cd-CP-2 effectively enhanced the output performance of 2@PVDF-TENG, which could light up an ultraviolet lamp plate to successfully execute the [2 + 2] photocycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhen Lu
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Mei Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Siwen Cui
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Liwei Mi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China
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