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van Efferen C, Hall J, Atodiresei N, Boix V, Safeer A, Wekking T, Vinogradov NA, Preobrajenski AB, Knudsen J, Fischer J, Jolie W, Michely T. 2D Vanadium Sulfides: Synthesis, Atomic Structure Engineering, and Charge Density Waves. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14161-14175. [PMID: 38771774 PMCID: PMC11155258 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Two ultimately thin vanadium-rich 2D materials based on VS2 are created via molecular beam epitaxy and investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The controlled synthesis of stoichiometric single-layer VS2 or either of the two vanadium-rich materials is achieved by varying the sample coverage and sulfur pressure during annealing. Through annealing of small stoichiometric single-layer VS2 islands without S pressure, S-vacancies spontaneously order in 1D arrays, giving rise to patterned adsorption. Via the comparison of DFT calculations with scanning tunneling microscopy data, the atomic structure of the S-depleted phase, with a stoichiometry of V4S7, is determined. By depositing larger amounts of vanadium and sulfur, which are subsequently annealed in a S-rich atmosphere, self-intercalated ultimately thin V5S8-derived layers are obtained, which host 2 × 2 V-layers between sheets of VS2. We provide atomic models for the thinnest V5S8-derived structures. Finally, we use scanning tunneling spectroscopy to investigate the charge density wave observed in the 2D V5S8-derived islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camiel van Efferen
- II.
Physikalisches Institut, Universität
zu Köln, Zülpicher
Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Joshua Hall
- II.
Physikalisches Institut, Universität
zu Köln, Zülpicher
Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Nicolae Atodiresei
- Peter
Grünberg Institut and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Virginia Boix
- Division
of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Affan Safeer
- II.
Physikalisches Institut, Universität
zu Köln, Zülpicher
Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Tobias Wekking
- II.
Physikalisches Institut, Universität
zu Köln, Zülpicher
Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | | | | | - Jan Knudsen
- Division
of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- MAX
IV Laboratory, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- NanoLund,
Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jeison Fischer
- II.
Physikalisches Institut, Universität
zu Köln, Zülpicher
Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Wouter Jolie
- II.
Physikalisches Institut, Universität
zu Köln, Zülpicher
Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Michely
- II.
Physikalisches Institut, Universität
zu Köln, Zülpicher
Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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2
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Zhai R, Bi J, Zheng S, Chen W, Lin Y, Xiao S, Cao Y. Electronic structure of superconducting VN(111) films. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:42. [PMID: 38467967 PMCID: PMC10928062 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-03978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium nitride (VN) is a transition-metal nitride with remarkable properties that have prompted extensive experimental and theoretical investigations in recent years. However, there is a current paucity of experimental research investigating the temperature-dependent electronic structure of single-crystalline VN. In this study, high-quality VN(111) films were successfully synthesized on α -Al2 O3 (0001) substrates using magnetron sputtering. The crystal and electronic structures of the VN films were characterized by a combination of high-resolution X-ray diffraction, low-energy electron diffraction, resonant soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrical transport measurements indicate that the superconducting critical temperature of the VN films is around 8.1 K. Intriguingly, the temperature-dependent photoelectron spectroscopy measurements demonstrate a weak temperature dependence in the electronic structure of the VN films, which is significant for understanding the ground state of VN compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongjing Zhai
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jiachang Bi
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
| | - Shun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hefei Innovation Research Institute, Beihang University, Hefei, 230013, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Yongjiang Laboratory, Ningbo, 315202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaozhu Xiao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
- Yongjiang Laboratory, Ningbo, 315202, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanwei Cao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Pathirage V, Khatun S, Lisenkov S, Lasek K, Li J, Kolekar S, Valvidares M, Gargiani P, Xin Y, Ponomareva I, Batzill M. 2D Materials by Design: Intercalation of Cr or Mn between two VSe 2 van der Waals Layers. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9579-9586. [PMID: 37818868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Insertion of metal layers between layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) enables the design of new pseudo-2D nanomaterials. The general premise is that various metal atoms may adopt energetically favorable intercalation sites between two TMD sheets. These covalently bound metals arrange in metastable configurations and thus enable the controlled synthesis of nanomaterials in a bottom-up approach. Here, this method is demonstrated by the insertion of Cr or Mn between VSe2 layers. Vacuum-deposited transition metals diffuse between VSe2 layers with increasing concentration, arranging in ordered phases. The Cr3+ or Mn2+ ions are in octahedral coordination and thus in a high-spin state. Measured and computed magnetic moments are high for dilute Cr atoms, but with increasing Cr concentration the average magnetic moment decreases, suggesting antiferromagnetic ordering between Cr ions. The many possible combinations of transition metals with TMDs form a library for exploring quantum phenomena in these nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimukthi Pathirage
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
| | - Salma Khatun
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
| | - Sergey Lisenkov
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
| | - Kinga Lasek
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
| | - Jingfeng Li
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
| | - Sadhu Kolekar
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
| | - Manuel Valvidares
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source E-08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pierluigi Gargiani
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source E-08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yan Xin
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32310 United States
| | - Inna Ponomareva
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
| | - Matthias Batzill
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33647, United States
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Zong J, Dong ZY, Huang J, Wang K, Wang QW, Meng Q, Tian Q, Qiu X, Mu Y, Wang L, Ren W, Xie X, Chen W, Zhang Y, Wang C, Li FS, Li SC, Li JX, Yuan H, Zhang Y. Inducing itinerant ferromagnetism by manipulating van Hove singularity in epitaxial monolayer 1T-VSe 2. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:990-997. [PMID: 37100643 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The itinerant ferromagnetism can be induced by a van Hove singularity (VHS) with a divergent density of states at Fermi level. Utilizing the giant magnified dielectric constant εr of SrTiO3(111) substrate with cooling, here we successfully manipulated the VHS in the epitaxial monolayer (ML) 1T-VSe2 film approaching to Fermi level via the large interfacial charge transfer, and thus induced a two-dimensional (2D) itinerant ferromagnetic state below 3.3 K. Combining the direct characterization of the VHS structure via angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), together with the theoretical analysis, we ascribe the manipulation of VHS to the physical origin of the itinerant ferromagnetic state in ML 1T-VSe2. Therefore, we further demonstrated that the ferromagnetic state in the 2D system can be controlled through manipulating the VHS by engineering the film thickness or replacing the substrate. Our findings clearly evidence that the VHS can serve as an effective manipulating degree of freedom for the itinerant ferromagnetic state, expanding the application potentials of 2D magnets for the next-generation information technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Zong
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Dong
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Junwei Huang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qi-Wei Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qinghao Meng
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qichao Tian
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiaodong Qiu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yuyang Mu
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Li Wang
- Vacuum Interconnected NanoTech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Vacuum Interconnected NanoTech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xuedong Xie
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wang Chen
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yongheng Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Can Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Fang-Sen Li
- Vacuum Interconnected NanoTech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shao-Chun Li
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jian-Xin Li
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Hongtao Yuan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences and National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Zhao R, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Liu B, Du Y, Gai S, Shen R, Feng L, Yang P. Dual Glutathione Depletion Enhanced Enzyme Catalytic Activity for Hyperthermia Assisted Tumor Therapy on Semi-Metallic VSe 2/Mn-CS. ACS NANO 2022; 16:10904-10917. [PMID: 35797013 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Semimetallic nanomaterials as photothermal agents for bioimaging and cancer therapy have attracted tremendous interest. However, the poor photothermal stability, low biocompatibility, and single component limit their therapeutic efficiency in cancer treatment. Here, manganese-doped VSe2 semimetallic nanosheets were prepared and subsequently modified with chitosan (named VSe2/Mn-CS NSs) for combined enzyme catalytic and photothermal therapy. VSe2/Mn-CS NSs show high photothermal property with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 34.61% upon 808 nm near-infrared laser irradiation. In the tumor microenvironment, VSe2/Mn-CS NSs can convert endogenous H2O2 into lethal hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to induce cancer cell apoptosis. The interaction between glutathione (GSH) and Se-Se bonds in VSe2/Mn-CS NSs results in the depletion of GSH level, and the valence states transition of manganese ions is also beneficial for the GSH consumption. This dual depletion of GSH markedly enhances the peroxidase (POD) activity, leading to the high •OH production and the improved therapeutic effect. What is more, the T1-weighted magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging endow VSe2/Mn-CS NSs with the ability to guide and track the treatment process. Our study provides a research strategy for the application of semimetallic nanomaterials in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jialing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Du
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Shili Gai
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
- Yantai Research Institute, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
| | - Ruifang Shen
- Laboratory for Space Environment and Physical Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Lili Feng
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Piaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
- Yantai Research Institute, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai, 264000, P. R. China
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