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Huang H, Zheng Q, Yu B, Yang Y, Li Y, Li Y, Ji Y, Liao Q, Fu H. Shape-Dependent Optical Waveguides and Low-Threshold Lasers from Polymorphic Two-Dimensional Organic Single Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2024:4890-4897. [PMID: 38682878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Organic single crystals (OSCs) with uniform morphologies and highly ordered molecular aggregations are promising for high-performance optoelectronic devices, such as organic solid-state lasers (OSSLs), organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs), and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, manipulating OSC morphologies and aggregation is challenging. In this study, we synthesized two-dimensional (2D) OSCs of 4,4'-bis[(N-carbazole)styryl]biphenyl (BSBCz) in hexagonal and parallelogram microplate (H-MP and P-MP) forms. Both types exhibit H-aggregation in the 2D plate plane but with different molecular transition dipole moment (TDM) orientations. This leads to different photon coupling modes with H-MP and P-MP microcavities. H-MPs enable isotropic 2D-waveguiding, forming whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators, while P-MPs create unidirectional waveguiding, forming Fabry-Pérot mode (FP) resonators. These resonators can generate low-threshold laser emissions at 467 and 473 nm, respectively, and exhibit superior lasing stability with a half-life exceeding 2 h. Our BSBCz microplate OSCs are attractive candidates to combine controlled organic microcavities with photon transporting for realizing future integrated optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ying Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
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Fan H, Zhang Z, Hussain I, Yang Q, Majeed MK, Imran M, Raza F, Li P, Zhang Y. The Asymmetry Observed between the Effects of Photon-Phonon Coupling and Crystal Field on the Fine Structure of Fluorescence and Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing in Ion-Doped Microcrystals. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:671. [PMID: 38668164 PMCID: PMC11053876 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the asymmetry observed between the effects of photon-phonon coupling (nested-dressing) and a crystal field (CF) on the fine structure of fluorescence (FL) and spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) in Eu3+: BiPO4 and Eu3+: NaYF4. The competition between the CF and the strong photon-phonon dressing leads to dynamic splitting in two directions. The CF leads to static splitting in one direction under weak phonon dressing. The evolution from strong dressing to weak dressing results in spectral asymmetry. This spectral asymmetry includes out-of-phase FL and in-phase SFWM. Further, the large ratio between the dressing Rabi frequency and the de-phase rate leads to strong FL and SFWM asymmetry due to photon-phonon constructive dressing. Moreover, the experimental results suggest the analogy of a spectra asymmetry router with a channel equalization ratio of 96.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanrong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.F.); (I.H.); (Q.Y.); (M.K.M.); (M.I.); (F.R.)
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
| | - Zhongtai Zhang
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China;
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.F.); (I.H.); (Q.Y.); (M.K.M.); (M.I.); (F.R.)
| | - Qinyue Yang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.F.); (I.H.); (Q.Y.); (M.K.M.); (M.I.); (F.R.)
| | - Muhammad Kashif Majeed
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.F.); (I.H.); (Q.Y.); (M.K.M.); (M.I.); (F.R.)
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.F.); (I.H.); (Q.Y.); (M.K.M.); (M.I.); (F.R.)
| | - Faizan Raza
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.F.); (I.H.); (Q.Y.); (M.K.M.); (M.I.); (F.R.)
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Peng Li
- Center for Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.F.); (I.H.); (Q.Y.); (M.K.M.); (M.I.); (F.R.)
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Feng Z, Imran M, Nadeem F, Fan H, Yan J, Ahmed I, Lau C, Zhang Y. Spectral and temporal atomic coherence interaction in Eu 3+ : NaYF 4 and Eu 3+ : BiPO 4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2486-2496. [PMID: 38170642 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00775h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the spectral and temporal atomic coherence interaction based on out-of-phase fluorescence (FL) and spontaneous parametric four-wave mixing (SFWM) from the hexagonal phase of Eu3+ : NaYF4 and different phases of Eu3+ : BiPO4. Spectral and temporal interactions are interrelated and reduced by about 2 times due to two-photon nested dressing in contrast to the sum of each laser excitation. As the lifetime of photons increases, off-resonance profile cross-interaction decreases because cross-interaction reverses the signal at the near time gate position and keeps it consistent at the far time gate position. Moreover, the thermal phonon dressing at 300 K exhibits 6 times more eminent and obvious temporal interaction than that at 77 K. In a different phase of Eu3+ : BiPO4, there are three dark dips having stronger self-interaction; however, Eu3+ : NaYF4 has two dark dips as Eu3+ : BiPO4 has two phonon dressing. Further, the pure hexagonal phase of Eu3+ : BiPO4 demonstrates the strongest cross-interaction and longest coherent time under the dressing effect due to the smallest dressing phonon detuning and off-resonance profile cross-interaction at PMT2 because the angle quantization is the strongest. Such results can be used for designing novel quantum devices and have potential applications in quantum memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Feng
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Faisal Nadeem
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Huanrong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Jin Yan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
| | - Irfan Ahmed
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Condon Lau
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
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Fan H, Raza F, Ahmed I, Imran M, Nadeem F, Li C, Li P, Zhang Y. Photon-Phonon Atomic Coherence Interaction of Nonlinear Signals in Various Phase Transitions Eu 3+: BiPO 4. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4304. [PMID: 36500926 PMCID: PMC9736627 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report photon-phonon atomic coherence (cascade- and nested-dressing) interaction from the various phase transitions of Eu3+: BiPO4 crystal. Such atomic coherence spectral interaction evolves from out-of-phase fluorescence to in-phase spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) by changing the time gate. The dressing dip switch and three dressing dips of SFWM result from the strong photon-phonon destructive cross- and self-interaction for the hexagonal phase, respectively. More phonon dressing results in the destructive interaction, while less phonon dressing results in the constructive interaction of the atomic coherences. The experimental measurements of the photon-phonon interaction agree with the theoretical simulations. Based on our results, we proposed a model for an optical transistor (as an amplifier and switch).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanrong Fan
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Faizan Raza
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Irfan Ahmed
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 99907, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Faisal Nadeem
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Changbiao Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education & Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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