1
|
Wu B, Gan N, Lin Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Qiu Y, Cao X, Yu J, Matsuyama H. Ion-Selective Transport Promotion Enabled by Angstrom-Scale Nanochannels in Dendrimer-Assembled Polyamide Nanofilm for Efficient Electrodialysis. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8650-8657. [PMID: 38949785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The ion permeability and selectivity of membranes are crucial in nanofluidic behavior, impacting industries ranging from traditional to advanced manufacturing. Herein, we demonstrate the engineering of ion-conductive membranes featuring angstrom-scale ion-transport channels by introducing ionic polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers for ion separation. The exterior quaternary ammonium-rich structure contributes to significant electrostatic charge exclusion due to enhanced local charge density; the interior protoplasmic channels of PAMAM dendrimer are assembled to provide additional degrees of free volume. This facilitates the monovalent ion transfer while maintaining continuity and efficient ion screening. The dendrimer-assembled hybrid membrane achieves high monovalent ion permeance of 2.81 mol m-2 h-1 (K+), reaching excellent mono/multivalent selectivity up to 20.1 (K+/Mg2+) and surpassing the permselectivities of state-of-the-art membranes. Both experimental results and simulating calculations suggest that the impressive ion selectivity arises from the significant disparity in transport energy barrier between mono/multivalent ions, induced by the "exterior-interior" synergistic effects of bifunctional membrane channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baolong Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ning Gan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- National Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yiren Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yulong Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xingzhong Cao
- Multi-disciplinary Research Division, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianguo Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hideto Matsuyama
- Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 6500034, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen C, Wu X, Chen J, Liu S, Wang Y, Wu W, Zhang J, Wang J, Jiang Z. Built-in Electric Fields in Heterostructured Lamellar Membranes Enable Highly Efficient Rejection of Charged Mass. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406113. [PMID: 38687257 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Separation membranes with homogeneous charge channels are the mainstream to reject charged mass by forming electrical double layer (EDL). However, the EDL often compresses effective solvent transport space and weakens channel-ion interaction. Here, built-in electric fields (BIEFs) are constructed in lamellar membranes by assembling the heterostructured nanosheets, which contain alternate positively-charged nanodomains and negatively-charged nanodomains. We demonstrate that the BIEFs are perpendicular to horizontal channel and the direction switches alternately, significantly weakening the EDL effect and forces ions to repeatedly collide with channel walls. Thus, highly efficient rejection for charged mass (salts, dyes, and organic acids/bases) and ultrafast water transport are achieved. Moreover, for desalination on four-stage filtration option, salt rejection reaches 99.9 % and water permeance reaches 19.2 L m-2 h-1 bar-1. Such mass transport behavior is quite different from that in homogeneous charge channels. Furthermore, the ion transport behavior in nanochannels is elucidated by validating horizontal projectile motion model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongchong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongzheng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenjia Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin, 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xie Y, Huang CQ, Zhou K, Liu Y. Elucidating the transport of water and ions in the nanochannel of covalent organic frameworks by molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:014708. [PMID: 38953451 DOI: 10.1063/5.0195205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Inspired by biological channels, achieving precise separation of ion/water and ion/ion requires finely tuned pore sizes at molecular dimensions and deliberate exposure of charged groups. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a class of porous crystalline materials, offer well-defined nanoscale pores and diverse structures, making them excellent candidates for nanofluidic channels that facilitate ion and water transport. In this study, we perform molecular simulations to investigate the structure and kinetics of water and ions confined within the typical COFs with varied exposure of charged groups. The COFs exhibit vertically arrayed nanochannels, enabling diffusion coefficients of water molecules within COFs to remain within the same order of magnitude as in the bulk. The motion of water molecules manifests in two distinct modes, creating a mobile hydration layer around acid groups. The ion diffusion within COFs displays a notable disparity between monovalent (M+) and divalent (M2+) cations. As a result, the selectivity of M+/M2+ can exceed 100, while differentiation among M+ is less pronounced. In addition, our simulations indicate a high rejection (R > 98%) in COFs, indicating their potential as ideal materials for desalination. The chemical flexibility of COFs indicates that would hold significant promise as candidates for advanced artificial ion channels and separation membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Xie
- College of Energy, SIEMIS, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science, SV LAB, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Chuan-Qi Huang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- College of Energy, SIEMIS, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yilun Liu
- Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science, SV LAB, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng Y, Li Z, Yang Z, Shen J, Yang C, Wang H, Xu K, Cheng L, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang R, Jiang Z. Tailor-Made Heterocharged Covalent Organic Framework Membrane for Efficient Ion Separation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403300. [PMID: 38966902 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Pore size sieving, Donnan exclusion, and their combined effects seriously affect ion separation of membrane processes. However, traditional polymer-based membranes face some challenges in precisely controlling both charge distribution and pore size on the membrane surface, which hinders the ion separation performance, such as heavy metal ion removal. Herein, the heterocharged covalent organic framework (COF) membrane is reported by assembling two kinds of ionic COF nanosheets with opposite charges and different pore sizes. By manipulating the stacking quantity and sequence of two kinds of nanosheets, the impact of membrane surface charge and pore size on the separation performance of monovalent and multivalent ions is investigated. For the separation of anions, the effect of pore size sieving is dominant, while for the separation of cations, the effect of Donnan exclusion is dominant. The heterocharged TpEBr/TpPa-SO3H membrane with a positively charged upper layer and a negatively charged bottom layer exhibits excellent rejection of multivalent anions and cations (Ni2+, Cd2+, Cr2+, CrO4 2-, SeO3 2-, etc). The strategy provides not only high-performance COF membranes for ion separation but also an inspiration for the engineering of heterocharged membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Green Petrochemical Carbon Emission Reduction Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - ZhiChao Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zixu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Green Petrochemical Carbon Emission Reduction Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Green Petrochemical Carbon Emission Reduction Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Lijuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Green Petrochemical Carbon Emission Reduction Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Yihui Hu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Runnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Green Petrochemical Carbon Emission Reduction Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Green Petrochemical Carbon Emission Reduction Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ning D, Lu Z, Hua L, Zhang X, Li N, Huang K, E S. Designing Nanofluidic Channels of Boron Nitride Nanosheets/Aramid Nanofibers/Covalent Organic Frameworks Nanofiltration Membrane for Ultrafast Mass Transport. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402284. [PMID: 38801397 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
2D lamellar nanofiltration membrane is considered to be a promising approach for desalinating seawater/brackish water and recycling sewage. However, its practical feasibility is severely constrained by the lack of durability and stability. Herein, a ternary nanofiltration membrane via a mixed-dimensional assembly of 2D boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) is fabricated, 1D aramid nanofibers (ANF), and 2D covalent organic frameworks (COF). The abundant 2D and 1D nanofluid channels endow the BNNS/ANF/COF membrane with a high flux of 194 L·m‒2·h‒1. By the synergies of the size sieving and Donnan effect, the BNNS/ANF/COF membrane demonstrates high rejection (among 98%) for those dyes whose size exceeds 1.0 nm. Moreover, the BNNS/ANF/COF membrane also exhibits remarkable durability and mechanical stability, which are attributed to the strong adhesion and interactions between BNNS, ANF, and COF, as well as the superior mechanical robustness of ANF. This work provides a novel strategy to develop robust and durable 2D lamellar nanofiltration membranes with high permeance and selectivity simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Ning
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Zhaoqing Lu
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Li Hua
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Nan Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Kaiyue Huang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Songfeng E
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper Development, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cheng G, Sui C, Hao W, Li J, Zhao Y, Miao L, Zhao G, Li J, Sang Y, Zhao C, Wen L, He X, Wang C. Ultra-Strong Janus Covalent Organic Framework Membrane with Smart Response to Organic Vapor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401635. [PMID: 38607950 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Vapor-driven smart Janus materials have made significant advancements in intelligent monitoring, control, and interaction, etc. Nevertheless, the development of ultrafast response single-layer Janus membrane, along with a deep exploration of the smart response mechanisms, remains a long-term endeavor. Here, the successful synthesis of a high-crystallinity single-layer Covalent organic framework (COF) Janus membrane is reported by morphology control. This kind of membrane displays superior mechanical properties and specific surface area, along with excellent responsiveness to CH2Cl2 vapor. The analysis of the underlying mechanisms reveals that the vapor-induced breathing effect of the COF and the stress mismatch of the Janus structure play a crucial role in its smart deformation performance. It is believed that this COF Janus membrane holds promise for complex tasks in various fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gong Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Chao Sui
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Weizhe Hao
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yushun Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Linlin Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Guoxin Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Junjiao Li
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yuna Sang
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Lei Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Chao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
- School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang X, An Q, Li X, Fu Y, Yang S, Liu M, Xu Q, Zeng G. Charging modulation of the pyridine nitrogen of covalent organic frameworks for promoting oxygen reduction reaction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1889. [PMID: 38424127 PMCID: PMC10904383 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46291-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are ideal templates for constructing metal-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction due to their highly tuneable skeletons and controllable porous channels. However, the development of highly active sites within COFs remains challenging due to their limited electron-transfer capabilities and weak binding affinities for reaction intermediates. Herein, we constructed highly active catalytic centres by modulating the electronic states of the pyridine nitrogen atoms incorporated into the frameworks of COFs. By incorporating different pyridine units (such as pyridine, ionic pyridine, and ionic imidazole units), we tuned various properties including dipole moments, reductive ability, hydrophilicity, and binding affinities towards reaction intermediates. Notably, the ionic imidazole COF (im-PY-BPY-COF) exhibited greater activity than the neutral COF (PY-BPY-COF) and ionic pyridine COF (ion-PY-BPY-COF). Specifically, im-PY-BPY-COF demonstrated a half-wave potential of 0.80 V in 0.1 M KOH, outperforming other metal-free COFs. Theoretical calculations and in situ synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the carbon atoms in the ionic imidazole rings improved the activity by facilitating binding of the intermediate OOH* and promoting the desorption of OH*. This study provides new insights into the design of highly active metal-like COF catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiubei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qizheng An
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei, Hefei, 230029, P.R. China
| | - Xuewen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden Dresden, Dresden, 01062, Germany.
| | - Shuai Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China.
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu X, Wang J, Shang Y, Yavuz CT, Khashab NM. Ionic Covalent Organic Framework-Based Membranes for Selective and Highly Permeable Molecular Sieving. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2313-2318. [PMID: 38232075 PMCID: PMC10835733 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with uniform pores and large surface areas are ideal candidates for constructing advanced molecular sieving membranes. However, a fabrication strategy to synthesize a free-standing COF membrane with a high permselectivity has not been fully explored yet. Herein, we prepared a free-standing TpPa-SO3H COF membrane with vertically aligned one-dimensional nanochannels. The introduction of the sulfonic acid groups on the COF membrane provides abundant negative charge sites in its pore wall, which achieve a high water flux and an excellent sieving performance toward water-soluble drugs and dyes with different charges and sizes. Furthermore, the COF membrane exhibited long-term stability, fouling resistance, and recyclability in rejection performance. We envisage that this work provides new insights into the effect of ionic ligands on the design of a broad range of COF membranes for advanced separation applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Smart
Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jinrong Wang
- Smart
Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuxuan Shang
- Oxide
& Organic Nanomaterials for Energy & Environment Laboratory,
Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Cafer T. Yavuz
- Oxide
& Organic Nanomaterials for Energy & Environment Laboratory,
Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
(KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M. Khashab
- Smart
Hybrid Materials Laboratory (SHMs), Advanced Membranes and Porous
Materials Center, Department of Chemistry, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu T, Kong Y, Lyu B, Cao L, Shi B, Wang X, Pang X, Fan C, Yang C, Wu H, Jiang Z. 3D covalent organic framework membrane with fast and selective ion transport. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5926. [PMID: 37739946 PMCID: PMC10517170 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
3D ionic covalent organic framework (COF) membranes, which are envisioned to be able to break the trade-off between ion conductivity and ion selectivity, are waiting for exploitation. Herein, we report the fabrication of a 3D sulfonic acid-functionalized COF membrane (3D SCOF) for efficient and selective ion transport, using dual acid-mediated interfacial polymerization strategy. The 3D SCOF membranes possess highly interconnected ion transport channels, ultramicroporous pore sizes (0.97 nm), and abundant sulfonate groups (with a high ion exchange capacity of 4.1 mmol g-1), leading to high proton conductivity of 843 mS cm-1 at 90 °C. When utilized in osmotic energy conversion, a high power density of 21.2 W m-2, and a remarkable selectivity of 0.976 and thus an exceptional energy conversion efficiency of 45.3% are simultaneously achieved. This work provides an alternative approach to 3D ionic COF membranes and promotes the applications of 3D COFs in ion transport and separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhao Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bohui Lyu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Li Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Benbing Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao Pang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chunyang Fan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300072, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fan H, Wang H, Peng M, Meng H, Mundstock A, Knebel A, Caro J. Pore-in-Pore Engineering in a Covalent Organic Framework Membrane for Gas Separation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:7584-7594. [PMID: 37026681 PMCID: PMC10134499 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic framework (COF) membranes have emerged as a promising candidate for energy-efficient separations, but the angstrom-precision control of the channel size in the subnanometer region remains a challenge that has so far restricted their potential for gas separation. Herein, we report an ultramicropore-in-nanopore concept of engineering matreshka-like pore-channels inside a COF membrane. In this concept, α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) is in situ encapsulated during the interfacial polymerization which presumably results in a linear assembly (LA) of α-CDs in the 1D nanochannels of COF. The LA-α-CD-in-TpPa-1 membrane shows a high H2 permeance (∼3000 GPU) together with an enhanced selectivity (>30) of H2 over CO2 and CH4 due to the formation of fast and selective H2-transport pathways. The overall performance for H2/CO2 and H2/CH4 separation transcends the Robeson upper bounds and ranks among the most powerful H2-selective membranes. The versatility of this strategy is demonstrated by synthesizing different types of LA-α-CD-in-COF membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Fan
- College
of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Haoran Wang
- College
of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Manhua Peng
- Key
Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System,
Ministry of Education, School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Hong Meng
- College
of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University
of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Alexander Mundstock
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Knebel
- Otto Schott
Institute of Materials Research, Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Fraunhoferstraße 6, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Caro
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fan C, Zhang L, Kong Y, Pang X, Gao Z, Wang S, Xing N, Wu H, Jiang Z. Solid-state synthesis of intrinsically proton-conducting covalent organic framework membrane. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
|
12
|
Li Z, Zheng Y, Gu T, Meng X, Wang H, Xu K, Cheng L, Kasher R, Zhang R, Jiang Z. Covalent organic framework membrane with sub-nano pores for efficient desalination. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
|
13
|
Bhunia S, Peña-Duarte A, Li H, Li H, Sanad MF, Saha P, Addicoat MA, Sasaki K, Strom TA, Yacamán MJ, Cabrera CR, Seshadri R, Bhattacharya S, Brédas JL, Echegoyen L. [2,1,3]-Benzothiadiazole-Spaced Co-Porphyrin-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks for O 2 Reduction. ACS NANO 2023; 17:3492-3505. [PMID: 36753696 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Designing N-coordinated porous single-atom catalysts (SACs) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a promising approach to achieve enhanced energy conversion due to maximized atom utilization and higher activity. Here, we report two Co(II)-porphyrin/ [2,1,3]-benzothiadiazole (BTD)-based covalent organic frameworks (COFs; Co@rhm-PorBTD and Co@sql-PorBTD), which are efficient SAC systems for O2 electrocatalysis (ORR). Experimental results demonstrate that these two COFs outperform the mass activity (at 0.85 V) of commercial Pt/C (20%) by 5.8 times (Co@rhm-PorBTD) and 1.3 times (Co@sql-PorBTD), respectively. The specific activities of Co@rhm-PorBTD and Co@sql-PorBTD were found to be 10 times and 2.5 times larger than that of Pt/C, respectively. These COFs also exhibit larger power density and recycling stability in Zn-air batteries compared with a Pt/C-based air cathode. A theoretical analysis demonstrates that the combination of Co-porphyrin with two different BTD ligands affords two crystalline porous electrocatalysts having different d-band center positions, which leads to reactivity differences toward alkaline ORR. The strategy, design, and electrochemical performance of these two COFs offer a pyrolysis-free bottom-up approach that avoids the creation of random atomic sites, significant metal aggregation, or unpredictable structural features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Bhunia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas79968, United States
| | - Armando Peña-Duarte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas79968, United States
| | - Huifang Li
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Songling Road, Qingdao, Shandong266061, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1041 East Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona85721-0088, United States
| | - Mohamed Fathi Sanad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas79968, United States
| | - Pranay Saha
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata700032, India
| | - Matthew A Addicoat
- Department of Chemistry and Forensics, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, NottinghamNG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Kotaro Sasaki
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York11973, United States
| | - T Amanda Strom
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
| | - Miguel José Yacamán
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, Northern Arizona University, 525 South Beaver Street, Flagstaff, Arizona86011, United States
| | - Carlos R Cabrera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas79968, United States
| | - Ram Seshadri
- Materials Research Laboratory and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California93106, United States
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata700032, India
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Tala Marg, Bangalore560 012, India
| | - Jean-Luc Brédas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1041 East Lowell Street, Tucson, Arizona85721-0088, United States
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, Texas79968, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang J, Zhou H, Li S, Wang L. Selective Ion Transport in Two-Dimensional Lamellar Nanochannel Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218321. [PMID: 36718075 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Precise and ultrafast ion sieving is highly desirable for many applications in environment-, energy-, and resource-related fields. The development of a permselective lamellar membrane constructed from parallel stacked two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets opened a new avenue for the development of next-generation separation technology because of the unprecedented diversity of the designable interior nanochannels. In this Review, we first discuss the construction of homo- and heterolaminar nanoarchitectures from the starting materials to the emerging preparation strategies. We then explore the property-performance relationships, with a particular emphasis on the effects of physical structural features, chemical properties, and external environment stimuli on ion transport behavior under nanoconfinement. We also present existing and potential applications of 2D membranes in desalination, ion recovery, and energy conversion. Finally, we discuss the challenges and outline research directions in this promising field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Huijiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Shangzhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province,Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao S, Chen K, Niu Y, Yuan B, Jiang C, Wang M, Li P, Hou Y, Sun H, Xia D, Niu QJ. Heterogeneous polyamide composite membranes based on aromatic poly(amidoamine) dendrimer for molecular sieving. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
16
|
Cao L, Chen IC, Li Z, Liu X, Mubashir M, Nuaimi RA, Lai Z. Switchable Na + and K + selectivity in an amino acid functionalized 2D covalent organic framework membrane. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7894. [PMID: 36550112 PMCID: PMC9780323 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological cell membranes can efficiently switch Na+/K+ selectivity in response to external stimuli, but achieving analogous functions in a single artificial membrane is challenging. Here, we report highly crystalline covalent organic framework (COF) membranes with well-defined nanochannels and coordinative sites (i. e., amino acid) that act as ion-selective switches to manipulate Na+ and K+ transport. The ion selectivity of the COF membrane is dynamic and can be switched between K+-selective and Na+-selective in a single membrane by applying a pH stimulus. The experimental results combined with molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the switchable Na+/K+ selectivity originates from the differentiated coordination interactions between ions and amino acids. Benefiting from the switchable Na+/K+ selectivity, we further demonstrate the membrane potential switches by varying electrolyte pH, miming the membrane polarity reversal during neural signal transduction in vivo, suggesting the great potential of these membranes for in vitro biomimetic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Cao
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhen Li
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Mubashir
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Al Nuaimi
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiping Lai
- Division of Physical Science and Engineering, 4700 King Abdullah, University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang H, Zhao J, Li Y, Cao Y, Zhu Z, Wang M, Zhang R, Pan F, Jiang Z. Aqueous Two-Phase Interfacial Assembly of COF Membranes for Water Desalination. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2022; 14:216. [PMID: 36352333 PMCID: PMC9646690 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00968-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous two-phase system features with ultralow interfacial tension and thick interfacial region, affording unique confined space for membrane assembly. Here, for the first time, an aqueous two-phase interfacial assembly method is proposed to fabricate covalent organic framework (COF) membranes. The aqueous solution containing polyethylene glycol and dextran undergoes segregated phase separation into two water-rich phases. By respectively distributing aldehyde and amine monomers into two aqueous phases, a series of COF membranes are fabricated at water-water interface. The resultant membranes exhibit high NaCl rejection of 93.0-93.6% and water permeance reaching 1.7-3.7 L m-2 h-1 bar-1, superior to most water desalination membranes. Interestingly, the interfacial tension is found to have pronounced effect on membrane structures. The appropriate interfacial tension range (0.1-1.0 mN m-1) leads to the tight and intact COF membranes. Furthermore, the method is extended to the fabrication of other COF and metal-organic polymer membranes. This work is the first exploitation of fabricating membranes in all-aqueous system, confering a green and generic method for advanced membrane manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiashuai Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziting Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Meidi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
| | - Runnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, People's Republic of China
| | - Fusheng Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, People's Republic of China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|