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Kim J, Mayorga-Burrezo P, Song SJ, Mayorga-Martinez CC, Medina-Sánchez M, Pané S, Pumera M. Advanced materials for micro/nanorobotics. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:9190-9253. [PMID: 39139002 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00777d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Autonomous micro/nanorobots capable of performing programmed missions are at the forefront of next-generation micromachinery. These small robotic systems are predominantly constructed using functional components sourced from micro- and nanoscale materials; therefore, combining them with various advanced materials represents a pivotal direction toward achieving a higher level of intelligence and multifunctionality. This review provides a comprehensive overview of advanced materials for innovative micro/nanorobotics, focusing on the five families of materials that have witnessed the most rapid advancements over the last decade: two-dimensional materials, metal-organic frameworks, semiconductors, polymers, and biological cells. Their unique physicochemical, mechanical, optical, and biological properties have been integrated into micro/nanorobots to achieve greater maneuverability, programmability, intelligence, and multifunctionality in collective behaviors. The design and fabrication methods for hybrid robotic systems are discussed based on the material categories. In addition, their promising potential for powering motion and/or (multi-)functionality is described and the fundamental principles underlying them are explained. Finally, their extensive use in a variety of applications, including environmental remediation, (bio)sensing, therapeutics, etc., and remaining challenges and perspectives for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyo Kim
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
| | - Paula Mayorga-Burrezo
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
| | - Su-Jin Song
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
| | - Carmen C Mayorga-Martinez
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
| | - Mariana Medina-Sánchez
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi, 5, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
- Micro- and NanoBiomedical Engineering Group (MNBE), Institute for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW), 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Chair of Micro- and Nano-Biosystems, Center for Molecular Bioengineering (B CUBE), Dresden University of Technology, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zürich, Tannenstrasse 3, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Pumera
- Advanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic.
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, Brno 61200, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Liu C, Tian C, Guo J, Zhang X, Wu L, Zhu L, Du B. Research Progress of Metal-Organic Frameworks as Drug Delivery Systems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:43156-43170. [PMID: 39132713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c09536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are composite crystalline materials created through the coordination of metal ions and organic ligands. MOFs have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field based on the advantages of internal porosity, customizable porosity, and facile surface modification. This review examines the utilization of MOFs in drug delivery systems, focusing on the research progress from the aspects of coloading drug systems, intelligent responsive carriers, biological macromolecule stabilizers, self-driving micro/nanomotors, and multifunctional living carriers. In addition, the current challenges the research faces are also discussed. The review aims to provide a reference for the further application of MOFs as advanced drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoying Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialing Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ligang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine for Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China
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Khan MUA, Aslam MA, Yasin T, Abdullah MFB, Stojanović GM, Siddiqui HM, Hasan A. Metal-organic frameworks: synthesis, properties, wound dressing, challenges and scopes in advanced wound dressing. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:052001. [PMID: 38976990 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad6070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Wound healing is a critical but complex biological process of skin tissue repair and regeneration resulting from various systems working together at the cellular and molecular levels. Quick wound healing and the problems associated with traditional wound repair techniques are being overcome with multifunctional materials. Over time, this research area has drawn significant attention. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), owning to their peculiar physicochemical characteristics, are now considered a promising class of well-suited porous materials for wound healing in addition to their other biological applications. This detailed literature review provides an overview of the latest developments in MOFs for wound healing applications. We have discussed the synthesis, essential biomedical properties, wound-healing mechanism, MOF-based dressing materials, and their wound-healing applications. The possible major challenges and limitations of MOFs have been discussed, along with conclusions and future perspectives. This overview of the literature review addresses MOFs-based wound healing from several angles and covers the most current developments in the subject. The readers may discover how the MOFs advanced this discipline by producing more inventive, useful, and successful dressings. It influences the development of future generations of biomaterials for the healing and regeneration of skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Aslam Khan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Azhar Aslam
- Department of Physics, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Yasin
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Faizal Bin Abdullah
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Goran M Stojanović
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, T. D. Obradovica 6, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Wu W, Wang Y, Yang H, Chen H, Wang C, Liang J, Song Y, Xu S, Sun Y, Wang L. Antibacterial and Biofilm Removal Strategies Based on Micro/Nanomotors in the Biomedical Field. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400349. [PMID: 38965060 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial infection, which can trigger varieties of diseases and tens of thousands of deaths each year, poses serious threats to human health. Particularly, the new dilemma caused by biofilms is gradually becoming a severe and tough problem in the biomedical field. Thus, the strategies to address these problems are considered an urgent task at present. Micro/nanomotors (MNMs), also named micro/nanoscale robots, are mostly driven by chemical energy or external field, exhibiting strong diffusion and self-propulsion in the liquid media, which has the potential for antibacterial applications. In particular, when MNMs are assembled in swarms, they become robust and efficient for biofilm removal. However, there is a lack of comprehensive review discussing the progress in this aspect. Bearing it in mind and based on our own research experience in this regard, the studies on MNMs driven by different mechanisms orchestrated for antibacterial activity and biofilm removal are timely and concisely summarized and discussed in this work, aiming to show the advantages of MNMs brought to this field. In addition, an outlook was proposed, hoping to provide the fundamental guidance for future development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Emergency Department, Harbin First Hospital, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Haiyue Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Haixu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Microwave Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Junge Liang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yiran Song
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Emergency Department, Harbin First Hospital, Harbin, 150010, China
| | - Yuan Sun
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
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Wang W, Luo H, Wang H. Recent advances in micro/nanomotors for antibacterial applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5000-5023. [PMID: 38712692 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02718j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Currently, the rapid spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria derived from the indiscriminate use of traditional antibiotics poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. Moreover, established bacterial biofilms are extremely difficult to eradicate because of their high tolerance to traditional antimicrobial agents and extraordinary resistance to phagocytosis. Hence, it is of universal significance to develop novel robust and efficient antibacterial strategies to combat bacterial infections. Micro/nanomotors exhibit many intriguing properties, including enhanced mass transfer and micro-mixing resulting from their locomotion, intrinsic antimicrobial capabilities, active cargo delivery, and targeted treatment with precise micromanipulation, which facilitate the targeted delivery of antimicrobials to infected sites and their deep permeation into sites of bacterial biofilms for fast inactivation. Thus, the ideal antimicrobial activity of antibacterial micro/nanorobots makes them desirable alternatives to traditional antimicrobial treatments and has aroused extensive interest in recent years. In this review, recent advancements in antibacterial micro/nanomotors are briefly summarized, focusing on their synthetic methods, propulsion mechanism, and versatile antibacterial applications. Finally, some personal insights into the current challenges and possible future directions to translate proof-of-concept research to clinic application are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Wang
- School of Biomedical and Phamaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hangyu Luo
- School of Biomedical and Phamaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Han Wang
- School of Biomedical and Phamaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Mo F, Lin C, Lu J, Sun D. Integrating Artificial DNAzymes with Natural Enzymes on 2D MOF Hybrid Nanozymes for Enhanced Treatment of Bacteria-Infected Wounds. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307256. [PMID: 38018326 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Removal of invasive bacteria is critical for proper wound healing. This task is challenging because these bacteria can trigger intense oxidative stress and gradually develop antibiotic resistance. Here, the use of a multienzyme-integrated nanocatalytic platform is reported for efficient bacterial clearance and mitigation of inflammatory responses, constructed by physically adsorbing natural superoxide dismutase (SOD), in situ reduction of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), and incorporation of a DNAzyme on 2D NiCoCu metal-organic frameworks (DNAzyme/SOD/Au@NiCoCu MOFs, termed DSAM), which can adapt to infected wounds. O2 and H2O2 replenishment is achieved and alleviated the hypoxic microenvironment using the antioxidant properties of SOD. The H2O2 produced during the reaction is decomposed by peroxidase (POD)-like activity enhanced by Au NPs and DNAzyme, releasing highly toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to kill the bacteria. In addition, it possesses glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like activity, which depletes GSH and prevents •OH loss. Systematic antimicrobial tests are performed against bacteria using this multienzyme-integrated nanoplatform. A dual-mode strategy involving natural enzyme-enhanced antioxidant capacity and artificial enzyme-enhanced •OH release to develop an efficient and novel enzyme-integrated therapeutic platform is integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayin Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510699, China
| | - Chuyan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528403, China
| | - Jing Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Duanping Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510699, China
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Huang H, Yang S, Ying Y, Chen X, Puigmartí-Luis J, Zhang L, Pané S. 3D Motion Manipulation for Micro- and Nanomachines: Progress and Future Directions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305925. [PMID: 37801654 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, micro- and nanomachines (MNMs) have made outstanding achievements in the fields of targeted drug delivery, tumor therapy, microsurgery, biological detection, and environmental monitoring and remediation. Researchers have made significant efforts to accelerate the rapid development of MNMs capable of moving through fluids by means of different energy sources (chemical reactions, ultrasound, light, electricity, magnetism, heat, or their combinations). However, the motion of MNMs is primarily investigated in confined two-dimensional (2D) horizontal setups. Furthermore, three-dimensional (3D) motion control remains challenging, especially for vertical movement and control, significantly limiting its potential applications in cargo transportation, environmental remediation, and biotherapy. Hence, an urgent need is to develop MNMs that can overcome self-gravity and controllably move in 3D spaces. This review delves into the latest progress made in MNMs with 3D motion capabilities under different manipulation approaches, discusses the underlying motion mechanisms, explores potential design concepts inspired by nature for controllable 3D motion in MNMs, and presents the available 3D observation and tracking systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Shihao Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yulong Ying
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiangzhong Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Josep Puigmartí-Luis
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zürich, Tannenstrasse 3, Zürich, CH-8092, Switzerland
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Zhao Y, Yuan M, Yang H, Li J, Ying Y, Li J, Wang W, Wang S. Versatile Multi-Wavelength Light-Responsive Metal-Organic Frameworks Micromotor through Porphyrin Metalation for Water Sterilization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305189. [PMID: 37667455 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Traditional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based micro/nanomotors (MOFtors) can achieve three-dimensional (3D) motion mainly depending on noble metal (e.g., Pt), toxic fuels (e.g., hydrogen peroxide), and surfactants, or under external magnetic fields. In this study, light-driven MOFtors are constructed based on PCN-224(H) and regulated their photothermal and photochemical properties responding to the light of different wavelengths through porphyrin metalation. The resulting PCN-224(Fe) MOFtors presented a strong 3D motion at a maximum speed of 1234.9 ± 367.5 µm s-1 under visible light due to the various gradient fields by the photothermal and photochemical effects. Such MOFtors exhibit excellent water sterilization performance. Under optimal conditions, the PCN-224(Cu) MOFtors presented the best antibacterial performance of 99.4%, which improved by 23.4% compared to its static counterpart and 43.7% compared to static PCN-224(H). The underlying mechanism demonstrates that metal doping could increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and result in a more positive surface charge under light, which are short-distance effective sterilizing ingredients. Furthermore, the motion of MOFtors appears very important to extend the short-distance effective sterilization and thus synergistically improve the antibacterial performance. This work provides a new idea for preparing and developing light-driven MOFtors with multi-responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Mengge Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Haowei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jie Li
- Intelligent Network Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311100, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Ying
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Weihao Wang
- Intelligent Network Research Institute, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 311100, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
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Wu W, Chi H, Zhang Q, Zheng C, Hu N, Wu Y, Liu J. Self-propelled bioglass janus nanomotors for dentin hypersensitivity treatment. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:19681-19690. [PMID: 38037416 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03685e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Dentin hypersensitivity treatment is not always successful owing to the exfoliation of the blocking layer. Therefore, efficiently delivering a desensitization agent into the dental tubule is critical. Nanomotors are widely used as in vivo drug delivery systems owing to their strong power and good biocompatibility. Herein, we report a kind of self-propelled bioglass Janus nanomotor with a Pt motion unit (nBGs@Pt) for application in dentin hypersensitivity that was prepared via a simple sol-gel method and magnetron sputtering method, with an average size of 290 nm. The Pt layer as the power unit provided the dynamics to deliver the bioglass (desensitization agent). Using hydrogen peroxide as a fuel, the nBGs@Pt could automatically move in different media. In addition, the nBGs@Pt with a mesoporous structure demonstrated good hydroxyapatite formation performance. An in vitro dentin pressure model was used to verify the blocking ability of the nBGs@Pt in dentin tubules. The dynamics of the nBGs@Pt was sufficient to resist the outflow of dentin fluid and movement into the dentin tubules, with a blocking rate of 58.05%. After remineralization, the blocking rate could reach 96.07% and the formation of hydroxyapatite of up to 10 μm or more occurred. It is expected that this study will provide a simple and feasible new strategy for the painless treatment of dentin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration Laboratory, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Chi
- Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration Laboratory, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyang Zhang
- Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration Laboratory, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Zheng
- Hospital Management Office of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Narisu Hu
- Oral Implant Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, People's Republic of China.
- Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration Laboratory, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
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Li Y, Cong Z, Xie L, Tang S, Ren C, Peng X, Tang D, Wan F, Han H, Zhang X, Gao W, Wu S. Magnetically Powered Immunogenic Macrophage Microrobots for Targeted Multimodal Cancer Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301489. [PMID: 37300342 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Motile microrobots open a new realm for disease treatment. However, the concerns of possible immune elimination, targeted capability and limited therapeutic avenue of microrobots constrain its practical biomedical applications. Herein, a biogenic macrophage-based microrobot loaded with magnetic nanoparticles and bioengineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), capable of magnetic propulsion, tumor targeting, and multimodal cancer therapy is reported. Such cell robots preserve intrinsic properties of macrophages for tumor suppression and targeting, and bioengineered OMVs for antitumor immune regulation and fused anticancer peptides. Cell robots display efficient magnetic propulsion and directional migration in the confined space. In vivo tests show that cell robots can accumulate at the tumor site upon magnetic manipulation, coupling with tumor tropism of macrophages to greatly improve the efficacy of its multimodal therapy, including tumor inhibition of macrophages, immune stimulation, and antitumor peptides of OMVs. This technology offers an attractive avenue to design intelligent medical microrobots with remote manipulation and multifunctional therapy capabilities for practical precision treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqing Cong
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Leiming Xie
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Songsong Tang
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Chunyu Ren
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Xiqi Peng
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Daitian Tang
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Fangchen Wan
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Hong Han
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Xueji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Song Wu
- Institute of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medical Research Institute, Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
- South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, P. R. China
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Gu C, Wang C, Ma W, Gao Y, Li J, Jin Q, Wu X. Drug-Loaded Konjac Glucomannan/Metal-Organic Framework Composite Hydrogels as Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Cell Scaffolds. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41287-41298. [PMID: 37632730 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections severely threaten human health; therefore, it is important to endow the matrix for tissue engineering with antibacterial efficiency. The loading of antibacterial drugs on nanomaterials provides an efficient strategy to realize synergistic antibacterial efficiency. By depositing various metal-organic frameworks, such as UIO-66, onto konjac glucomannan (KGM), composite hydrogels (KGM/UIO-66) were created. These hydrogels were used as drug carriers, enabling the development of antibacterial hydrogels with high drug loading capacities (e.g., the maximum loading amount of pterostilbene on KGM/UIO-66 reached 0.157 mg/mg) and sustained drug release. The resulting KGM/UIO-66/pterostilbene hydrogel exhibited a three-dimensional porous structure, excellent biocompatibility, antibacterial efficiency, and anti-inflammatory activity. It effectively protected cells from bacterial attacks while ensuring cell adhesion and proliferation, demonstrating great potential as a three-dimensional substrate for biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyi Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chunru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yunli Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Junyao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Qing Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaochen Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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12
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Bujalance-Fernández J, Jurado-Sánchez B, Escarpa A. The rise of metal-organic framework based micromotors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10464-10475. [PMID: 37580970 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02775a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Micromotors (MMs) are micro and nanoscale devices capable of converting energy into autonomous motion. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials that display exceptional properties such as high porosity, internal surface areas, and high biocompatibility. As such, MOFs have been used as active materials or building blocks for MMs. In this highlight, we describe the evolution of MOF-based MMs, focusing on the last 3 years. First, we covered the main propulsion mechanisms and designs, from catalytic to fuel-free MOF-based MMs. Secondly, we discuss recent applications of new fuel-free MOFs MM to give a critical overview of the current challenges of this blooming research field. The advantages and challenges discussed provide a useful guide for the design of the next generation MOF MMs toward real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Bujalance-Fernández
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Jurado-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain.
- Chemical Research Institute "Andres M. del Rio", University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain
| | - Alberto Escarpa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain.
- Chemical Research Institute "Andres M. del Rio", University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Madrid, E-28871, Spain
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Abstract
Untethered robots in the size range of micro/nano-scale offer unprecedented access to hard-to-reach areas of the body. In these challenging environments, autonomous task completion capabilities of micro/nanorobots have been the subject of research in recent years. However, most of the studies have presented preliminary in vitro results that can significantly differ under in vivo settings. Here, we focus on the studies conducted with animal models to reveal the current status of micro/nanorobotic applications in real-world conditions. By a categorization based on target locations, we highlight the main strategies employed in organs and other body parts. We also discuss key challenges that require interest before the successful translation of micro/nanorobots to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagatay M Oral
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Pumera
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 70800, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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14
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Hassan A, Saritha C, Rajana VK, Mandal D, Das N. Rationally Designed Ionic Covalent Organic Networks (iCONs) with Efficient Antimicrobial Activities. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:376-381. [PMID: 36848661 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Two unique ionic covalent organic networks (iCONs) incorporated with guanidinium motifs were obtained and characterized by various techniques. Upon 8 h of treatment with iCON-HCCP (250 μg/mL), >97% killing of Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata strains was observed. Antimicrobial efficacies against bacteria and fungi were also evident from FE-SEM studies. High antifungal efficacies also correlated well with >60% reduction of ergosterol content, high lipid peroxidation, and membrane damage leading to necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atikur Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 801106 Bihar, India
| | - Cevella Saritha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hajipur, 844102 Bihar, India
| | - Vinod K Rajana
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hajipur, 844102 Bihar, India
| | - Debabrata Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Hajipur, 844102 Bihar, India
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, 801106 Bihar, India
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15
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Liang Y, Wang S, Dong H, Yu S, Jia H, Wang J, Yao Y, Wang Y, Song J, Huo Z. Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-90-Based Pesticide Smart-Delivery System with Enhanced Antimicrobial Performance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12203622. [PMID: 36296812 PMCID: PMC9607848 DOI: 10.3390/nano12203622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal antimicrobial technology is regarded as a promising strategy for controlling plant diseases because it enhances antimicrobial efficacy by blocking multiple pesticide-resistance pathways. In this work, a pH-responsive multimodal antimicrobial system was constructed based on ZIF-90 for the controlled release of kasugamycin (KSM). A series of physicochemical characterizations confirmed the successful fabrication of ZIF-90-KSM. The results indicated that the loading capacity of ZIF-90-KSM for KSM was approximately 6.7% and that the ZIF-90 nanocarriers could protect KSM against photodegradation effectively. The acid pH at the site of disease not only decompose the Schiff base bonds between KSM and ZIF-90, but also completely dissolved the nanocarriers. The simultaneous release of KSM and Zn2+ ions was able to achieve multimodal antimicrobial functions during disease occurs. A bioactivity survey indicated that ZIF-90-KSM had superior fungicidal activity and longer duration against Magnaporthe oryzae than KSM aqueous solution. In addition, the phytotoxicity assessment of ZIF-90-KSM on rice plants did not reveal any adverse effects. Therefore, ZIF-90-KSM prepared by Schiff base reaction has great potential for achieving synergistic antifungal functions and provides an eco-friendly approach to manage rice diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Liang
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Sijin Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongqiang Dong
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
| | - Siwen Yu
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yijia Yao
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiehui Song
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhongyang Huo
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crop/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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