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Zhang L, Wang S, Jiang Y, Yuan M. Stable and Efficient Mixed-halide Perovskite LEDs. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301205. [PMID: 38081803 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Tailoring bandgap by mixed-halide strategy in perovskites has attracted extraordinary attention due to the flexibility of halide ion combinations and has emerged as the most direct and effective approach to precisely tune the emission wavelength throughout the entire visible light spectrum. Mixed-halide perovskites, yet, still suffered from several problems, particularly phase segregation under external stimuli because of ions migration. Understanding the essential cause and finding sound strategies, thus, remains a challenge for stable and efficient mixed-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). The review herein presents an overview of the diverse application scenarios and the profound significance associated with mixed-halide perovskites. We then summarize the challenges and potential research directions toward developing high stable and efficient mixed-halide PeLEDs. The review thus provides a systematic and timely summary for the community to deepen the understanding of mixed-halide perovskite materials and resulting PeLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Stor1age Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Saike Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Stor1age Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Stor1age Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Mingjian Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Stor1age Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Feng S, Ju Y, Duan R, Man Z, Li S, Hu F, Zhang C, Tao S, Zhang W, Xiao M, Wang X. Complete Suppression of Phase Segregation in Mixed-Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals under Periodic Heating. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308032. [PMID: 37994680 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Under continuous light illumination, it is known that localized domains with segregated halide compositions form in semiconducting mixed-halide perovskites, thus severely limiting their optoelectronic applications due to the negative changes in bandgap energies and charge-carrier characteristics. Here mixed-halide perovskite CsPbBr1.2 I1.8 nanocrystals are deposited onto an indium tin oxide substrate, whose temperature can be rapidly changed by ≈10 °C in a few seconds by applying or removing an external voltage. Such a sudden temperature change induces a temporary transition of CsPbBr1.2 I1.8 nanocrystals from the segregated phase to the mixed phase, the latter of which can be permanently maintained when the light illumination is coupled with periodic heating cycles. These findings mark the emergence of a practical solution to the detrimental phase-segregation problem, given that a small temperature modulation is readily available in various fundamental studies and practical devices of mixed-halide perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Feng
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yu Ju
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Rentong Duan
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zaiqin Man
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shuyi Li
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Fengrui Hu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shuxia Tao
- Materials Simulation and Modelling, Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Weihua Zhang
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Min Xiao
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- School of Physics, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Ruth A, Kuno M. Modeling the Photoelectrochemical Evolution of Lead-Based, Mixed-Halide Perovskites Due to Photosegregation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20502-20511. [PMID: 37815981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead-based, mixed-halide perovskites such as methylammonium lead iodide-bromide [MAPb(I1-xBrx)3] undergo anion photosegregation under illumination. This is observed as low-band-gap photoluminescence from photogenerated iodine-rich domains due to favorable band offsets that induce carrier funneling into them. Unfortunately, theoretical rationalizations of mixed-halide photosegregation are complicated by biases inherent in photoluminescence-based observations. Recent compositionally weighted X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements now reveal broad distributions of photosegregated stoichiometries not captured by existing photosegregation models. To better bridge experiment and theory, we perform kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations of photosegregation within the context of a band-gap-based thermodynamic model, which has previously accounted for numerous experimental observations. Our KMC simulations are modified to consider high carrier density Fermi-Dirac statistics that result from carrier funneling and accumulation within photosegregated I-rich domains. Obtained KMC results reproduce broad terminal halide (xterminal) distributions seen experimentally and illustrate how they are characterized by a central, heavily I-enriched stoichiometry. I-rich domain "drifting" during photosegregation rationalizes the long photosegregation time scales seen experimentally with drifting simultaneously, producing a wake of variable stoichiometry I-rich inclusions that form the lion's share of stoichiometric heterogeneities seen in compositionally weighted XRD measurements. These simulations and accompanying rationalizations further reveal a general criterion for realizing favorable free energies to induce demixing. Central to the criterion is the statistical occupation of low gap inclusions in the parent alloy by excitations. The resulting model thus provides a general framework for conceptualizing mixed-halide perovskite light and temperature sensitivities mediated by photocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Ruth
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Masaru Kuno
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
- University of Notre Dame, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Jiang Y, Wei K, Sun C, Feng Y, Zhang L, Cui M, Li S, Li WD, Kim JT, Qin C, Yuan M. Unraveling Size-Dependent Ion-Migration for Stable Mixed-Halide Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304094. [PMID: 37343137 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-halide perovskites show tunable emission wavelength across the visible-light range, with optimum control of the light color. However, color stability remains limited due to the notorious halide segregation under illumination or an electric field. Here, a versatile path toward high-quality mixed-halide perovskites with high emission properties and resistance to halide segregation is presented. Through systematic in and ex situ characterizations, key features for this advancement are proposed: a slowed and controllable crystallization process can promote achievement of halide homogeneity, which in turn ensures thermodynamic stability; meanwhile, downsizing perovskite nanoparticle to nanometer-scale dimensions can enhance their resistance to external stimuli, strengthening the phase stability. Leveraging this strategy, devices are developed based on CsPbCl1.5 Br1.5 perovskite that achieves a champion external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 9.8% at 464 nm, making it one of the most efficient deep-blue mixed-halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) to date. Particularly, the device demonstrates excellent spectral stability, maintaining a constant emission profile and position for over 60 min of continuous operation. The versatility of this approach with CsPbBr1.5 I1.5 PeLEDs is further showcased, achieving an impressive EQE of 12.7% at 576 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhi Jiang
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Keyu Wei
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Changjiu Sun
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yanxing Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Minghuan Cui
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Spectrum Measures and Applications, College of Physics and Materials Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Saisai Li
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wen-Di Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ji Tae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chaochao Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Spectrum Measures and Applications, College of Physics and Materials Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Mingjian Yuan
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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