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Gao F, Ye S, Huang L, Gu Z. A nanoparticle-assisted signal-enhancement technique for lateral flow immunoassays. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:6735-6756. [PMID: 38920348 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00865k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), an affordable and rapid paper-based detection technology, is employed extensively in clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety analysis. The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the validity and adoption of LFIA in performing large-scale clinical and public health testing. The unprecedented demand for prompt diagnostic responses and advances in nanotechnology have fueled the rise of next-generation LFIA technologies. The utilization of nanoparticles to amplify signals represents an innovative approach aimed at augmenting LFIA sensitivity. This review probes the nanoparticle-assisted amplification strategies in LFIA applications to secure low detection limits and expedited response rates. Emphasis is placed on comprehending the correlation between the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and LFIA performance. Lastly, we shed light on the challenges and opportunities in this prolific field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Gao
- Institute of Energy Materials Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Shaonian Ye
- Institute of Energy Materials Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhengying Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Thoracic Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China
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Wang C, Yu Q, Zheng S, Shen W, Li J, Xu C, Gu B. Phenylboronic Acid-Modified Membrane-Like Magnetic Quantum Dots Enable the Ultrasensitive and Broad-Spectrum Detection of Viruses by Lateral Flow Immunoassay. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16752-16765. [PMID: 38901038 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Although lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) is an effective point-of-care testing technology, it still cannot achieve broad-spectrum and ultrasensitive detection of viruses. Herein, we propose a multiplex LFIA platform using a two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO)-based magnetic fluorescent nanofilm (GF@DQD) as a multifunctional probe and 4-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA) as a broad-spectrum recognition molecule for viral glycoprotein detection. GF@DQD-APBA with enhanced magnetic/fluorescence properties and universal capture ability for multiple viruses was easily prepared through the electrostatic adsorption of one layer of density-controlled Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and thousands of small CdSe/ZnS-MPA quantum dots (QDs) on a monolayer GO sheet followed by chemical coupling with APBA on the QD surface. The GF@DQD-APBA probe enabled the universal capture and specific determination of different target viruses on the test strip through an arbitrary combination with the antibody-modified LFIA strip, thus greatly improving detection efficiency and reducing the cost and difficulty of multiplex LFIA for viruses. The proposed technique can simultaneously and sensitively diagnose three newly emerged viruses within 20 min with detection limits down to the pg/mL level. The excellent practicability of GF@DQD-APBA-LFIA was also demonstrated in the detection of 34 clinical specimens positive for SARS-CoV-2, revealing its potential for epidemic control and on-site viral detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongwen Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Wanzhu Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Changyue Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
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Chao M, Pan Q, Li G, Peng C, Wang J, Wang Z. Highly Efficient Fabrication of Fluorescent "Turn-On" Lateral Flow Strips for Highly Sensitive Detection of Small Molecules Based on Self-Assembly of AuAg Nanoclusters. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7714-7722. [PMID: 38687680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Currently, fluorescent "turn-on" lateral flow assay (FONLFA) has shown enhanced "naked eye" detection sensitivity for small molecules, while it is urgent to adopt biocompatible fluorescent nanomaterials and needs new strategies to simplify the preparation process. In this study, a highly effective method was proposed to produce FONLFA strips for the detection of small molecules. The gold-silver nanoclusters (AuAgNCs) were immobilized onto the nitrocellulose membrane of the strips by the self-assembly of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), antigen, and AuAgNCs. The immobilization process entails a straightforward mixing of the three components, taking merely 1 min, thereby bypassing the necessity for chemical modification of fluorescent nanomaterials. The strategy offers a significantly simplified process, which substantially enhances the efficiency of the strip fabrication. Utilizing this method, a FONLFA was developed for carbendazim with a visual limit of detection (vLOD) reduced by 40-fold compared with the conventional colorimetric lateral flow assay (LFA). Furthermore, the approach demonstrates versatility by enabling the immobilization of AuAgNCs and streptavidin, which facilitates the development of aptamer-based FONLFAs. The designed aptamer-based FONLFA for kanamycin exhibited a 50-fold reduction in the vLOD compared with conventional colorimetric LFAs. Therefore, FONLFA holds promising potential for widespread applications in the analysis of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Qiuli Pan
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, No. 2749 Xinluo Street, Jinan High-Tech Zone, Shandong 250101, PR China
| | - Guowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Chifang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, No. 2749 Xinluo Street, Jinan High-Tech Zone, Shandong 250101, PR China
| | - Zhouping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, PR China
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Kim MJ, Haizan I, Ahn MJ, Park DH, Choi JH. Recent Advances in Lateral Flow Assays for Viral Protein Detection with Nanomaterial-Based Optical Sensors. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:197. [PMID: 38667190 PMCID: PMC11048458 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the progression of contagious diseases is crucial for public health management, emphasizing the importance of early viral infection diagnosis. In response, lateral flow assays (LFAs) have been successfully utilized in point-of-care (POC) testing, emerging as a viable alternative to more traditional diagnostic methods. Recent advancements in virus detection have primarily leveraged methods such as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Despite their proven effectiveness, these conventional techniques are often expensive, require specialized expertise, and consume a significant amount of time. In contrast, LFAs utilize nanomaterial-based optical sensing technologies, including colorimetric, fluorescence, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), offering quick, straightforward analyses with minimal training and infrastructure requirements for detecting viral proteins in biological samples. This review describes the composition and mechanism of and recent advancements in LFAs for viral protein detection, categorizing them into colorimetric, fluorescent, and SERS-based techniques. Despite significant progress, developing a simple, stable, highly sensitive, and selective LFA system remains a formidable challenge. Nevertheless, an advanced LFA system promises not only to enhance clinical diagnostics but also to extend its utility to environmental monitoring and beyond, demonstrating its potential to revolutionize both healthcare and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (D.-H.P.)
| | - Izzati Haizan
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min Ju Ahn
- Department of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, 79 Gobongro, Iksan-si 54596, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dong-Hyeok Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (D.-H.P.)
| | - Jin-Ha Choi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Clean Energy Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea; (M.J.K.); (D.-H.P.)
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea;
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Wu H, Bu T, Sun B, Xi J, Cao Y, Wang Y, Xuan C, Feng Q, Yan H, Wang L. "Three-in-One" Multifunctional Hollow Nanocages with Colorimetric Photothermal Catalytic Activity for Enhancing Sensitivity in Biosensing. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4825-4834. [PMID: 38364099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Immunochromatographic assays (ICAs) have been widely used in the field detection of mycotoxin contaminants. Nevertheless, the lack of multisignal readout capability and the ability of signaling tags to maintain their biological activity while efficiently loading antibodies remain a great challenge in satisfying diverse testing demands. Herein, we proposed a novel three-in-one multifunctional hollow vanadium nanomicrosphere (high brightness-catalytic-photothermal properties)-mediated triple-readout ICA (VHMS-ICA) for sensitive detection of T-2. As the key to this biosensing strategy, vanadium was used as the catalytic-photothermal characterization center, and natural polyphenols were utilized as the bridging ligands for coupling with the antibody while self-assembling with formaldehyde cross-linking into a hollow nanocage-like structure, which offers the possibility of realizing a three-signal readout strategy and improving the coupling efficiency to the antibody while preserving its biological activity. The constructed sensors showed a detection limit (LOD) of 2 pg/mL for T-2, which was about 345-fold higher than that of conventional gold nanoparticle-based ICA (0.596 ng/mL). As anticipated, the detection range of VHMS-ICA was extended about 8-fold compared with the colorimetric signal alone. Ultimately, the proposed immunosensor performed well in maize and oat samples, with satisfactory recoveries. Owing to the synergistic and complementary interactions between distinct signaling modes, the establishment of multimodal immunosensors with multifunctional tags is an efficient strategy to satisfy diversified detection demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyu Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tong Bu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Boyang Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jia Xi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chenyu Xuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qinlin Feng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huiqi Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
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Liu H, Chen R, Wu K, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhou N. Ratiometric fluorescent biosensor for detection and real-time imaging of nitric oxide in mitochondria of living cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:116000. [PMID: 38183790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), a ubiquitous gaseous messenger, plays critical roles in various pathological and physiological progresses. The abnormal levels of NO in organisms are closely related to a large number of maladies. Mitochondria are the main area that produce NO in mammalian cells. Thus, detecting and real-time imaging of NO in mitochondria is of great significance for exploring the biological functions of NO. Herein, a ratiometric fluorescent biosensor (Mito-GNP-pNO520) is developed for sensitive and selective detection and real-time imaging of NO in mitochondria of living cells. The detection is achieved through the fluorescence off-on response of Mito-GNP-pNO520 toward NO. This biosensor shows excellent characteristics, such as high sensitivity toward NO with a low detection limit of 0.25 nM, exclusive selectivity to NO without interference from other substances, good biological stability and low cytotoxicity. More importantly, the biosensor is specifically located in mitochondria, enabling the detection and real-time imaging of endogenous and exogenous NO in mitochondria of living cells. Therefore, our biosensor offers a new approach for dynamic detecting and real-time imaging of NO in subcellular organelles, providing an opportunity to explore new biological effects of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Rou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Kexin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China.
| | - Nandi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, PR China
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Xu X, Li G, Xue L, Dong S, Luo J, Cao Z. Microfluidic devices integrated with plasmonic nanostructures for sensitive fluorescent immunoassays. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:011303. [PMID: 38362304 PMCID: PMC10869169 DOI: 10.1063/5.0174653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The robust identification and quantification of various biomarkers is of utmost significance in clinical diagnostics and precision medicine. Fluorescent immunoassays are widely used and considered as a gold standard for biomarker detection due to their high specificity and accuracy. However, current commercial immunoassay tests suffer from limited detection sensitivity and complicated, labor-intensive operation procedures, making them impractical for point-of-care diagnosis, particularly in resource-limited regions. Recently, microfluidic immunoassay devices integrated with plasmonic nanostructures have emerged as a powerful tool for sensitive detection of biomarkers, addressing specific issues, such as integration schemes, easy operation, multiplexed detection, and sensitivity enhancement. In this paper, we provide a discussion on the recent advances in the plasmonic nanostructures integrated with microfluidic devices for fluorescent immunoassays. We shed light on the nanofabrication strategies and various fluidic designs for rapid, sensitive, and highly efficient sensing of antigens. Finally, we share our perspectives on the potential directions of these integrated devices for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guangyang Li
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingyue Xue
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | | | | | - Zhen Cao
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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