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Chen H, Schumacher M, Ianiro A, Stank TJ, Janoszka N, Chen C, Azhdari S, Hellweg T, Gröschel AH. Photocleavable Polymer Cubosomes: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Photorelease. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14776-14784. [PMID: 38668645 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Polymer cubosomes (PCs) are a recent class of self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) microparticles with an accessible periodic channel system. Most reported PCs consist of a polystyrene scaffold, which provides mechanical stability for templating but has a limited intrinsic functionality. Here, we report the synthesis of photocleavable BCPs with compositions suitable for PC formation. We analyze the self-assembly mechanism and study the model release of dyes during irradiation, where the transition of the BCPs from amphiphilic to bishydrophilic causes the rapid disassembly of the PCs. A combination of modeling and experiment shows that the evolution of PCs proceeds first via liquid-liquid phase separation into polymer-rich droplets, followed by microphase separation within this droplet confinement, and finally, membrane reorganization into high internal order. This insight may encourage exploration of alternative preparation strategies to better control the size and homogeneity of PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Marcel Schumacher
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ianiro
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven 3001, Belgium
- Biophysics Group, Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg 1700, Switzerland
| | - Tim Julian Stank
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - Nicole Janoszka
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Suna Azhdari
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Thomas Hellweg
- Department of Chemistry, Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld 33615, Germany
| | - André H Gröschel
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, Münster 48149, Germany
- Polymer Materials for Energy Storage (PES), Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95448, Germany
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Oh H, Lee YJ, Kim EJ, Park J, Kim HE, Lee H, Lee H, Kim BJ. Impact of channel nanostructures of porous carbon particles on their catalytic performance. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:879-886. [PMID: 38105661 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05384a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous carbon particles have great potential due to their unique structural properties as support materials for catalytic applications. Particle shapes and channel nanostructures of mesoporous carbon particles can determine the reactant/product transport efficiency. However, the role of the channel nanostructure in the catalytic reaction has not been much explored. Herein, we introduce a facile method to fabricate a series of porous carbon particles (PCPs) with controlled channel exposure on the carbon surface and investigate the impact of the channel nanostructure of the PCPs on the catalytic activity. By employing a membrane emulsification method with a controlled solvent evaporation rate, we fabricate block copolymer (BCP) particles with uniform size and regulated degrees of cylindrical channel exposed to the particle surface. Followed by the carbonization of the BCP particles, a low amount (1.3 wt%) of Pt is incorporated into the PCP series to investigate the impact of channel nanostructures on the catalytic oxidation reaction of o-phenylenediamine (OPD). Specifically, PCP featuring highly open channel nanostructures shows a high reaction rate constant of 0.154 mM-1 s-1 for OPD oxidation, showing 5.5 times higher catalytic activity than those of closed channel nanostructures (0.028 mM-1 s-1). This study provides a deeper understanding of the impact of channel nanostructure within mesoporous carbon particles on catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkyu Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jun Lee
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 92 Chudong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinseok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Eun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunsoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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