1
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Liao S, Zhu Y, Ye Q, Sanders S, Yang J, Alabastri A, Natelson D. Quantifying Efficiency of Remote Excitation for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Molecular Junctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7574-7580. [PMID: 37589653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is enabled by local surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) in metallic nanogaps. When SERS is excited by direct illumination of the nanogap, the background heating of the lattice and electrons can prevent further manipulation of the molecules. To overcome this issue, we report SERS in electromigrated gold molecular junctions excited remotely: surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are excited at nearby gratings, propagate to the junction, and couple to the local nanogap plasmon modes. Like direct excitation, remote excitation of the nanogap can generate both SERS emission and an open-circuit photovoltage (OCPV). We compare the SERS intensity and the OCPV in both direct and remote illumination configurations. SERS spectra obtained by remote excitation are much more stable than those obtained through direct excitation when the photon count rates are comparable. By statistical analysis of 33 devices, the coupling efficiency of remote excitation is calculated to be around 10%, consistent with the simulated energy flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen Liao
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Yunxuan Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Qian Ye
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Stephen Sanders
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas Natelson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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2
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Abstract
Solar-to-chemical energy conversion via heterogeneous photocatalysis is one of the sustainable approaches to tackle the growing environmental and energy challenges. Among various promising photocatalytic materials, plasmonic-driven photocatalysts feature prominent solar-driven surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Non-noble plasmonic metals (NNPMs)-based photocatalysts have been identified as a unique alternative to noble metal-based ones due to their advantages like earth-abundance, cost-effectiveness, and large-scale application capability. This review comprehensively summarizes the most recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, and properties of NNPMs-based photocatalysts. After introducing the fundamental principles of SPR, the attributes and functionalities of NNPMs in governing surface/interfacial photocatalytic processes are presented. Next, the utilization of NNPMs-based photocatalytic materials for the removal of pollutants, water splitting, CO2 reduction, and organic transformations is discussed. The review concludes with current challenges and perspectives in advancing the NNPMs-based photocatalysts, which are timely and important to plasmon-based photocatalysis, a truly interdisciplinary field across materials science, chemistry, and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Sayed
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Mietek Jaroniec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States
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3
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Abbasi M, Evans CI, Chen L, Natelson D. Single Metal Photodetectors Using Plasmonically-Active Asymmetric Gold Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2020; 14:17535-17542. [PMID: 33270432 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic-based photodetectors are receiving increased attention because simple structural changes can make the photodetectors spectrally sensitive. In this study, asymmetric gold nanostructures are used as simple structures for photodetection via the photothermoelectric response. These single metal photodetectors use localized optical absorption from plasmon resonances of gold nanowires at desired wavelengths to generate temperature gradients. Combined with a geometry-dependent Seebeck coefficient, the result is a net electrical signal when the whole geometry is illuminated, with spectral sensitivity and polarization dependence from the plasmon resonances. We show experimental results and simulations of single-wavelength photodetectors at two wavelengths in the near IR range: 785 and 1060 nm. Based on simulation results and a model for the geometry-dependent Seebeck response, we demonstrate a photodetector structure that generates polarization-sensitive responses of opposite signs for the two wavelengths. The experimental photothermoelectric results are combined with simulations to infer the geometry dependence of the Seebeck response. These results can be used to increase the responsivity of these photodetectors further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyeh Abbasi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Charlotte I Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Liyang Chen
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas Natelson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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4
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Xu Y, Zhao X, Li A, Yue Y, Jiang J, Zhang X. Plasmonic heating induced by Au nanoparticles for quasi-ballistic thermal transport in multi-walled carbon nanotubes. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:7572-7581. [PMID: 30951075 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00901a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The plasmon resonances of nanostructures enable wide applications from highly sensitive sensing to high-resolution imaging, through the improvement of photogeneration rate stimulated by the local field enhancement. However, quantitative experimental studies on the localized heating and the thermal transport process in the vicinity of plasmonics are still lacking because of the diffraction limit in conventional optothermal methodologies. In this work, we demonstrate an approach based on Raman thermometry to probe the near-field heating caused by plasmonics. An array of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) fabricated by the template-assisted method is used to generate the near field effect. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) dispersed on the AuNPs are employed to quantify the near-field heating from their Raman peak shifts. Results show that the temperature rise in MWCNTs on AuNPs is much higher than that in a control group under the same laser irradiation. Further analysis indicates that the enhanced photon absorption of MWCNTs attributed to plasmon resonances is partially responsible for the different heating effect. The nonuniform thermal hot spots at the nanoscale can result in the quasi-ballistic thermal transport of phonons in MWCNTs, which is another reason for the temperature rise. Our results can be used to understand plasmonic heating effects as well as to explore quasi-ballistic thermal transport in carbon-based low-dimensional materials by tailoring the geometry or size of plasmonic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Xu
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients (MOE), School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
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5
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Ye H, Li X, Deng L, Li P, Zhang T, Wang X, Hsiao BS. Silver Nanoparticle-Enabled Photothermal Nanofibrous Membrane for Light-Driven Membrane Distillation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haohui Ye
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Material, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Xiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, P.R. China
| | - Li Deng
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Material, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Peiyun Li
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Material, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Tonghui Zhang
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Material, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Xuefen Wang
- State Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Material, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Benjamin S. Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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6
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Wang X, Evans CI, Natelson D. Photothermoelectric Detection of Gold Oxide Nonthermal Decomposition. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6557-6562. [PMID: 30226779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A thin coating of gold oxide, metastable at room temperature, can be formed by placing gold in a strongly oxidizing environment such as an oxygen plasma. We report scanning photovoltage measurements of lithographically defined gold nanowires subsequent to oxygen plasma exposure. Photovoltages are detected during the first optical scan of the devices that are several times larger than those mapped on subsequent scans. The first-scan enhanced photovoltage correlates with a reduction of the electrical resistance of the nanostructure back to preoxygen-exposure levels. Repeating oxygen plasma exposure "reinitializes" the devices. These combined photovoltage and transport measurements imply that the enhanced photovoltage results from the photothermoelectric response of a junction between Au and oxidized Au, with an optically driven decomposition of the oxide. Comparisons with the known temperature-dependent kinetics of AuOx decomposition suggest that the light-driven decomposition is not a purely thermal effect. These experiments demonstrate that combined optical and electronic measurements can provide a window on surface-sensitive photochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifan Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Charlotte I Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Douglas Natelson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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7
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Lu X, Zhang T, Wan R, Xu Y, Zhao C, Guo S. Numerical investigation of narrowband infrared absorber and sensor based on dielectric-metal metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:10179-10187. [PMID: 29715958 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces are investigated intensively for biophotonics applications due to their resonant wavelength flexibly tuned in the near infrared region specially matching biological tissues. Here, we present numerically a metasurface structure combining dielectric resonance with surface plasmon mode of a metal plane, which is a perfect absorber with a narrow linewidth 10 nm wide and quality factor 120 in the near infrared regime. As a sensor, its bulk sensitivity and bulk figure of merit reach respectively 840 nm/RIU and 84/RIU, while its surface sensitivity and surface figure of merit are respectively 1 and 0.1/nm. For different types of adsorbate layers with the same thickness of 8 nm, its surface sensitivity and figure of merit are respectively 32.3 and 3.2/RIU. The enhanced electric field is concentrated on top of dielectric patch ends and in the patch ends simultaneously. Results show that the presented structure has high surface (and bulk) sensing capability in sensing applications due to its narrow linewidth and deep modulation depth. This could pave a new route toward dielectric-metal metasurface in biosensing applications, such as early disease detections and designs of neural stem cell sensing platforms.
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8
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Evans CI, Zolotavin P, Alabastri A, Yang J, Nordlander P, Natelson D. Quantifying Remote Heating from Propagating Surface Plasmon Polaritons. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5646-5652. [PMID: 28796525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report a method to electrically detect heating from excitation of propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPP). The coupling between SPP and a continuous wave laser beam is realized through lithographically defined gratings in the electrodes of thin film gold "bow tie" nanodevices. The propagating SPPs allow remote coupling of optical energy into a nanowire constriction. Heating of the constriction is detectable through changes in the device conductance and contains contributions from both thermal diffusion of heat generated at the grating and heat generated locally at the constriction by plasmon dissipation. We quantify these contributions through computational modeling and demonstrate that the propagation of SPPs provides the dominant contribution. Coupling optical energy into the constriction via propagating SPPs in this geometry produces an inferred temperature rise of the constriction a factor of 60 smaller than would take place if optical energy were introduced via directly illuminating the constriction. The grating approach provides a path for remote excitation of nanoconstrictions using SPPs for measurements that usually require direct laser illumination, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte I Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Pavlo Zolotavin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas Natelson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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9
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Alabastri A, Malerba M, Calandrini E, Manjavacas A, De Angelis F, Toma A, Proietti Zaccaria R. Controlling the Heat Dissipation in Temperature-Matched Plasmonic Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5472-5480. [PMID: 28759244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Heat dissipation in a plasmonic nanostructure is generally assumed to be ruled only by its own optical response even though also the temperature should be considered for determining the actual energy-to-heat conversion. Indeed, temperature influences the optical response of the nanostructure by affecting its absorption efficiency. Here, we show both theoretically and experimentally how, by properly nanopatterning a metallic surface, it is possible to increase or decrease the light-to-heat conversion rate depending on the temperature of the system. In particular, by borrowing the concept of matching condition from the classical antenna theory, we first analytically demonstrate how the temperature sets a maximum value for the absorption efficiency and how this quantity can be tuned, thus leading to a temperature-controlled optical heat dissipation. In fact, we show how the nonlinear dependence of the absorption on the electron-phonon damping can be maximized at a specific temperature, depending on the system geometry. In this regard, experimental results supported by numerical calculations are presented, showing how geometrically different nanostructures can lead to opposite dependence of the heat dissipation on the temperature, hence suggesting the fascinating possibility of employing plasmonic nanostructures to tailor the light-to-heat conversion rate of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Mario Malerba
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Alejandro Manjavacas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | | | - Andrea Toma
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Remo Proietti Zaccaria
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201, China
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10
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Nachman N, Selzer Y. Thermometry of Plasmonic Heating by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy (IETS). NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:5855-5861. [PMID: 28834435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and lattice heating accompanying plasmonic structures under illumination is suggested to be utilized in a broad range of thermoplasmonic applications. Specifically, in molecular electronics precise determination of the temperature of illuminated junctions is crucial, because the temperature-dependent energy distribution of charge carriers in the leads affects the possibility to steer various light-controlled conductance processes. Existing optical methods to characterize the local temperature in all these applications lack the spatial resolution to probe the few nanometers in size hot spots and therefore typically report average values over a diffraction limited length scale. Here we demonstrate that inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of molecular junctions based on thiol-alkyl chains can be used to precisely measure the temperature of metal nanoscale gaps under illumination. The nature of this measurement guarantees that the reported temperature indeed characterizes the confined volume in which heat is produced by the relaxation of hot carriers. Using a simple model, we suggest that the accuracy of the method enables also one to semiquantify the energy distribution of the hot carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirit Nachman
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yoram Selzer
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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11
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Meng L, Yu R, Qiu M, García de Abajo FJ. Plasmonic Nano-Oven by Concatenation of Multishell Photothermal Enhancement. ACS NANO 2017; 11:7915-7924. [PMID: 28727409 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Metallodielectric multishell nanoparticles are capable of hosting collective plasmon oscillations distributed among different metallic layers, which result in large near-field enhancement at specific regions of the structure, where light absorption is maximized. We exploit this capability of multishell nanoparticles, combined with thermal boundary resistances and spatial tailoring of the optical near fields, to design plasmonic nano-ovens capable of achieving high temperatures at the core region using moderate illumination intensities. We find a large optical intensity enhancement of ∼104 over a relatively broad core region with a simple design consisting of three metal layers. This provides an unusual thermal environment, which together with the high pressures of ∼105 atm produced by concatenated curved layers holds great potential for exploring physical and chemical processes under extreme optical/thermal/pressure conditions in confined nanoscale spaces, while the outer surface of the nano-oven is close to ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Meng
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Renwen Yu
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Min Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Zolotavin P, Evans CI, Natelson D. Substantial local variation of the Seebeck coefficient in gold nanowires. NANOSCALE 2017. [PMID: 28650059 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr02678a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale structuring holds promise to improve the thermoelectric properties of materials for energy conversion and photodetection. We report a study of the spatial distribution of the photothermoelectric voltage in thin-film nanowire devices fabricated from a single metal. A focused laser beam is used to locally heat the metal nanostructure via a combination of direct absorption and excitation of a plasmon resonance in Au devices. As seen previously, in nanowires shorter than the spot size of the laser, we observe a thermoelectric voltage distribution that is consistent with the local Seebeck coefficient being spatially dependent on the width of the nanostructure. In longer structures, we observe extreme variability of the net thermoelectric voltage as the laser spot is scanned along the length of the nanowire. The sign and magnitude of the thermoelectric voltage is sensitive to the structural defects, metal grain structure, and surface passivation of the nanowire. This finding opens the possibility of improved local control of the thermoelectric properties at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Zolotavin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.
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13
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Amendola V, Pilot R, Frasconi M, Maragò OM, Iatì MA. Surface plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles: a review. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:203002. [PMID: 28426435 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa60f3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 565] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) has been the subject of intense research efforts. Plasmon physics is intriguing and its precise modelling proved to be challenging. In fact, plasmons are highly responsive to a multitude of factors, either intrinsic to the Au NPs or from the environment, and recently the need emerged for the correction of standard electromagnetic approaches with quantum effects. Applications related to plasmon absorption and scattering in Au NPs are impressively numerous, ranging from sensing to photothermal effects to cell imaging. Also, plasmon-enhanced phenomena are highly interesting for multiple purposes, including, for instance, Raman spectroscopy of nearby analytes, catalysis, or sunlight energy conversion. In addition, plasmon excitation is involved in a series of advanced physical processes such as non-linear optics, optical trapping, magneto-plasmonics, and optical activity. Here, we provide the general overview of the field and the background for appropriate modelling of the physical phenomena. Then, we report on the current state of the art and most recent applications of plasmon resonance in Au NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Amendola
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, I-35131 Padova, Italy. Consorzio INSTM, UdR Padova, Italy
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14
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Zhang W, Wu T, Wang R, Zhang X. Amplification of the molecular chiroptical effect by low-loss dielectric nanoantennas. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5701-5707. [PMID: 28426068 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01527e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report here the chiroptical amplification effect occurring in the hybrid systems consisting of chiral molecules and Si nanostructures. Under resonant excitation of circularly polarized light, the hybrid systems show strong CD induction signals at the optical frequency, which arise from both the electric and magnetic responses of the Si nanostructures. More interestingly, the induced CD signals from Si-based dielectric nanoantennas are always larger than that from Au-based plasmonic counterparts. The related physical origin was disclosed. Furthermore, compared to the Au-based high-loss plasmonic nanoantennas, Si-based low-loss structures would generate negligible photothermal effect, which makes Si nanoantennas an optimized candidate to amplify molecular CD signals with ultralow thermal damage. Our findings may provide a guideline for the design of novel chiral nanosensors, which are applicable in the fields of biomedicine and pharmaceutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Zhang
- School of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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15
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Zolotavin P, Evans C, Natelson D. Photothermoelectric Effects and Large Photovoltages in Plasmonic Au Nanowires with Nanogaps. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:1739-1744. [PMID: 28365996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured metals subject to local optical interrogation can generate open-circuit photovoltages potentially useful for energy conversion and photodetection. We report a study of the photovoltage as a function of illumination position in single-metal Au nanowires and nanowires with nanogaps formed by electromigration. We use a laser scanning microscope to locally heat the metal nanostructures via excitation of a local plasmon resonance and direct absorption. In nanowires without nanogaps, where charge transport is diffusive, we observe voltage distributions consistent with thermoelectricity, with the local Seebeck coefficient depending on the width of the nanowire. In the nanowires with nanogaps, where charge transport is by tunneling, we observe large photovoltages up to tens of mV, with magnitude, polarization dependence, and spatial localization that follow the plasmon resonance in the nanogap. This is consistent with a model of photocurrent across the nanogap carried by the nonequilibrium, "hot" carriers generated upon plasmon excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Zolotavin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Charlotte Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas Natelson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, ‡Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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16
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Schmidt MK, Esteban R, Benz F, Baumberg JJ, Aizpurua J. Linking classical and molecular optomechanics descriptions of SERS. Faraday Discuss 2017; 205:31-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00145b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) of molecular species in plasmonic cavities can be described as an optomechanical process where plasmons constitute an optical cavity of reduced effective mode volume which effectively couples to the vibrations of the molecules. An optomechanical Hamiltonian can address the full quantum dynamics of the system, including the phonon population build-up, the vibrational pumping regime, and the Stokes–anti-Stokes correlations of the photons emitted. Here we describe in detail two different levels of approximation to the methodological solution of the optomechanical Hamiltonian of a generic SERS configuration, and compare the results of each model in light of recent experiments. Furthermore, a phenomenological semi-classical approach based on a rate equation of the phonon population is demonstrated to be formally equivalent to that obtained from the full quantum optomechanical approach. The evolution of the Raman signal with laser intensity (thermal, vibrational pumping and instability regimes) is accurately addressed when this phenomenological semi-classical approach is properly extended to account for the anti-Stokes process. The formal equivalence between semi-classical and molecular optomechanics descriptions allows us to describe the vibrational pumping regime of SERS through the classical cross sections which characterize a nanosystem, thus setting a roadmap to describing molecular optomechanical effects in a variety of experimental situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikołaj K. Schmidt
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Macquarie University Quantum Research Centre in Science and Technology (QSciTech)
- MQ Photonics Research Centre
| | - Ruben Esteban
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- IKERBASQUE
- Basque Foundation for Science
| | - Felix Benz
- NanoPhotonics Centre
- Cavendish Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Jeremy J. Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre
- Cavendish Laboratory
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center DIPC
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián
| |
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