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Bodén A, Ollech D, York AG, Millett-Sikking A, Testa I. Super-sectioning with multi-sheet reversible saturable optical fluorescence transitions (RESOLFT) microscopy. Nat Methods 2024; 21:882-888. [PMID: 38395993 PMCID: PMC11093742 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy is an invaluable tool for four-dimensional biological imaging of multicellular systems due to the rapid volumetric imaging and minimal illumination dosage. However, it is challenging to retrieve fine subcellular information, especially in living cells, due to the width of the sheet of light (>1 μm). Here, using reversibly switchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs) and a periodic light pattern for photoswitching, we demonstrate a super-resolution imaging method for rapid volumetric imaging of subcellular structures called multi-sheet RESOLFT. Multiple emission-sheets with a width that is far below the diffraction limit are created in parallel increasing recording speed (1-2 Hz) to provide super-sectioning ability (<100 nm). Our technology is compatible with various RSFPs due to its minimal requirement in the number of switching cycles and can be used to study a plethora of cellular structures. We track cellular processes such as cell division, actin motion and the dynamics of virus-like particles in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bodén
- Department of Applied Physics and Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dirk Ollech
- Department of Applied Physics and Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrew G York
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Ilaria Testa
- Department of Applied Physics and Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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2
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Bourges AC, Moeyaert B, Bui TYH, Bierbuesse F, Vandenberg W, Dedecker P. Quantitative determination of the full switching cycle of photochromic fluorescent proteins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37377004 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01617j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we develop a general analytical model of the photochromism of fluorescent proteins and apply it to spectroscopic measurements performed on six different labels. Our approach provides quantitative explanations for phenomena such as the existence of positive and negative switching, limitations in the photochromism contrast, and the fact that initial switching cycles may differ from subsequent ones. It also allows us to perform the very first measurement of all four isomerization quantum yields involved in the switching process.
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3
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Zhai R, Fang B, Lai Y, Peng B, Bai H, Liu X, Li L, Huang W. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes for mitochondrial nanoscale imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:942-972. [PMID: 36514947 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are inextricably linked to the development of diseases and cell metabolism disorders. Super-resolution imaging (SRI) is crucial in enhancing our understanding of mitochondrial ultrafine structures and functions. In addition to high-precision instruments, super-resolution microscopy relies heavily on fluorescent materials with unique photophysical properties. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes (SMFPs) have excellent properties that make them ideal for mitochondrial SRI. This paper summarizes recent advances in the field of SMFPs, with a focus on the chemical and spectroscopic properties required for mitochondrial SRI. Finally, we discuss future challenges in this field, including the design principles of SMFPs and nanoscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxiu Zhai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yaqi Lai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiaowang Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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4
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Nienhaus K, Nienhaus GU. Genetically encodable fluorescent protein markers in advanced optical imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2022; 10. [PMID: 35767981 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac7d3f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Optical fluorescence microscopy plays a pivotal role in the exploration of biological structure and dynamics, especially on live specimens. Progress in the field relies, on the one hand, on technical advances in imaging and data processing and, on the other hand, on progress in fluorescent marker technologies. Among these, genetically encodable fluorescent proteins (FPs) are invaluable tools, as they allow facile labeling of live cells, tissues or organisms, as these produce the FP markers all by themselves after introduction of a suitable gene. Here we cover FP markers from the GFP family of proteins as well as tetrapyrrole-binding proteins, which further complement the FP toolbox in important ways. A broad range of FP variants have been endowed, by using protein engineering, with photophysical properties that are essential for specific fluorescence microscopy techniques, notably those offering nanoscale image resolution. We briefly introduce various advanced imaging methods and show how they utilize the distinct properties of the FP markers in exciting imaging applications, with the aim to guide researchers toward the design of powerful imaging experiments that are optimally suited to address their biological questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang Gaede Str. 1, Karlsruhe, 76131, GERMANY
| | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Wolfgang Gaede Str. 1, Karlsruhe, 76131, GERMANY
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5
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Huang K, Fang Q, Sun W, He S, Yao Q, Xie J, Chen W, Deng H. Cucurbit[ n]uril Supramolecular Assemblies-Regulated Charge Transfer for Luminescence Switching of Gold Nanoclusters. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:419-426. [PMID: 34989578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Host-guest molecular assemblies are highly desirable for precisely controlling the luminescence properties of nanomaterials. Unfortunately, the design of high-quality luminescent nanoswitches is still very challenging due to the low affinity of traditional macrocyclic molecules (e.g., cyclodextrin) and inherently sophisticated electronic structures of nanoemitters. The current work represents the first to fabricate a luminescent nanoswitch using cucurbit[n]uril supramolecular assemblies-regulated luminescence of gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). It is found that, similar to a small-molecule fluorophore-based system, the luminescence of fabricated AuNC-cationic quencher nanohybrids can be reversibly manipulated by cucurbit[7]uril through altering the key parameters of the charge transfer process including the reorganization energy and electronic coupling between charge-transfer reactants. This study demonstrates the crucial role of cucurbit[n]uril host-guest assemblies in modulating the luminescence of AuNCs and their application in luminescence switching, thus offering new avenues for the fabrication and development of optical devices and smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Huang
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Quanhui Fang
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Weiming Sun
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Shaobin He
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Qiaofeng Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore
| | - Wei Chen
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Haohua Deng
- Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
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6
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Sun Y, Wang Y, Chen K, Sun Y, Wang S. Rational engineering and synthetic applications of a high specificity BiFC probe derived from Springgreen-M. Analyst 2022; 147:4326-4336. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an01124g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A high signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio BiFC assay was developed for efficient detection and flexible visualization of protein–protein interactions under physiological conditions in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Keyang Chen
- Yuanpei College, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Changzhou High-Tech Research Institute of Nanjing University, Changzhou 213164, China
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7
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Konen T, Stumpf D, Grotjohann T, Jansen I, Bossi M, Weber M, Jensen N, Hell SW, Jakobs S. The Positive Switching Fluorescent Protein Padron2 Enables Live-Cell Reversible Saturable Optical Linear Fluorescence Transitions (RESOLFT) Nanoscopy without Sequential Illumination Steps. ACS NANO 2021; 15:9509-9521. [PMID: 34019380 PMCID: PMC8291764 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Reversibly switchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs) can be repeatedly transferred between a fluorescent on- and a nonfluorescent off-state by illumination with light of different wavelengths. Negative switching RSFPs are switched from the on- to the off-state with the same wavelength that also excites fluorescence. Positive switching RSFPs have a reversed light response, where the fluorescence excitation wavelength induces the transition from the off- to the on-state. Reversible saturable optical linear (fluorescence) transitions (RESOLFT) nanoscopy utilizes these switching states to achieve diffraction-unlimited resolution but so far has primarily relied on negative switching RSFPs by using time sequential switching schemes. On the basis of the green fluorescent RSFP Padron, we engineered the positive switching RSFP Padron2. Compared to its predecessor, it can undergo 50-fold more switching cycles while displaying a contrast ratio between the on- and the off-states of more than 100:1. Because of its robust switching behavior, Padron2 supports a RESOLFT imaging scheme that entirely refrains from sequential switching as it only requires beam scanning of two spatially overlaid light distributions. Using Padron2, we demonstrate live-cell RESOLFT nanoscopy without sequential illumination steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Konen
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Stumpf
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Grotjohann
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Jansen
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mariano Bossi
- Department
of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Weber
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nickels Jensen
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan W. Hell
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department
of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute
for Medical Research, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Jakobs
- Department
of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute
for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Clinic
of Neurology, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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8
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Switchable stimulated Raman scattering microscopy with photochromic vibrational probes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3089. [PMID: 34035304 PMCID: PMC8149663 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Photochromic probes with reversible fluorescence have revolutionized the fields of single molecule spectroscopy and super-resolution microscopy, but lack sufficient chemical specificity. In contrast, Raman probes with stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy provides superb chemical resolution for super-multiplexed imaging, but are relatively inert. Here we report vibrational photochromism by engineering alkyne tagged diarylethene to realize photo-switchable SRS imaging. The narrow Raman peak of the alkyne group shifts reversibly upon photoisomerization of the conjugated diarylethene when irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) or visible light, yielding “on” or “off” SRS images taken at the photoactive Raman frequency. We demonstrated photo-rewritable patterning and encryption on thin films, painting/erasing of cells with labelled alkyne-diarylethene, as well as pulse-chase experiments of mitochondria diffusion in living cells. The design principle provides potentials for super-resolution microscopy, optical memories and switches with vibrational specificity. Probes with reversible fluorescence are useful in super-resolution microscopy, but lack sufficient chemical specificity. Here, the authors engineer alkyne tagged diarylethene to realize photo-switchable stimulated Raman scattering probes with high chemical resolution, for applications in living cells.
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9
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Liu Z, Liu J, Wang X, Mi F, Wang D, Wu C. Fluorescent Bioconjugates for Super-Resolution Optical Nanoscopy. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1857-1872. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihe Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, China
| | - Feixue Mi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 510855, China
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10
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Optimizing the fluorescent protein toolbox and its use. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 58:183-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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11
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12
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Wang S, Shuai Y, Sun C, Xue B, Hou Y, Su X, Sun Y. Lighting Up Live Cells with Smart Genetically Encoded Fluorescence Probes from GMars Family. ACS Sens 2018; 3:2269-2277. [PMID: 30346738 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a special kind of delicate light-controllable genetically encoded optical device, reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs) have been widely applied in many fields, especially various kinds of advanced nanoscopy approaches in recent years. However, there are still necessities for exploring novel RSFPs with specific biochemical or photophysical properties not only for bioimaging or biosensing applications but also for fluorescent protein (FP) mechanisms study and further knowledge-based molecular sensors or optical actuators' rational design and evolution. Besides previously reported GMars-Q and GMars-T variants, herein, we reported the development and applications of other RSFPs from GMars family, especially some featured RSFPs with desired optical properties. In the current work, in vitro FP purification, spectra measurements, and live-cell RESOLFT nanoscopy approaches were applied to characterize the basic properties and test the imaging performances of the selected RSFPs. As demonstrated, GMars variants such as GMars-A, GMars-G, or remarkable photofatigue-resistant GMars-L were found with beneficial properties to be capable of parallelized RESOLFT nanoscopy in living cells, while other featured GMars variants such as dark GMars-P may be a good candidate for further biosensor or actuator design and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yao Shuai
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chaoying Sun
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yingping Hou
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaodong Su
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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13
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Wang S, Ding M, Xue B, Hou Y, Sun Y. Spying on protein interactions in living cells with reconstituted scarlet light. Analyst 2018; 143:5161-5169. [PMID: 30255175 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01223g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The BiFC (bimolecular fluorescence complementation) assay and BiFC combined with FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) technique have become important tools for molecular interaction studies in live cells. However, the real detection and cellular imaging performances of most existing red fluorescent protein-derived BiFC assays still suffer from relatively low ensemble brightness, high cytotoxicity, the red fluorescent proteins being prone-to-aggregation or severe residual dimerization, inefficient complementation and slow maturation at 37 °C physiological temperature in live mammalian cells. We developed a BiFC assay based on a recently evolved truly monomeric red fluorescent protein (FP) mScarlet-I with excellent cellular performances such as low cytotoxicity, fast and efficient chromophore maturation and the highest in-cell brightness among all previously reported monomeric red fluorescent proteins. In this work, a classic β-Fos/β-Jun constitutive heterodimerization model and a rapamycin-inducible FRB/FKBP interaction system were used to establish and test the performance of the mScarlet-I-based BiFC assay in live mammalian cells. Furthermore, simply by adopting the large-Stokes-shift fluorescent protein mAmetrine as the donor, β-Jun-β-Fos-NFAT1 ternary protein complex formation could be readily and efficiently detected and visualized with minimal spectral cross-talk in live HeLa cells by combining live-cell sensitized-emission FRET measurement with the mScarlet-I-based BiFC assay. The currently established BiFC assay in this work was also shown to be able to detect and visualize various protein-protein interactions (PPIs) at different subcellular compartments with high specificity and sensitivity at 37 °C physiological temperature in live mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biomedical pioneering innovation center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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14
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Pennacchietti F, Serebrovskaya EO, Faro AR, Shemyakina II, Bozhanova NG, Kotlobay AA, Gurskaya NG, Bodén A, Dreier J, Chudakov DM, Lukyanov KA, Verkhusha VV, Mishin AS, Testa I. Fast reversibly photoswitching red fluorescent proteins for live-cell RESOLFT nanoscopy. Nat Methods 2018; 15:601-604. [PMID: 29988095 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-018-0052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (rsFPs) are gaining popularity as tags for optical nanoscopy because they make it possible to image with lower light doses. However, green rsFPs need violet-blue light for photoswitching, which is potentially phototoxic and highly scattering. We developed new rsFPs based on FusionRed that are reversibly photoswitchable with green-orange light. The rsFusionReds are bright and exhibit rapid photoswitching, thereby enabling nanoscale imaging of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pennacchietti
- Department of Applied Physics and Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina O Serebrovskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Aline R Faro
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Irina I Shemyakina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nina G Bozhanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey A Kotlobay
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nadya G Gurskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andreas Bodén
- Department of Applied Physics and Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jes Dreier
- Department of Applied Physics and Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dmitry M Chudakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Lukyanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladislav V Verkhusha
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alexander S Mishin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Ilaria Testa
- Department of Applied Physics and Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Culley S, Tosheva KL, Matos Pereira P, Henriques R. SRRF: Universal live-cell super-resolution microscopy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 101:74-79. [PMID: 29852248 PMCID: PMC6025290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Super-resolution microscopy techniques break the diffraction limit of conventional optical microscopy to achieve resolutions approaching tens of nanometres. The major advantage of such techniques is that they provide resolutions close to those obtainable with electron microscopy while maintaining the benefits of light microscopy such as a wide palette of high specificity molecular labels, straightforward sample preparation and live-cell compatibility. Despite this, the application of super-resolution microscopy to dynamic, living samples has thus far been limited and often requires specialised, complex hardware. Here we demonstrate how a novel analytical approach, Super-Resolution Radial Fluctuations (SRRF), is able to make live-cell super-resolution microscopy accessible to a wider range of researchers. We show its applicability to live samples expressing GFP using commercial confocal as well as laser- and LED-based widefield microscopes, with the latter achieving long-term timelapse imaging with minimal photobleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siân Culley
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kalina L Tosheva
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Pedro Matos Pereira
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Ricardo Henriques
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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16
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Wang S, Chen X, Chang L, Ding M, Xue R, Duan H, Sun Y. GMars-T Enabling Multimodal Subdiffraction Structural and Functional Fluorescence Imaging in Live Cells. Anal Chem 2018; 90:6626-6634. [PMID: 29722976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes with multimodal and multilevel imaging capabilities are highly valuable as imaging with such probes not only can obtain new layers of information but also enable cross-validation of results under different experimental conditions. In recent years, the development of genetically encoded reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs) has greatly promoted the application of various kinds of live-cell nanoscopy approaches, including reversible saturable optical fluorescence transitions (RESOLFT) and stochastic optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI). However, these two classes of live-cell nanoscopy approaches require different optical characteristics of specific RSFPs. In this work, we developed GMars-T, a monomeric bright green RSFP which can satisfy both RESOLFT and photochromic SOFI (pcSOFI) imaging in live cells. We further generated biosensor based on bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) of GMars-T which offers high specificity and sensitivity in detecting and visualizing various protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in different subcellular compartments under physiological conditions (e.g., 37 °C) in live mammalian cells. Thus, the newly developed GMars-T can serve as both structural imaging probe with multimodal super-resolution imaging capability and functional imaging probe for reporting PPIs with high specificity and sensitivity based on its derived biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Xuanze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China.,Cowin Venture Shanghai 200040 , China
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Miao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Ruiying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Haifeng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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17
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Roebroek T, Duwé S, Vandenberg W, Dedecker P. Reduced Fluorescent Protein Switching Fatigue by Binding-Induced Emissive State Stabilization. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18092015. [PMID: 28930199 PMCID: PMC5618663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18092015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversibly switchable fluorescent proteins (RSFPs) enable advanced fluorescence imaging, though the performance of this imaging crucially depends on the properties of the labels. We report on the use of an existing small binding peptide, named Enhancer, to modulate the spectroscopic properties of the recently developed rsGreen series of RSFPs. Fusion constructs of Enhancer with rsGreen1 and rsGreenF revealed an increased molecular brightness and pH stability, although expression in living E. coli or HeLa cells resulted in a decrease of the overall emission. Surprisingly, Enhancer binding also increased off-switching speed and resistance to switching fatigue. Further investigation suggested that the RSFPs can interconvert between fast- and slow-switching emissive states, with the overall protein population gradually converting to the slow-switching state through irradiation. The Enhancer modulates the spectroscopic properties of both states, but also preferentially stabilizes the fast-switching state, supporting the increased fatigue resistance. This work demonstrates how the photo-physical properties of RSFPs can be influenced by their binding to other small proteins, which opens up new horizons for applications that may require such modulation. Furthermore, we provide new insights into the photoswitching kinetics that should be of general consideration when developing new RSFPs with improved or different photochromic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Roebroek
- Laboratory for Nanobiology, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sam Duwé
- Laboratory for Nanobiology, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Wim Vandenberg
- Laboratory for Nanobiology, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter Dedecker
- Laboratory for Nanobiology, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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18
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Wang S, Ding M, Chen X, Chang L, Sun Y. Development of bimolecular fluorescence complementation using rsEGFP2 for detection and super-resolution imaging of protein-protein interactions in live cells. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:3119-3131. [PMID: 28663931 PMCID: PMC5480454 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.003119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Direct visualization of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) at high spatial and temporal resolution in live cells is crucial for understanding the intricate and dynamic behaviors of signaling protein complexes. Recently, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays have been combined with super-resolution imaging techniques including PALM and SOFI to visualize PPIs at the nanometer spatial resolution. RESOLFT nanoscopy has been proven as a powerful live-cell super-resolution imaging technique. With regard to the detection and visualization of PPIs in live cells with high temporal and spatial resolution, here we developed a BiFC assay using split rsEGFP2, a highly photostable and reversibly photoswitchable fluorescent protein previously developed for RESOLFT nanoscopy. Combined with parallelized RESOLFT microscopy, we demonstrated the high spatiotemporal resolving capability of a rsEGFP2-based BiFC assay by detecting and visualizing specifically the heterodimerization interactions between Bcl-xL and Bak as well as the dynamics of the complex on mitochondria membrane in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Contributed equally to this work
| | - Miao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Contributed equally to this work
| | - Xuanze Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Contributed equally to this work
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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19
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Nienhaus K, Nienhaus GU. Photoswitchable Fluorescent Proteins: Do Not Always Look on the Bright Side. ACS NANO 2016; 10:9104-9108. [PMID: 27723301 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivatable fluorescent proteins (FPs) have become essential markers for nanoscopy on live specimens. In this issue of ACS Nano, Wang et al. present a reversibly photoswitching FP, GMars-Q, which they promote as an advanced marker for RESOLFT imaging because of its low residual intensity in the off state and low switching fatigue. Here, we explain the observed peculiar photobleaching behavior of GMars-Q by a mechanism that involves efficient shelving of proteins in dark states, resulting in low switching fatigue and low residual off intensity. There is a continuing demand for novel FP markers with properties optimized for specific imaging techniques. Endeavors to engineer such proteins can greatly benefit from increased efforts to acquire deeper mechanistic understanding of their photophysics and photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology , 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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