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Liang J, Xiao K, Wang X, Hou T, Zeng C, Gao X, Wang B, Zhong C. Revisiting Solar Energy Flow in Nanomaterial-Microorganism Hybrid Systems. Chem Rev 2024. [PMID: 38900019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Nanomaterial-microorganism hybrid systems (NMHSs), integrating semiconductor nanomaterials with microorganisms, present a promising platform for broadband solar energy harvesting, high-efficiency carbon reduction, and sustainable chemical production. While studies underscore its potential in diverse solar-to-chemical energy conversions, prevailing NMHSs grapple with suboptimal energy conversion efficiency. Such limitations stem predominantly from an insufficient systematic exploration of the mechanisms dictating solar energy flow. This review provides a systematic overview of the notable advancements in this nascent field, with a particular focus on the discussion of three pivotal steps of energy flow: solar energy capture, cross-membrane energy transport, and energy conversion into chemicals. While key challenges faced in each stage are independently identified and discussed, viable solutions are correspondingly postulated. In view of the interplay of the three steps in affecting the overall efficiency of solar-to-chemical energy conversion, subsequent discussions thus take an integrative and systematic viewpoint to comprehend, analyze and improve the solar energy flow in the current NMHSs of different configurations, and highlighting the contemporary techniques that can be employed to investigate various aspects of energy flow within NMHSs. Finally, a concluding section summarizes opportunities for future research, providing a roadmap for the continued development and optimization of NMHSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kemeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Tianfeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cuiping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Saha S, De A, Banerjee S, Das AK, Ohlin CA, Mondal R. Exploring the Water Oxidation Catalytic Activity of a Mn-Based Magnetic Metal-Organic Framework: The Role of Proton Conductivity and Oxygen Evolution Reaction Overpotential. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10619-10633. [PMID: 38805642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The present work evaluates the water oxidation catalytic activity of a Mn-based metal-organic framework (MOF), which we envisioned to reduce the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential because of its high electrical conductivity, facilitated by solvent-encapsulated structural features. The presence of Mn centers induces interesting magnetic features in the MOF, which exhibits impressive cryogenic magnetic refrigeration with a ΔSM value of 29.94 J kg-1 K-1 for a field change of ΔH = 5T at 2.3 K. To the best of our knowledge, the ΔSM value of the current system ranked the highest position among the published examples. The crystal structure aligns perfectly with the thematic expectations and features as many as ten metal-coordinated water molecules, forming an extensive web of a hydrogen-bonded network while facing toward the porous channel filled with another set of much-anticipated entrapped lattice water molecules. Such structural features are expected to manifest high proton conductivity, and detailed investigation indeed yields the best value for the system at 1.57 × 10-4 S/cm at 95% humidity and 85 °C. In order to evaluate the thematic notion of a one-to-one relationship between OER and improved electrical conductivity, extensive electrocatalytic water splitting (WS) investigations were carried out. The final results show highly encouraging WS ability of the Mn-MOF, showing the electrocatalytic surface area value of the active species as 0.0686 F/g with a turnover frequency value of 0.043 [(mol. O2) (mol. Mn-MOF)-1 s-1]. Another fascinating aspect of the current communication is the excellent synergy observed between the experimental WS outcomes and the corresponding theoretical data calculated using density functional theory (DFT). Consequently, a plausible mechanism of the overall OER and the role of the Mn-MOF as a water oxidation catalyst, along with the importance of water molecules, have also been derived from the theoretical calculations using DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Saha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Avik De
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå University, Umeå 907 36, Sweden
| | - Soumadip Banerjee
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Abhijit Kumar Das
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - C André Ohlin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå University, Umeå 907 36, Sweden
| | - Raju Mondal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Kamilar E, Bariwal J, Zheng W, Ma H, Liang H. SMALPs Are Not Simply Nanodiscs: The Polymer-to-Lipid Ratios of Fractionated SMALPs Underline Their Heterogeneous Nature. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1819-1838. [PMID: 36947865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Amphipathic styrene-maleic acid (SMA) copolymers directly solubilize biomembranes into SMA-lipid particles, or SMALPs, that are often regarded as nanodiscs and hailed as a native membrane platform. The promising outlook of SMALPs inspires the discovery of many SMA-like copolymers that also solubilize biomembranes into putative nanodiscs, but a fundamental question remains on how much the SMALPs or SMALP analogues truly resemble the bilayer structure of nanodiscs. This unfortunate ambiguity undermines the utility of SMA or SMA-like copolymers in membrane biology because the structure and function of many membrane proteins depend critically on their surrounding matrices. Here, we report the structural heterogeneity of SMALPs revealed through fractionating SMALPs comprised of lipids and well-defined SMAs via size-exclusion chromatography followed by quantitative determination of the polymer-to-lipid (P/L) stoichiometric ratios in individual fractions. Through the lens of P/L stoichiometric ratios, different self-assembled polymer-lipid nanostructures are inferred, such as polymer-remodeled liposomes, polymer-encased nanodiscs, polymer-lipid mixed micelles, and lipid-doped polymer micellar aggregates. We attribute the structural heterogeneity of SMALPs to the microstructure variations amongst individual polymer chains that give rise to their polydisperse detergency. As an example, we demonstrate that SMAs with a similar S/MA ratio but different chain sizes participate preferentially in different polymer-lipid nanostructures. We further demonstrate that proteorhodopsin, a light-driven proton pump solubilized within the same SMALPs is distributed amongst different self-assembled nanostructures to display different photocycle kinetics. Our discovery challenges the native nanodisc notion of SMALPs or SMALP analogues and highlights the necessity to separate and identify the structurally dissimilar polymer-lipid particles in membrane biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kamilar
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Jitender Bariwal
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Wan Zheng
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Hairong Ma
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Hongjun Liang
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
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Basik AA, Sanglier JJ, Yeo CT, Sudesh K. Microbial Degradation of Rubber: Actinobacteria. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121989. [PMID: 34204568 PMCID: PMC8235351 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Rubber is an essential part of our daily lives with thousands of rubber-based products being made and used. Natural rubber undergoes chemical processes and structural modifications, while synthetic rubber, mainly synthetized from petroleum by-products are difficult to degrade safely and sustainably. The most prominent group of biological rubber degraders are Actinobacteria. Rubber degrading Actinobacteria contain rubber degrading genes or rubber oxygenase known as latex clearing protein (lcp). Rubber is a polymer consisting of isoprene, each containing one double bond. The degradation of rubber first takes place when lcp enzyme cleaves the isoprene double bond, breaking them down into the sole carbon and energy source to be utilized by the bacteria. Actinobacteria grow in diverse environments, and lcp gene containing strains have been detected from various sources including soil, water, human, animal, and plant samples. This review entails the occurrence, physiology, biochemistry, and molecular characteristics of Actinobacteria with respect to its rubber degrading ability, and discusses possible technological applications based on the activity of Actinobacteria for treating rubber waste in a more environmentally responsible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Anni Basik
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Km. 20 Jalan Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Kuching, Sarawak 93250, Malaysia; (J.-J.S.); (C.T.Y.)
| | - Jean-Jacques Sanglier
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Km. 20 Jalan Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Kuching, Sarawak 93250, Malaysia; (J.-J.S.); (C.T.Y.)
| | - Chia Tiong Yeo
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Km. 20 Jalan Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Kuching, Sarawak 93250, Malaysia; (J.-J.S.); (C.T.Y.)
| | - Kumar Sudesh
- Ecobiomaterial Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-4-6534367; Fax: +60-4-6565125
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Complexity of seemingly simple lipid nanodiscs. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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El Karoui M, Hoyos-Flight M, Fletcher L. Future Trends in Synthetic Biology-A Report. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:175. [PMID: 31448268 PMCID: PMC6692427 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leading researchers working on synthetic biology and its applications gathered at the University of Edinburgh in May 2018 to discuss the latest challenges and opportunities in the field. In addition to the potential socio-economic benefits of synthetic biology, they also examined the ethics and security risks arising from the development of these technologies. Speakers from industry, academia and not-for-profit organizations presented their vision for the future of the field and provided guidance to funding and regulatory bodies to ensure that synthetic biology research is carried out responsibly and can realize its full potential. This report aims to capture the collective views and recommendations that emerged from the discussions that took place. The meeting was held under the Chatham House Rule (i.e., a private invite-only meeting where comments can be freely used but not attributed) to promote open discussion; the findings and quotes included in the report are therefore not attributed to individuals. The goal of the meeting was to identify research priorities and bottlenecks. It also provided the opportunity to discuss how best to manage risk and earn public acceptance of this emerging and disruptive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem El Karoui
- SynthSys-Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Hoyos-Flight
- Innogen Institute, School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Liz Fletcher
- SynthSys-Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Chen Z, Zhang H, Guo P, Zhang J, Tira G, Kim YJ, Wu YA, Liu Y, Wen J, Rajh T, Niklas J, Poluektov OG, Laible PD, Rozhkova EA. Semi-artificial Photosynthetic CO2 Reduction through Purple Membrane Re-engineering with Semiconductor. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11811-11815. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Chen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - He Zhang
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peijun Guo
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Gregory Tira
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yimin A. Wu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Yuzi Liu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Tijana Rajh
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jens Niklas
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Oleg G. Poluektov
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Philip D. Laible
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Elena A. Rozhkova
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
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Wang B, Jiang Z, Yu JC, Wang J, Wong PK. Enhanced CO 2 reduction and valuable C 2+ chemical production by a CdS-photosynthetic hybrid system. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:9296-9301. [PMID: 31049528 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr02896j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Semi-artificial photosynthesis is an emerging technique in recent years. Here, we presented an inorganic-biological hybrid system composed of photosynthetic Rhodopseudomonas palustris and CdS nanoparticles coated on the bacterial surface. Under visible light irradiation, the CO2 reduction and valuable C2+ chemical production of R. palustris could be promoted by the photo-induced electrons from the CdS NPs. The increased energy-rich NADPH cofactor promoted the generation of the Calvin cycle intermediate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. As a result, the production of solid biomass, carotenoids and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) was increased to 148%, 122% and 147%, respectively. The photosynthetic efficiency (PE) of CdS-R. palustris was elevated from the original 4.31% to 5.98%. The surface loaded NP amount and the material-cell interface both played important roles in the efficient electron generation and transduction. The CdS-R. palustris hybrid system also exhibited a survival advantage over its natural counterparts under the autotrophic conditions. Under a practical solar/dark cycle, the produced biomass, carotenoid and PHB from the hybrid system also reach 139%, 117% and 135%, respectively. The CdS-photosynthetic hybrid system represents a powerful and expandable platform for advanced CO2 reduction and solar-to-chemical (S2C) conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.
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Schmid-Dannert C, López-Gallego F. Advances and opportunities for the design of self-sufficient and spatially organized cell-free biocatalytic systems. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 49:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen Z, De Queiros Silveira G, Ma X, Xie Y, Wu YA, Barry E, Rajh T, Fry HC, Laible PD, Rozhkova EA. Light‐Gated Synthetic Protocells for Plasmon‐Enhanced Chemiosmotic Gradient Generation and ATP Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Chen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | | | - Xuedan Ma
- Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Yunsong Xie
- Applied Materials Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Yimin A. Wu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Edward Barry
- Applied Materials Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Tijana Rajh
- Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - H. Christopher Fry
- Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Philip D. Laible
- Biosciences Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
| | - Elena A. Rozhkova
- Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA
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Chen Z, De Queiros Silveira G, Ma X, Xie Y, Wu YA, Barry E, Rajh T, Fry HC, Laible PD, Rozhkova EA. Light-Gated Synthetic Protocells for Plasmon-Enhanced Chemiosmotic Gradient Generation and ATP Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4896-4900. [PMID: 30701643 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a light-gated protocell model made of plasmonic colloidal capsules (CCs) assembled with bacteriorhodopsin for converting solar energy into electrochemical gradients to drive the synthesis of energy-storage molecules. This synthetic protocell incorporated an important intrinsic property of noble metal colloidal particles, namely, plasmonic resonance. In particular, the near-field coupling between adjacent metal nanoparticles gave rise to strongly localized electric fields and resulted in a broad absorption in the whole visible spectra, which in turn promoted the flux of photons to bacteriorhodopsin and accelerated the proton pumping kinetics. The cell-like potential of this design was further demonstrated by leveraging the outward pumped protons as "chemical signals" for triggering ATP biosynthesis in a coexistent synthetic protocell population. Hereby, we lay the ground work for the engineering of colloidal supraparticle-based synthetic protocells with higher-order functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Chen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | | | - Xuedan Ma
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yunsong Xie
- Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yimin A Wu
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Edward Barry
- Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Tijana Rajh
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - H Christopher Fry
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Philip D Laible
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Elena A Rozhkova
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
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12
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The effect of the chromophoric group modification on the optical properties of retinal proteins. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Johnson KE, Gakhar S, Risbud SH, Longo ML. Development and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Gel with Encapsulated Bacteriorhodopsin for Hydrogen Production. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:7488-7496. [PMID: 29874091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We study bacteriorhodopsin (BR) in its native purple membrane encapsulated within amorphous titanium dioxide, or titania, gels and in the presence of titania sol particles to explore this system for hydrogen production. Förster resonance energy transfer between BR and titanium dioxide sol particles was used to conclude that there is nanometer-scale proximity of bacteriorhodopsin to the titanium dioxide. The detection of BR-titania sol aggregates by fluorescence anisotropy and particle sizing indicated the affinity amorphous titania has for BR without the use of additional cross-linkers. UV-vis spectroscopy of BR-titania gels shows that methanol addition did not denature BR at a 25 mM concentration presence as a sacrificial electron donor. Additionally, confinement of BR in the gels significantly limited protein denaturation at higher concentration of added methanol or ethanol. Subsequently, titania gels fabricated through the sol-gel process using a titanium ethoxide precursor, water, and the addition of 25 mM methanol were used to encapsulate BR and a platinum reduction catalyst for the production of hydrogen gas under white light irradiation. The inclusion of 5 μM bacteriorhodopsin resulted in a hydrogen production rate of about 3.8 μmol hydrogen mL-1 h-1, an increase of 52% compared to gels containing no protein. Electron transfer and proton pumping by BR in close proximity to the titania gel surface are feasible explanations for the enhanced production of hydrogen without the need to cross-link BR to the titania gel. This work sets the stage for further developments of amorphous, rather than crystalline, titania-encapsulated bacteriorhodopsin for solar-driven hydrogen production through water splitting.
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