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Ruan H, Guo J, Zhang S, Gao Y, Shang W, Liu Y, Su M, Liu Y, Wang H, Xie T, Cheng G, Du Z. In Situ Local Band Engineering of Monolayer Graphene Using Triboelectric Plasma. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309318. [PMID: 38174636 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Graphene, a promising material with excellent properties, suffers from a major limitation in electronics due to its zero bandgap. The gas molecules adsorption has proven to be an effective approach for band regulation, which usually requires a harsh environment. Here, O2 - ions produced with triboelectric plasma are used for in situ regulation of graphene, and the switching ratio can reach 1010. The O2 - ions physical adsorption will reduce the Fermi-level (EF) of graphene. As the EF of graphene is lower than the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of O2-, the adsorption of O2 - changes from uniform physical adsorption to local chemical adsorption, thereby realizing the semiconductor properties of graphene. The local graphene bandgap is calculated to be 83.4 meV by the variable-temperature experiment. Furthermore, annealing treatment can restore to 1/10 of the initial conductance. The C─O bond formed by O2 - adsorption has low bond energy and is easy to desorb, while the C═O bond formed by adsorption on defects and edges has higher bond energy and is difficult to desorb. The study proposes a simple in situ method to investigate the microscopic process of O2 - adsorption on the graphene surface, demonstrating a new perspective for local energy band engineering of graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ruan
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Junmeng Guo
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yanyuan Gao
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wanyu Shang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Meiying Su
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yabing Liu
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Heng Wang
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Tianen Xie
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zuliang Du
- Key Lab for Special Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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Nason CAF, Vijaya Kumar Saroja AP, Lu Y, Wei R, Han Y, Xu Y. Layered Potassium Titanium Niobate/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite as a Potassium-Ion Battery Anode. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:1. [PMID: 37930492 PMCID: PMC10628103 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
With graphite currently leading as the most viable anode for potassium-ion batteries (KIBs), other materials have been left relatively under-examined. Transition metal oxides are among these, with many positive attributes such as synthetic maturity, long-term cycling stability and fast redox kinetics. Therefore, to address this research deficiency we report herein a layered potassium titanium niobate KTiNbO5 (KTNO) and its rGO nanocomposite (KTNO/rGO) synthesised via solvothermal methods as a high-performance anode for KIBs. Through effective distribution across the electrically conductive rGO, the electrochemical performance of the KTNO nanoparticles was enhanced. The potassium storage performance of the KTNO/rGO was demonstrated by its first charge capacity of 128.1 mAh g-1 and reversible capacity of 97.5 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 20 mA g-1, retaining 76.1% of the initial capacity, with an exceptional rate performance of 54.2 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1. Furthermore, to investigate the attributes of KTNO in-situ XRD was performed, indicating a low-strain material. Ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectra further investigated the mechanism of charge storage, with the titanium showing greater redox reversibility than the niobium. This work suggests this low-strain nature is a highly advantageous property and well worth regarding KTNO as a promising anode for future high-performance KIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie A F Nason
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | | | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Runzhe Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yupei Han
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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