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Tan MJH, Freire-Fernández F, Odom TW. Symmetry-Guided Engineering of Polarization by 2D Moiré Metasurfaces. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39133043 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Cylindrical vector (CV) beams exhibit spatially varying polarization important in optical communication, super-resolution microscopy, and high-throughput information processing. Compared to radially or azimuthally polarized CV beams that are cylindrically symmetric, hybrid-electric (HE) beams offer increased optical tunability because of their polygonally symmetric polarizations. However, efforts to generate and isolate HE beams have relied on bulky optical assemblies or devices with complex and stringent fabrication requirements. Here, we report a moiré-based metasurface approach to engineer HE polarization states with high degrees of rotational symmetry. Importantly, polarization symmetries can be tailored based only on the reciprocal lattice of the metasurface and not the real-space patterns. Our modular method outlines important design principles for shaping light at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J H Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | | | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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2
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de Gaay Fortman N, Kolkowski R, Pal D, Rodriguez SRK, Schall P, Koenderink AF. Spontaneous symmetry breaking in plasmon lattice lasers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn2723. [PMID: 38968356 PMCID: PMC11225787 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is key for our understanding of phase transitions and the spontaneous emergence of order. In this work, we report that, for a two-dimensional (2D) periodic metasurface with gain, SSB occurs in the lasing transition. We study diffractive hexagonal plasmon nanoparticle lattices, where the K-points in momentum space provide two modes that are degenerate in frequency and identically distributed in space. Using femtosecond pulses to energize the gain medium, we simultaneously capture single-shot real-space and Fourier-space images of laser emission. By combining Fourier and real space, we resolve the two order parameters for which symmetry breaking simultaneously occurs: spatial parity and U(1) (rotational) symmetry breaking, evident respectively as random relative mode amplitude and phase. The methodology reported in this work is generally applicable to 2D plasmonic and dielectric metasurfaces and opens numerous opportunities for the study of SSB and the emergence of spatial coherence in metaphotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson de Gaay Fortman
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, NL1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, NL1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Radoslaw Kolkowski
- Department of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, NL1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Debapriya Pal
- Department of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, NL1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Said R. K. Rodriguez
- Department of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, NL1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Schall
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, NL1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A. Femius Koenderink
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, NL1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, NL1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Ahamed M, Afroj MN, Shahid S, Talukder MA. Wavelength selective beam-steering in a dual-mode multi-layer plasmonic laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:19895-19909. [PMID: 38859112 DOI: 10.1364/oe.518705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Due to its improved localization and confinement of light in single or multiple wavelength modes, nanolasers based on plasmonic crystals have grown in popularity in recent years. However, the lasing modes are not spatially separated, making applying different modes to different applications difficult. This work demonstrates an effective technique for spatially separating the two modes of a merged lattice metal nanohole array-based dual-mode plasmonic laser. A flat dielectric metasurface-based beam-splitter that exploits phase gradient profiles on the interfaces has been added to the laser to separate the modes into distinct spatial beams. The proposed structure successfully separates two modes by ∼23°, and the separation can be raised to ∼63° by tuning structural parameters such as the radius of the nanocylinders and the number of supercell rows. In addition, multiple beams can be generated, allowing for manual beam steering. This approach has a high emission output with a narrow linewidth, clarity, and a substantial degree of future tunability potential. The proposed integrated structure will provide a novel means of device miniaturization and may also serve advanced optical applications such as optical communication, quantum optics, interferometry, spectroscopy, and light detection and ranging (LiDAR).
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4
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Zhang Y, Wu C, Gu H, Song Y, Zhao R, Zhang D, Xie Z, Liu Y, Cheng Z. An Active Strategy Based on Different Droplet Removal Modes on Polydimethylsiloxane Magnetic Microstructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400466. [PMID: 38676346 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The efficient removal of droplets on solid surfaces holds significant importance in the field of fog collection, condensation heat transfer, and so on. However, on current typical surfaces, droplets are characterized by a passive and single removal mode, contingent on the traction force (e.g., capillary force, Laplace pressure, etc.) generated by the surface's physics and chemistry design, posing challenges for enhancing the efficiency of droplet removal. In this paper, an effective active strategy based on different removal modes is demonstrated on magnetic responsive polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) superhydrophobic microplates (RM-MPSM). By regulating the parameters of microplates and droplet volume, different effective departure modes (top jumping and side departure) can be induced to facilitate the removal of droplets. Moreover, the removal volume of droplets through the side departure mode exhibits a significant reduction compared to that observed in the top jumping mode. The exceptional removal ability of RM-MPSM demonstrates adaptability to diverse functional applications: efficient fog collection, removal of condensation droplets and micro-particles. The efficient modes of droplet removal demonstrated in this work hold significant implications for broadening its application in many fields, such as droplet collection, heat transfer, and anti-icing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Haoyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yingbin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ruoxi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhongjun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource & Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
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5
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Tan MJH, Patel SK, Chiu J, Zheng ZT, Odom TW. Liquid lasing from solutions of ligand-engineered semiconductor nanocrystals. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:154703. [PMID: 38624126 DOI: 10.1063/5.0201731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) can function as efficient gain materials with chemical versatility because of their surface ligands. Because the properties of NCs in solution are sensitive to ligand-environment interactions, local chemical changes can result in changes in the optical response. However, amplification of the optical response is technically challenging because of colloidal instability at NC concentrations needed for sufficient gain to overcome losses. This paper demonstrates liquid lasing from plasmonic lattice cavities integrated with ligand-engineered CdZnS/ZnS NCs dispersed in toluene and water. By taking advantage of calcium ion-induced aggregation of NCs in aqueous solutions, we show how lasing threshold can be used as a transduction signal for ion detection. Our work highlights how NC solutions and plasmonic lattices with open cavity architectures can serve as a biosensing platform for lab-on-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J H Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Shreya K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jessica Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | | | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
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Zhao G, Gao X, Zhou Y, Song M, Du Y, Li Z, Guan J, Cai Y, Ao X. Unidirectional Lasing from Mirror-Coupled Dielectric Lattices. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:3378-3385. [PMID: 38456747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
This paper reports how a hybrid system composed of transparent dielectric lattices over a metal mirror can produce high-quality lattice resonances for unidirectional lasing. The enhanced electromagnetic fields are concentrated in the cladding of the periodic dielectric structures and away from the metal. Based on a mirror-image model, we reveal that such high-quality lattice resonances are governed by bound states in the continuum resulting from destructive interference. Using hexagonal arrays of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on a silica-coated silver mirror, we observed lattice resonances with quality factors of up to 2750 in the visible regime. With the lattice resonances as optical feedback and dye solution as the gain medium, we demonstrated unidirectional lasing under optical pumping, where the array size was down to 100 μm × 100 μm. Our scheme can be extended to other spectral regimes to simultaneously achieve strongly enhanced surface fields and high quality factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyue Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Mengyuan Song
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yixuan Du
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jun Guan
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Yangjian Cai
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulation and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
- Joint Research Center of Light Manipulation Science and Photonic Integrated Chip of East China Normal University and Shandong Normal University, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xianyu Ao
- Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic Device, School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulation and Applications, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
- Joint Research Center of Light Manipulation Science and Photonic Integrated Chip of East China Normal University and Shandong Normal University, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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7
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Zheng H, Bai Y, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Liu S. Multiple surface lattice resonances of overlapping nanoparticle arrays with different lattice spacing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:35937-35947. [PMID: 38017754 DOI: 10.1364/oe.503748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Multiple surface lattice resonances generated with nanoparticle arrays are promising to enhance light-matter interactions at different spectral positions simultaneously, and it is important to tailor these resonances to desired frequencies for practical applications such as multi-modal nanolasing. To this end, this study proposes to generate multiple surface lattice resonances using overlapping nanoparticle arrays with different lattice spacing. Both full-wave numerical simulations and analytical coupled dipole approximation calculations reveal that for the overlapping structures composed with two different gold nanosphere arrays, both surface lattice resonances for the element structures are effectively excited. Considering that the optical responses are governed by the dipole-dipole interactions between the nanoparticles, it is interesting to find that the multiple surface lattice resonances are almost invariant by adjusting the relative shifts between the two arrays, which can be useful to tailor the high-quality factor resonances to desired spectral positions. In addition, due to the same reason, it is also shown that the multiple surface lattice resonances can be further finely tuned by selectively removing specific nanoparticles in the array. We anticipate that the tolerance to generate multiple surface lattice resonances and the flexible tunability make the overlapping nanoparticle arrays useful to design high performance linear and nonlinear nanophotonic devices.
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8
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Guan J, Hu J, Wang Y, Tan MJH, Schatz GC, Odom TW. Far-field coupling between moiré photonic lattices. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:514-520. [PMID: 36781995 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Superposing two or more periodic structures to form moiré patterns is emerging as a promising platform to confine and manipulate light. However, moiré-facilitated interactions and phenomena have been constrained to the vicinity of moiré lattices. Here we report on the observation of ultralong-range coupling between photonic lattices in bilayer and multilayer moiré architectures mediated by dark surface lattice resonances in the vertical direction. We show that two-dimensional plasmonic nanoparticle lattices enable twist-angle-controlled directional lasing emission, even when the lattices are spatially separated by distances exceeding three orders of magnitude of lattice periodicity. Our discovery of far-field interlattice coupling opens the possibility of using the out-of-plane dimension for optical manipulation on the nanoscale and microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Jingtian Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Max J H Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - George C Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Graduate Program in Applied Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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9
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Piryatinski A, Sukharev M. Degenerate parametric down-conversion facilitated by exciton-plasmon polariton states in a nonlinear plasmonic cavity. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:175001. [PMID: 36693276 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acb5a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We study the effect of degenerate parametric down-conversion (DPDC) in an ensemble of two-level quantum emitters (QEs) coupled via near-field interactions to a single surface plasmon (SP) mode of a nonlinear plasmonic cavity. For this purpose, we develop a quantum driven-dissipative model capturing non-equilibrium dynamics of the system in which incoherently pumped QEs have transition frequency tuned near the second-harmonic response of the SPs. Considering the strong coupling regime, i.e. the SP-QE interaction rate exceeds system dissipation rates, we find a critical SP-QE coupling attributed to the phase transition between normal and lasing steady states. Examining fluctuations above the system's steady states, we predict new elementary excitations, namely, the exciton-plasmon polaritons formed by the two-SP quanta and single-exciton states of QEs. The contribution of two-SP quanta results in the linear scaling of the SP-QE interaction rate with the number of QEs,o, as opposed to theo-scaling known for the Dicke and Tavis-Cummings models. We further examine how SP-QE interaction scaling affects the polariton dispersions and power spectra in the vicinity of the critical coupling. For this purpose, we compare the calculation results assuming a finite ensemble of QEs and the model thermodynamic limit. The calculated power spectra predict an interplay of coherent photon emission by QEs near the second-harmonic frequency and correlated photon-pair emission at the fundamental frequency by the SPs (i.e. the photonic DPDC effect).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Piryatinski
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, United States of America
| | - Maxim Sukharev
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States of America
- College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85201, United States of America
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10
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Gai B, Guo J, Jin Y. Lattice relaxation effects on the collective resonance spectra of a finite dipole array. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:10054-10062. [PMID: 36970935 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00195d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Applying lattice parameter relaxation on a finite photonic crystal can adjust the smoothness of its surface lattice resonance spectral peak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baodong Gai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Lasers, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Jingwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Lasers, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yuqi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Lasers, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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11
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Sun X, Sun J, Wang Z, Wang L, Qiu F, Wen L. Manipulating Dual Bound States in the Continuum for Efficient Spatial Light Modulator. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9982-9989. [PMID: 36475737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spatial light modulators (SLMs) that could control diverse optical properties are highly demanded by many optoelectronic systems. Recently, the integration of nonlinear χ(2) materials and metasurfaces has been recognized as a promising strategy for next-generation SLMs. However, their modulation efficiency still encounters challenges due to low quality factor and weak light-matter interaction. Here, we demonstrate an efficient SLM by manipulating the dual bound state in continuum (BIC) with the assistance of a binary-pore anodic alumina oxide template technique. The coexistence of symmetry-protected BIC and Fabry-Pérot BIC is obtained by a desirable sandwich configuration with a BIC metasurface and EO polymer, which efficiently restrain radiative loss and generate a strong quasi-BIC resonance. The assembled SLM with large absorption and Q-factor delivers a modulation depth of 77% and an f3 dB of nearly 100 MHz. This dual BIC metasurface provides potential for applications including switches, LIDAR, augmented and virtual reality, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Sun
- College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- Research Center for Industries of the Future (RCIF), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Jiacheng Sun
- Research Center for Industries of the Future (RCIF), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zichen Wang
- Research Center for Industries of the Future (RCIF), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Lang Wang
- Research Center for Industries of the Future (RCIF), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou310018, China
- Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Gravitational Wave Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Liaoyong Wen
- Research Center for Industries of the Future (RCIF), School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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12
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Xing D, Lin CC, Ho YL, Lee YC, Chen MH, Lin BW, Chen CW, Delaunay JJ. Ligand Engineering and Recrystallization of Perovskite Quantum-Dot Thin Film for Low-Threshold Plasmonic Lattice Laser. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204070. [PMID: 36123147 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Solution-process perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials to be utilized in photovoltaics and photonics with their superior optical properties. Advancements in top-down nanofabrication for perovskite are thus important for practical photonic and plasmonic devices. However, different from the chemically synthesized nano/micro-structures that show high quality and low surface roughness, the perovskite QD thin film prepared by spin-coating or the drop-casting process shows a large roughness and inhomogeneity. Low-roughness and low-optical loss perovskite QD thin film is highly desired for photonic and optoelectronic devices. Here, this work presents a pressure-assisted ligand engineering/recrystallization process for high-quality and well-thickness controlled CsPbBr3 QD film and demonstrates a low-threshold and single-mode plasmonic lattice laser. A recrystallization process is proposed to prepare the QD film with a low roughness (RMS = 1.3 nm) and small thickness (100 nm). Due to the low scattering loss and strong interaction between gain media and plasmonic nanoparticles, a low lasing threshold of 16.9 µJ cm-2 is achieved. It is believed that this work is not only important to the plasmonic laser field but also provides a promising and general nanofabrication method of solution-processed QDs for various photonic and plasmonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xing
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lun Ho
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yang-Chun Lee
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Mu-Hsin Chen
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Bo-Wei Lin
- School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT), National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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13
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Wang J, Zhang S, Li Y, Wu C, Zhang W, Zhang H, Xie Z, Zhou S. Ultra-Broadband Random Laser and White-Light Emissive Carbon Dots/Crystal In-Situ Hybrids. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203152. [PMID: 36026553 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The continuous white-light emission of carbon dots (CDs) can be applied to producing multicolor laser emissions by one single medium. Meanwhile, the solid-state emission greatly contributes to its practical application. In this work, a strategy to realize the in-situ hybridization of silane-functionalized CDs (SiCDs) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid trimethyl ester (Et3BTC) by a one-pot solvothermal method is reported. Significantly, the SiCDs/Et3BTC hybrid crystals exhibit ultra-broadband random laser emission over the near ultraviolet-visible region under 265 nm nanosecond pulsed laser excitation. The wavelength region of laser emission is achieved from 315 to 600 nm within an emission band of CDs-based materials. It is worth noting that the wavelength range of the laser is wider than the previously reported works. It is proposed that the continuous white-light emission of SiCDs caused by multiple fluorescence centers mainly gives rise to the broadband random laser emission. Moreover, the crystals are conducive to forming resonance and realizing solid-state laser emission. This in-situ method is expected to enable a more convenient, cheaper, and greener approach to prepare luminescent hybrids for application in multicolor laser displays, multi-level laser anti-counterfeiting, supercontinuum light sources, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shaofeng Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Cuiyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenfei Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuyun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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14
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Tan MJH, Park JE, Freire-Fernández F, Guan J, Juarez XG, Odom TW. Lasing Action from Quasi-Propagating Modes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203999. [PMID: 35734937 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Band edges at the high symmetry points in reciprocal space of periodic structures hold special interest in materials engineering for their high density of states. In optical metamaterials, standing waves found at these points have facilitated lasing, bound-states-in-the-continuum, and Bose-Einstein condensation. However, because high symmetry points by definition are localized, properties associated with them are limited to specific energies and wavevectors. Conversely, quasi-propagating modes along the high symmetry directions are predicted to enable similar phenomena over a continuum of energies and wavevectors. Here, quasi-propagating modes in 2D nanoparticle lattices are shown to support lasing action over a continuous range of wavelengths and symmetry-determined directions from a single device. Using lead halide perovskite nanocrystal films as gain materials, lasing is achieved from waveguide-surface lattice resonance (W-SLR) modes that can be decomposed into propagating waves along high symmetry directions, and standing waves in the orthogonal direction that provide optical feedback. The characteristics of the lasing beams are analyzed using an analytical 3D model that describes diffracted light in 2D lattices. Demonstrations of lasing across different wavelengths and lattice designs highlight how quasi-propagating modes offer possibilities to engineer chromatic multibeam emission important in hyperspectral 3D sensing, high-bandwidth Li-Fi communication, and laser projection displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J H Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Jeong-Eun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | | | - Jun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Xitlali G Juarez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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15
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Shahid S, Talukder MA. Dual-wavelength hybrid Tamm plasmonic laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:25234-25248. [PMID: 36237058 DOI: 10.1364/oe.456249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Miniature lasers emitting dual-wavelength modes have diverse applications alongside the more explored single-mode counterparts. However, having dual-wavelength modes originating from a plasmonic-photonic hybrid laser is still a relatively new area for research. Compared to the amount of literature devoted to the physics of such hybrid cavities, only a few have analyzed their role in lasing applications. Notably, the role of hybrid cavities in dual-wavelength lasing is still unexplored. In this work, the properties of one-dimensional distributed Bragg reflectors and thin metal nanohole arrays come together to create a hybrid dual-mode plasmonic laser. The similar energy distribution characteristics of photonic and plasmonic lasers make hybrid structures a viable choice for efficient dual-mode lasing. In this work, the lasing cavity simultaneously excites photonic and Tamm plasmonic modes to generate dual-mode lasing. Consequently, the proposed laser shows high emission output with narrow linewidth and a clear and tunable mode separation.
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16
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Guan J, Park JE, Deng S, Tan MJH, Hu J, Odom TW. Light-Matter Interactions in Hybrid Material Metasurfaces. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15177-15203. [PMID: 35762982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This Review focuses on the integration of plasmonic and dielectric metasurfaces with emissive or stimuli-responsive materials for manipulating light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. Metasurfaces, engineered planar structures with rationally designed building blocks, can change the local phase and intensity of electromagnetic waves at the subwavelength unit level and offers more degrees of freedom to control the flow of light. A combination of metasurfaces and nanoscale emitters facilitates access to weak and strong coupling regimes for enhanced photoluminescence, nanoscale lasing, controlled quantum emission, and formation of exciton-polaritons. In addition to emissive materials, functional materials that respond to external stimuli can be combined with metasurfaces to engineer tunable nanophotonic devices. Emerging metasurface designs including surface-functionalized, chemically tunable, and multilayer hybrid metasurfaces open prospects for diverse applications, including photocatalysis, sensing, displays, and quantum information.
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17
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Liu J, Chen Y, Jin F, Wang J, Ikeda T, Jiang L. Single-, Dual-, Triple, and Quadruple-Wavelength Surface-Emitting Lasing in Blue-Phase Liquid Crystal. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108330. [PMID: 34918395 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Soft organic lasers with multiwavelength output and high spectral purity are of crucial importance for versatile photonic devices, owing to their monochromaticity, coherence, and high intensity. However, there remain challenges for the achievement of surface-emitting multiwavelength lasing in soft photonic crystals, and the relative mechanisms need to be investigated. Herein, single-, dual-, triple-, and quadruple-wavelength lasers are successfully achieved in dye-doped blue-phase liquid crystal (BPLC) film. The number and wavelength of the lasing peaks can be manipulated by tuning the center of the bandgap, the order parameter of the laser dye, the quality of the resonance cavity, and even the pump energy. For single-wavelength lasing, a lasing peak with an ultranarrow linewidth of 0.04 nm (Q-factor of 13 454) is achieved. Multiwavelength lasing is attained based on the following aspects: i) the narrow bandgaps of the BPLCs with full width at half maximum of 14-20 nm; ii) a laser dye with high gain over a wide wavelength band, having a low-order parameter in the liquid crystal matrix; iii) appropriate relative positions between the reflection and fluorescence peaks; and iv) the highly ordered crystal lattice of BPLC film. The proposed single-to-quadruple-wavelength surface-emitting lasers can be employed as coherent light sources for next-generation optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jingxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, China
| | - Tomiki Ikeda
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, School of Future Technologies, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101407, China
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18
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Shi Y, Dong Y, Sun D, Li G. Significant Near-Field Enhancement over Large Volumes around Metal Nanorods via Strong Coupling of Surface Lattice Resonances and Fabry–Pérot Resonance. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041523. [PMID: 35208063 PMCID: PMC8876971 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles supporting plasmons are widely used to enhance electromagnetic fields, resulting in strong light–matter interactions at the nanoscale in a diverse range of applications. Recently, it has been shown that when metal nanorods are periodically arranged with proper lattice periods, surface lattice resonances (SLRs) can be excited and near fields can be greatly enhanced over extended volumes. In this work, we report significant near field enhancement over even larger volumes by placing the metal nanorod array within a Fabry–Pérot (F-P) microcavity. Simulation results show that by taking advantage of strong coupling between the SLR and the photonic F-P resonances, the electric field intensity of the bonding split mode can be enhanced by up to 1935 times, which is about three times of the enhancement of the SLR, and the greatly enhanced field can extend over most of the F-P microcavity. We further show that the F-P resonances of both odd and even orders can strongly couple to the SLR by varying the nanorods position from the middle of the microcavity. We expect that the proposed plasmonic-photonic coupling system will find promising applications in nanolasers, nonlinear optics and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Shi
- Schools of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Weixing Road, Changchun 130022, China;
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Yuming Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Degui Sun
- Schools of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology, 7089 Weixing Road, Changchun 130022, China;
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Guangyuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China;
- Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (G.L.)
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19
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Shahid S, Zumrat SE, Talukder MA. A merged lattice metal nanohole array based dual-mode plasmonic laser with an ultra-low threshold. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:801-813. [PMID: 36131826 PMCID: PMC9416848 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00402f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic lasers offer great potential for cutting-edge, disruptive applications. However, they suffer from a high loss in metals, lack of spatial coherence in the near field, and divergent far-field emission. The challenges are even more significant for a plasmonic laser emitting more than one wavelength mode. The design complexity required for creating multiple modes often limits avenues for minimizing losses and converging far-field emission patterns. This work exploits plasmonic resonances at the junction of a merged lattice metal nanohole array (NHA) and a one-dimensional photonic crystal to achieve dual-mode lasing. The merged lattice NHA is designed by concentrically combining two simple NHAs with different periodicities to create pseudo randomness, leading to enhanced localization and confinement of light in multiple wavelength modes. The proposed structure notably produces intense dual-mode lasing at an ultra-low threshold compared to recent state-of-the-art plasmonic laser demonstrations. The wavelengths of the lasing modes and the separation between them can be tuned over a broad range by changing the structural parameters. The proposed laser also creates a highly directional far-field pattern with a divergence angle of only <0.35°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadman Shahid
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Shahed-E- Zumrat
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Anisuzzaman Talukder
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka 1205 Bangladesh
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20
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Chen M, Lu L, Yu H, Li C, Zhao N. Integration of Colloidal Quantum Dots with Photonic Structures for Optoelectronic and Optical Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2101560. [PMID: 34319002 PMCID: PMC8456226 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dot (QD), a solution-processable nanoscale optoelectronic building block with well-controlled light absorption and emission properties, has emerged as a promising material system capable of interacting with various photonic structures. Integrated QD/photonic structures have been successfully realized in many optical and optoelectronic devices, enabling enhanced performance and/or new functionalities. In this review, the recent advances in this research area are summarized. In particular, the use of four typical photonic structures, namely, diffraction gratings, resonance cavities, plasmonic structures, and photonic crystals, in modulating the light absorption (e.g., for solar cells and photodetectors) or light emission (e.g., for color converters, lasers, and light emitting diodes) properties of QD-based devices is discussed. A brief overview of QD-based passive devices for on-chip photonic circuit integration is also presented to provide a holistic view on future opportunities for QD/photonic structure-integrated optoelectronic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Chen
- School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
- Department of Electronic EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina
| | - Lihua Lu
- School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Electronic EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina
| | - Cheng Li
- School of Electronic Science and EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
- Future DisplayInstitute of XiamenXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Ni Zhao
- Department of Electronic EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina
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21
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Gamal M, Kandas I, Badran H, Hajjiah A, Muhammed M, Shehata N. Decay Rates of Plasmonic Elliptical Nanostructures via Effective Medium Theory. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1928. [PMID: 34443759 PMCID: PMC8398447 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the spontaneous decay rate of elliptical plasmonic nanostructures. The refractive index was analyzed using the effective medium theory (EMT). Then, the polarizability, spontaneous radiative, non-radiative decay rate, and electric field enhancement factor were characterized for the targeted elliptical nanostructures at different aspect ratios. All of the optical analyses were analyzed at different distances between the excited fluorescent coupled atom and the plasmonic nanostructure (down to 100 nm). This work is promising in selecting the optimum elliptical nanostructure according to the required decay rates for optical conversion efficiency control in energy harvesting for solar cells and optical sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Gamal
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics, SmartCI Research Center, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.K.)
| | - Ishac Kandas
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics, SmartCI Research Center, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.K.)
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Hussein Badran
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat 13133, Kuwait; (H.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Ali Hajjiah
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat 13133, Kuwait; (H.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Mufasila Muhammed
- Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, Safat 13133, Kuwait;
| | - Nader Shehata
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics, SmartCI Research Center, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.K.)
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
- Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, Safat 13133, Kuwait;
- USTAR Bioinnovation Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84341, USA
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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22
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Mitchell J, Weimer JJ. Controlled Spreading Rates to Distribute Nanoparticles as Uniform Langmuir Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:5139-5150. [PMID: 33872033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on using a controlled spreading rate to create Langmuir films of nanoparticles with more uniform, macroscale packing. A dispersion of hydrophobic quantum dots in n-hexane was deposited on subphase solutions containing various compositions of water and glycerol. Fluorescence images were captured as the film spread radially. An average spreading rate was defined using film radius and time at maximum expansion. On water with the highest spreading rate, films have an open region surrounded by a coffee ring. At a well-defined slower spreading rate, a distinct inner compact region appears between the open film and coffee ring, now called an outer compact region. As the spreading rate decreases further, the relative position for the open film boundary moves inward while the relative areas for the inner and outer compact regions increase. Films are the smallest in size at the slowest spreading rate on glycerol. The patterns are button-like with a central depleted region (open film), compact inner and outer regions, and a less-dense outer edge region. Normalized radial profiles were used to generate a partition map for the relative radial positions marking each film region at different spreading rates. Area number densities were calculated in the highest-packed regions. The values give no conclusive evidence that nanoparticles stack as multilayers, even the most compactly covered regions. Films spreading on glycerol form the most uniform, circular-shaped, densely packed arrangement of nanoparticles as their final pattern.
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23
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Fang X, Xiong L, Shi J, Li G. High-Q quadrupolar plasmonic lattice resonances in horizontal metal-insulator-metal gratings. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:1546-1549. [PMID: 33793482 DOI: 10.1364/ol.419364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose a plasmonic platform for achieving out-of-plane quadrupolar plasmonic surface lattice resonances (SLRs) with large quality factors. The proposed platform is composed of a horizontal metal-insulator-metal (MIM) grating embedded in a homogeneous dielectric environment. Numerical results based on rigorous coupled-wave analysis show that under oblique incidences, high-Q out-of-plane quadrupolar SLRs can be excited at wavelengths of 1242 nm over a wide range of insulator widths, and the quality factor can reach 1036. As a comparison, under the same conditions, only dipolar SLRs with much lower quality factors of ∼300 can be excited in a vertical MIM grating, which has the same period and a quarter-turned unit cell. We expect that the proposed high-Q quadrupolar SLR platform will find applications in light-matter interactions on the nanoscale.
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24
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Shi H, He J, Guo H, Liu X, Wang Z, Liu YG. Single-resonator, stable dual-longitudinal-mode optofluidic microcavity laser based on a hollow-core microstructured optical fiber. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:10077-10088. [PMID: 33820142 DOI: 10.1364/oe.418936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A single-resonator, stable dual-longitudinal-mode optofluidic microcavity laser based on a hollow-core microstructured optical fiber is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The resonator and microfluidic channel are integrated in the hollow-core region of the fiber, inside which a hexagonal silica ring is used as the only resonator of the laser. Experimental results show that with mixing a small amount of Rhodamine B into a 1 mM Rhodamine 6G solution to form a dual-dye solution as a gain medium, the laser obtained by the method of lateral pumping can operate at dual longitudinal modes, with a threshold of 90 nJ/mm2. By adjusting the concentration of Rhodamine B, the lasing wavelength of the laser and the power ratio of the two wavelengths can be controlled. And because the laser emission is co-excited by different kinds of dye molecules, the mode competition is diminished, enabling the simultaneously efficient optical gain and therefore lasing at dual longitudinal modes stably with a maximum lasing intensity fluctuation of 3.2% within 30 minutes even if the dual longitudinal modes have the same linear polarization states. This work can open up promising opportunities for diverse applications in biosensing and medical diagnosis with high sensitivity and integrated photonics with compact structure.
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25
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Chiang N, Scarabelli L, Vinnacombe-Willson GA, Pérez LA, Dore C, Mihi A, Jonas SJ, Weiss PS. Large-Scale Soft-Lithographic Patterning of Plasmonic Nanoparticles. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2021; 3:282-289. [PMID: 34337418 PMCID: PMC8323846 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.0c00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoscale patterned monolayers of plasmonic nanoparticles were fabricated by combining concepts from colloidal chemistry, self-assembly, and subtractive soft lithography. Leveraging chemical interactions between the capping ligands of pre-synthesized gold colloids and a polydimethylsiloxane stamp, we demonstrated patterning gold nanoparticles over centimeter-scale areas with a variety of micro- and nanoscale geometries, including islands, lines, and chiral structures (e.g., square spirals). By successfully achieving nanoscale manipulation over a wide range of substrates and patterns, we establish a powerful and straightforward strategy, nanoparticle chemical lift-off lithography (NP-CLL), for the economical and scalable fabrication of functional plasmonic materials with colloidal nanoparticles as building blocks, offering a transformative solution for designing next-generation plasmonic technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihao Chiang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Leonardo Scarabelli
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gail A. Vinnacombe-Willson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Luis A. Pérez
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Camilla Dore
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Agustín Mihi
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Steven J. Jonas
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Eli & Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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26
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Sukharev M, Roslyak O, Piryatinski A. Second-harmonic generation in nonlinear plasmonic lattices enhanced by quantum emitter gain medium. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084703. [PMID: 33639729 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on a theoretical study of second-harmonic generation (SHG) in plasmonic nanostructures interacting with two-level quantum emitters (QEs) under incoherent energy pump. We generalize the driven-dissipative Tavis-Cummings model by introducing the anharmonic surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) mode coupled to QEs and examine physical properties of corresponding SPP-QE polariton states. Our calculations of the SHG efficiency for strong QE-SPP coupling demonstrate orders of magnitude enhancement facilitated by the polariton gain. We further discuss time-domain numerical simulations of SHG in a square lattice comprising Ag nanopillars coupled to QEs utilizing a fully vectorial nonperturbative nonlinear hydrodynamic model for conduction electrons coupled to Maxwell-Bloch equations for QEs. The simulations support the idea of gain enhanced SHG and show orders of magnitude increase in the SHG efficiency as the QEs are tuned in resonance with the lattice plasmon mode and brought above the population inversion threshold by incoherent pumping. By varying pump frequency and tuning QEs to a localized plasmon mode, we demonstrate further enhancement of the SHG efficiency facilitated by strong local electric fields. The incident light polarization dependence of the SHG is examined and related to the symmetries of participating plasmon modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Sukharev
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Oleksiy Roslyak
- Physics and Engineering Physics, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458, USA
| | - Andrei Piryatinski
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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27
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Sub-picosecond thermalization dynamics in condensation of strongly coupled lattice plasmons. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3139. [PMID: 32561728 PMCID: PMC7305221 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bosonic condensates offer exciting prospects for studies of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics. Understanding the dynamics is particularly challenging in the sub-picosecond timescales typical for room temperature luminous driven-dissipative condensates. Here we combine a lattice of plasmonic nanoparticles with dye molecule solution at the strong coupling regime, and pump the molecules optically. The emitted light reveals three distinct regimes: one-dimensional lasing, incomplete stimulated thermalization, and two-dimensional multimode condensation. The condensate is achieved by matching the thermalization rate with the lattice size and occurs only for pump pulse durations below a critical value. Our results give access to control and monitoring of thermalization processes and condensate formation at sub-picosecond timescale.
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