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Qin G, Zhao N, Wang W, Wang M, Zhu J, Yang J, Lin F, Huang X, Zhang Y, Min L, Chen G, Kong J. Glyphosate-Induced Abscisic Acid Accumulation Causes Male Sterility in Sea Island Cotton. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1058. [PMID: 36903918 PMCID: PMC10005681 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sea Island cotton is the best quality tetraploid cultivated cotton in the world, in terms of fiber quality. Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide in cotton production, and the improper use of herbicides has led to pollen abortion in sea island cotton and, consequently, to a dramatic decrease in yield; however, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, different concentrations (0, 3.75, 7.5, 15, and 30 g/L) of glyphosate were applied to CP4-EPSPS transgenic sea island cotton Xinchang 5 in 2021 and 2022 at Korla, with 15 g/L glyphosate chosen as the suitable concentration. By comparing the paraffin sections of 2-24 mm anthers in the 15 g/L glyphosate treatment group with those in the water control group, we showed that the key period of anther abortion after glyphosate treatment was the formation and development of tetrads, which corresponded to 8-9 mm buds. Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the treated and control anthers revealed a significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes in phytohormone-related pathways, in particular abscisic acid response and regulation pathways. Additionally, after treatment with 15 g/L of glyphosate, there was a significant increase in the amount of abscisic acid in the anthers in the 8-9 mm buds. Further analysis of the differential expression of abscisic acid response and regulatory genes, an abscisic acid response gene GbTCP14 (Gbar_A11G003090) was identified, which was significantly upregulated in buds with 15 g/L glyphosate treatment than the control, and it could be a key candidate gene for the subsequent research involving male sterility induced by glyphosate in sea island cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Qin
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultusral University, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Weiran Wang
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Jiahui Zhu
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feng Lin
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Xinglei Huang
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- College of Grassland Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Ling Min
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guodong Chen
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Jie Kong
- Institute of Cash Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Crop Resistance in Arid Desert Regions (Preparation), Urumqi 830052, China
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Shi G, Kim H, Koo S. Oxo-Carotenoids as Efficient Superoxide Radical Scavengers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081525. [PMID: 36009244 PMCID: PMC9405038 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxo-carotenoids containing conjugated carbonyl groups in their chains were designed to be more efficient superoxide radical scavengers than natural carotenoids, β-carotene and canthaxanthin. A practical chain-extension method for polyene dials (e.g., crocetin dial) was also proposed based on Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons olefination. Double aldol condensation between polyene dials and acetophenones with ring substituents produced oxo-carotenoids with substituted benzene rings. The antioxidant activity of oxo-carotenoids was measured using DPPH (radical) and ABTS (cationic radical) scavenging assays and compared with the analysis with the superoxide (anionic radical) probe. An effective conjugation length by carbon–carbon double bonds is important to provide superior antioxidant activity for oxo-carotenoids, regardless of the type of radical probe used in the assay. Increasing electron density is favorable to strong antioxidant activity in DPPH, and the phenol group is favored in ABTS, whereas electron deficient oxo-carotenoids are very potent in the superoxide radical assay. All oxo-carotenoids exhibited 105~151% better superoxide radical scavenging activity compared to beta-carotene (100%), whereas 38~155% in DPPH and 16~96% in ABTS radical scavenging activities were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaosheng Shi
- Department of Energy Science and Technology, Myongji University, Myongji-Ro 116, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Hyein Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Myongji-Ro 116, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Sangho Koo
- Department of Energy Science and Technology, Myongji University, Myongji-Ro 116, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Myongji University, Myongji-Ro 116, Yongin 17058, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
- Correspondence:
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