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Sada PK, Bar A, Jassal AK, Kumar P, Srikrishna S, Singh AK, Kumar S, Singh L, Rai A. A Novel Rhodamine Probe Acting as Chemosensor for Selective Recognition of Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ Ions: An Experimental and First Principle Studies. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:2035-2055. [PMID: 37682499 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03412-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper and Mercury ions have vital role to play in biological world as their excess or deficiency can cause different type of diseases in human being as well as biological species including plants and animals. Therefore, their detection at trace level becomes very important in term of biological. The current studies embody the fabrication, structural characterization and recognition behavior of a novel rhodamine B hydrazone formed when hydrazide of rhodamine B was condensed with 5-Allyl-3-methoxy salicylaldehyde (RBMA). RBMA was found to be responsive towards the very trace level of Cu2+ and Hg2+ among other tested cations so far. The sensing procedure is based on the classical opening of the spiroatom ring of rhodamine. The limit of detection (LOD) and binding constant is 5.35 ppm, 2.06 × 104 M-1 and 5.16 ppm, 1.26 × 104 M-1 for Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions respectively. The probable mechanism correlates the specific binding of RBMA with Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions. The 1:1 stoichiometry of RBMA with Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions have been supported by HRMS, FT-IR data, Job's plot, and binding constant data. Reversibility is well exhibited by RBMA by the involvement of CO32- ions via demetallation process. The real time application is well demonstrated by the use of paper strip test. The DFT study also carried out which agrees well with the experimental findings. The results displayed the novelty of this current work towards the trace level analysis of the Cu2+ and Hg2+ of the cations which are play the crucial role in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar Sada
- University Department of Chemistry, L.N. Mithila University Darbhanga, Bihar, 846008, India
| | - Amit Bar
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | | | - Prabhat Kumar
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - S Srikrishna
- Department of Bio-Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Alok Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, 273009, India.
| | - Sumit Kumar
- PG Department of Chemistry, Magadh University Bodh Gaya, Bihar, India.
| | - Laxman Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Siddharth University, Kapilvastu, Siddharth Nagar, 272202, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Abhishek Rai
- University Department of Chemistry, L.N. Mithila University Darbhanga, Bihar, 846008, India.
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Leslee DBC, Karuppannan S. A Ratiometric Green Fluorescent Carbazole-Bis(hydrazinobenzothiazole) Probe for the Selective Detection of Toxic Hg 2+ Ions in Real Water Samples. Chempluschem 2024:e202400203. [PMID: 38728531 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
A dyad Carbazolyl-bis(hydrazinobenzothiazole) was designed to form a symmetrical structure that containing two-arm active binding sites facilitates coordination with Hg2+ ion. This sensor has imparted a colorimetric and fluorometric changes in presence of Hg2+ ions. The ligand showed a selective blue shift in presence of Hg2+even in co-existence with heavy metal ions with luminescence change from colorless to blue and colorless to green under day light. Enhanced Intramolecular charge transfer process is responsible for fluorescence transformation when ligand interacts with Hg2+ ion. The emission spectra showed a ratiometric response to increasing addition of Hg2+ ions. The sensor is capable of detecting above the lower concentration of 6.8025×10-8 M. The fluorescence efficiency of CBT-2 with Hg2+ ion is quite stable under different co-metal ions and wide range of pH 6 to 9. The sensor CBT-2 forms a 1 : 1 stoichiometric complex with Hg2+ ions and the binding nature is confirmed from the 1H-NMR, FTIR, and mass spectroscopic studies. The sensor CBT-2 and its Hg2+ complex possess good binding nature to protein in Bovine Serum Albumin which could be good in biological applications. Additionally, wedevelop a practical application in real water sample analysis and electrochemical detection via oxidation potential discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denzil Britto Christopher Leslee
- Department of Science and Humanities (Chemistry), Anna University -, University College of Engineering, Dindigul, 624622, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sekar Karuppannan
- Department of Science and Humanities (Chemistry), Anna University -, University College of Engineering, Dindigul, 624622, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Musikavanhu B, Liang Y, Xue Z, Feng L, Zhao L. Strategies for Improving Selectivity and Sensitivity of Schiff Base Fluorescent Chemosensors for Toxic and Heavy Metals. Molecules 2023; 28:6960. [PMID: 37836803 PMCID: PMC10574220 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxic cations, including heavy metals, pose significant environmental and health risks, necessitating the development of reliable detection methods. This review investigates the techniques and approaches used to strengthen the sensitivity and selectivity of Schiff base fluorescent chemosensors designed specifically to detect toxic and heavy metal cations. The paper explores a range of strategies, including functional group variations, structural modifications, and the integration of nanomaterials or auxiliary receptors, to amplify the efficiency of these chemosensors. By improving selectivity towards targeted cations and achieving heightened sensitivity and detection limits, consequently, these strategies contribute to the advancement of accurate and efficient detection methods while increasing the range of end-use applications. The findings discussed in this review offer valuable insights into the potential of leveraging Schiff base fluorescent chemosensors for the accurate and reliable detection and monitoring of heavy metal cations in various fields, including environmental monitoring, biomedical research, and industrial safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Musikavanhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Yongdi Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zhaoli Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Lei Feng
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Monash University, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215000, China;
| | - Long Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (B.M.); (Y.L.); (Z.X.)
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4
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A pyrazole derived “off-on-off” fluorescence sensor for sequential detection of Al3+ and Fe3+. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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5
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Panova MA, Shcherbakov KV, Zhilina EF, Burgart YV, Saloutin VI. Synthesis of Mono- and Polyazole Hybrids Based on Polyfluoroflavones. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020869. [PMID: 36677924 PMCID: PMC9865898 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The possibility of functionalization of 2-(polyfluorophenyl)-4H-chromen-4-ones, with them having different numbers of fluorine atoms, with 1,2,4-triazole or imidazole under conditions of base-promoted nucleophilic aromatic substitution has been shown. A high selectivity of mono-substitution was found with the use of an azole (1.5 equiv.)/NaOBut(1.5 equiv.)/MeCN system. The structural features of fluorinated mono(azolyl)-substituted flavones in crystals were established using XRD analysis. The ability of penta- and tetrafluoroflavones to form persubstituted products with triazole under azole (6 equiv.)/NaOBut(6 equiv.)/DMF conditions was found in contrast to similar transformations with imidazole. On the basis of mono(azolyl)-containing polyfluoroflavones in reactions with triazole and pyrazole, polynuclear hybrid compounds containing various azole fragments were obtained. For poly(pyrazolyl)-substituted flavones, green emission in the solid state under UV-irradiation was found, and for some derivatives, weak fungistatic activity was found.
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Zhao X, Zhang L, Lv X, Liu J, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Li S, Wang Q. Large-area fluorescence enhancement of R6G based on a uniform PVA-Au plasmonic substrate. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:43281-43292. [PMID: 36523029 DOI: 10.1364/oe.472908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the development of surface enhanced fluorescence (SEF) spectroscopy technology, uniform and low-cost SEF substrate is urgently needed. In this paper, the nanocomposite films of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) embedded with in-situ Au particles, their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) bands locate at different wavelengths from 525 nm to 569 nm, were used as substrates to enhance the fluorescence of rhodamine 6 G (R6G). The results shows that the uniform light emission in large area can be measured, and the maximum enhancement factor (EF) is about 13 folds. With increasing concentration of R6G films, the EF first increases and then slowly decreases. It is demonstrated that the EF greatly depends on the matching degree of the emission/excitation of R6G and the LSPR band of PVA-Au substrate. All the results further suggests that the PVA-Au substrate not only realize the fluorescence enhancement but also attenuates the fluorescence quenching at higher concentration. In addition, the local electric distribution of the substrate is simulated by using three-dimensional finite different time-domain (FDTD) to further demonstrate the mechanism of the SEF. This substrate has good development prospects in the fields of fluorescent probes and fluorescence imaging, which can be beneficial to the development of uniform and low-cost SEF substrate.
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Khan ME, Mohammad A, Yoon T. State-of-the-art developments in carbon quantum dots (CQDs): Photo-catalysis, bio-imaging, and bio-sensing applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134815. [PMID: 35526688 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), the intensifying nanostructured form of carbon material, have exhibited incredible impetus in several research fields such as bio-imaging, bio-sensing, drug delivery systems, optoelectronics, photovoltaics, and photocatalysis, thanks to their exceptional properties. The CQDs show extensive photonic and electronic properties, as well as their light-collecting, tunable photoluminescence, remarkable up-converted photoluminescence, and photo-induced transfer of electrons were widely studied. These properties have great advantages in a variety of visible-light-induced catalytic applications for the purpose of fully utilizing the energy from the solar spectrum. The major purpose of this review is to validate current improvements in the fabrication of CQDs, characteristics, and visible-light-induced catalytic applications, with a focus on CQDs multiple functions in photo-redox processes. We also examine the problems and future directions of CQD-based nanostructured materials in this growing research field, with an eye toward establishing a decisive role for CQDs in photocatalysis, bio-imaging, and bio-sensing applications that are enormously effective and stable over time. In the end, a look forward to future developments is presented, with a view to overcoming challenges and encouraging further research into this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ehtisham Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology (CAIT), Jazan University, Jazan, 45971, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Akbar Mohammad
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 38541, South Korea.
| | - Taeho Yoon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 38541, South Korea.
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8
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Wang L, Yu L, Ge H, Bu Y, Sun M, Huang D, Wang S. A novel reversible dual-mode probe based on amorphous carbon nanodots for the detection of mercury ion and glutathione. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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9
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A novel and simple fluorescent chemical sensor SX based on AIE for relay recognition of Zn2+ and Cu2+ in aqueous system and analysis in logic gates. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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10
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Verma A, Modi K, Dey S, Kongor A, Panchal M, Vora M, Panjwani F, Jain VK. Development of tBu-phenyl Acetamide Appended Thiacalix[4]arene as "Turn-ON" Fluorescent Probe for Selective Recognition of Hg(II) Ions. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:637-645. [PMID: 35025015 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a novel N-(4-(tert-butyl)-phenyl)-2-chloroacetamide functionalized thiacalix[4]arene architecture, viz TCAN2PA has been synthesized and the sensing behaviour towards metal ions were explored. The probe, TCAN2PA displayed "turn-on" fluorescence response towards Hg(II) ions in acetonitrile over a series of competing common metal ions. A bathochromic shift in absorption band along with a significant "Turn-On" fluorescence behaviour of TCAN2PA was observed upon interaction with Hg(II) ions. The lower rim modification of thiacalixarene with N-(4-(tert-butyl)-phenyl)-2-chloroacetamide actively contributes toward the fluorescence property due to the presence of strong electron-donating aryl amido substituent. Fluorescence titration experiments were conducted to find out the limit of detection and to understand binding stoichiometry as well. The electron transfer interactions between the electron rich TCAN2PA host with Hg(II) ions have been postulated which is also supported by computational modelling insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashukumar Verma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Krunal Modi
- Department of Chemistry, Mehsana Urban Institute of Science, Ganpat University, Kherva, Gujarat, 384012, India
| | - Shuvankar Dey
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Anita Kongor
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Manthan Panchal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Manoj Vora
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Falak Panjwani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - V K Jain
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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11
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Kaushik J, Tripathi KM, Singh R, Sonkar SK. Thiourea-functionalized graphene aerogel for the aqueous phase sensing of toxic Pb(II) metal ions and H 2O 2. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132105. [PMID: 34826890 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A simpler approach of functionalization for the fabrication of thiourea-functionalized-Graphene Aerogel (t-GA) is described here. Graphene Aerogel (GA) was synthesized from bio-mass, which on a simpler oxidative treatment get converted to its water-soluble version due to the impregnation of several oxygenous functionalities like carboxylic, hydroxyl, etc. Further, these carboxylated groups have been functionalized with the molecules of thiourea using the long known dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) as a coupling agent. The as-synthesized t-GA shows bright yellow fluorescence with a quantum yield of ~3% and holds the high-aqueous solubility and photostability. The fluorescence property of t-GA has been used here for the specific and selective sensing of toxic lead (Pb(II)) metal ions from the used many other metal ions via the fluorescence quenching and showed a limit of detection ~7.3 nM. Further, the mechanism for selective sensing was studied in detail and found to be preferable via ligand to metal charge transfer quenching mechanism. The cyclic voltammetry studies supported the selective sensing of Pb(II). Moreover, t-GA has also been studied for the sensing of hydrogen peroxide and as a yellow fluorescent ink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaidev Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kumud Malika Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Petroleum and Energy, Visakhapatnam, 530003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Maharani Shri Jaya Government Post-Graduate College, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, 321001, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Sonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India.
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12
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Saini A, Singh J, Kumar S. Optically superior fluorescent probes for selective imaging of cells, tumors, and reactive chemical species. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5208-5236. [PMID: 34037048 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00509j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent chemical probes have become powerful tools to study biological events in living cells. They provide a great opportunity to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the physiological and biochemical properties of living cells in real time. The ability of researchers to manipulate these probes for a desired specific purpose has turned many heads in the scientific community. Despite a slow start, fluorescent probe research has seen exponential growth over the last decade in the world. This change required some adventurous and creative scientists from different fields-like biology, medicine, and chemistry-to come together to facilitate the constant expansion of this field. This review article introduces some fundamental concepts related to fluorescent probe designing and development. It also summarizes various fluorescent probes with superior optical properties used in fields like cell biology, cellular imaging, medical research, and cancer diagnosis. It is hoped that this article will encourage more young and creative scientists to contribute their talents to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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Jiang H, Tang D, Li N, Li J, Li Z, Han Q, Liu X, Zhu X. A novel chemosensor for the distinguishable detections of Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ by off-on fluorescence and ratiometric UV-visible absorption. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119365. [PMID: 33418474 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel dual-functional chemosensor, derived from the conjugation of rhodamine B with a quinoline derivative (RHQ), was firstly synthesized with high efficiency and cost-effectiveness for the distinguishable detections of Cu2+ and Hg2+ via ring-opening and ring-forming mechanism. The chemosensor exhibits highly selective and distinguishable responses for Cu2+ and Hg2+ in CH3CN-H2O (4:1, v/v) with off-on fluorescence and ratiometric ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption changes. Additionally, Cu2+ is identified by opening a rhodamine spirocycle with a UV-Vis absorption band, at around 560 nm and fluorescence turn-on. Interestingly, Hg2+ is discerned by opening the rhodamine spirocycle and by generating a new special cycle for the quinoline unit. Resultantly, there were two UV-Vis absorption bands at around 365 nm and 560 nm, which were accompanied by fluorescence turn-on. Moreover, the chemosensor can quantitatively detect Cu2+ and Hg2+ by off-on fluorescence and ratiometric UV-Vis absorption changes, respectively. Furthermore, the chemosensor with low cytotoxicity could be successfully administered to monitor Cu2+ and Hg2+ in living cells. This work may pay the way for the development of dual-functional chemosensor for quantificationally detecting metal ions in environmental and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huie Jiang
- College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Danni Tang
- College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Nihao Li
- College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Junwei Li
- College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Qingxin Han
- College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- College of Bioresources Chemistry and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xunjin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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Bhardwaj V, Nurchi VM, Sahoo SK. Mercury Toxicity and Detection Using Chromo-Fluorogenic Chemosensors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:123. [PMID: 33562543 PMCID: PMC7915024 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), this non-essential heavy metal released from both industrial and natural sources entered into living bodies, and cause grievous detrimental effects to the human health and ecosystem. The monitoring of Hg2+ excessive accumulation can be beneficial to fight against the risk associated with mercury toxicity to living systems. Therefore, there is an emergent need of novel and facile analytical approaches for the monitoring of mercury levels in various environmental, industrial, and biological samples. The chromo-fluorogenic chemosensors possess the attractive analytical parameters of low-cost, enhanced detection ability with high sensitivity, simplicity, rapid on-site monitoring ability, etc. This review was narrated to summarize the mercuric ion selective chromo-fluorogenic chemosensors reported in the year 2020. The design of sensors, mechanisms, fluorophores used, analytical performance, etc. are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Surat 395007, India;
| | - Valeria M. Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
| | - Suban K. Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT), Surat 395007, India;
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