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Vishwakarma A, Sinha N. Determination of the Optimum Architecture of Additively Manufactured Magnetic Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering and Drug-Delivery Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 39382202 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
For better bone regeneration, precise control over the architecture of the scaffolds is necessary. Because the shape of the pore may affect the bone regeneration, therefore, additive manufacturing has been used in this study to fabricate magnetic bioactive glass (MBG) scaffolds with three different architectures, namely, grid, gyroid, and Schwarz D surface with 15 × 15 × 15 mm3 dimensions and 70% porosity. These scaffolds have been fabricated using an in-house-developed material-extrusion-based additive manufacturing system. The composition of bioactive glass was selected as 45% SiO2, 20% Na2O, 23% CaO, 6% P2O5, 2.5% B2O3, 1% ZnO, 2% MgO, and 0.5% CaF2 (wt %), and additionally 0.4 wt % of iron carbide nanoparticles were incorporated. Afterward, MBG powder was mixed with a 25% (w/v) Pluronic F-127 solution to prepare a slurry for fabricating scaffolds at 23% relative humidity. The morphological characterization using microcomputed tomography revealed the appropriate pore size distribution and interconnectivity of the scaffolds. The compressive strengths of the fabricated grid, gyroid, and Schwarz D scaffolds were found to be 14.01 ± 1.01, 10.78 ± 1.5, and 12.57 ± 1.2 MPa, respectively. The in vitro study was done by immersing the MBG scaffolds in simulated body fluid for 1, 3, 7, and 14 days. Darcy's law, which describes the flow through porous media, was used to evaluate the permeability of the scaffolds. Furthermore, an anticancer drug (Mitomycin C) was loaded onto these scaffolds, wherein these scaffolds depicted good release behavior. Overall, gyroid-structured scaffolds were found to be the most suitable among the three scaffolds considered in this study for bone tissue engineering and drug-delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Vishwakarma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Niraj Sinha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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Hao Y, Shi C, Zhang Y, Zou R, Dong S, Yang C, Niu L. The research status and future direction of polyetheretherketone in dental implant -A comprehensive review. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:609-620. [PMID: 39085142 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2024-076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Currently, dental implants primarily rely on the use of titanium and titanium alloys. However, the extensive utilization of these materials in clinical practice has unveiled various problems including stress shielding, corrosion, allergic reactions, cytotoxicity, and image artifacts. As a result, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has emerged as a notable alternative due to its favorable mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, biocompatibility, radiation penetrability and MRI compatibility. Meanwhile, the advancement and extensive application of 3D printing technology has expanded the range of medical applications for PEEK, including artificial spines, skulls, ribs, shinbones, hip joints, and temporomandibular joints. In this review, we aim to assess the advantages and disadvantages of PEEK as a dental implant material, summarize the measures taken to address its shortcomings and their effects, and provide insight into the future potential of PEEK in dental implant applications, with the goal of offering guidance and reference for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Hao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases
| | - Changquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases
| | - Shaojie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
| | | | - Lin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University
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Wang D, Jiang C, Li J, Guo J, Zhang J, Ba F, Li Y, He G. Effects of porosity distribution on mechanical properties and osseointegration of porous polyetheretherketone. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 166:214043. [PMID: 39276660 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.214043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 09/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Porous polyetheretherketone (P-PEEK) is widely used as the material for making implant screws, and yet its mechanical properties and osseointegration for ultilization are still unsatisfied. In this work, the effects of the porosity distribution on the mechanical properties and osseointegration were investigated. Functionally graded P-PEEK (FGP-PEEK) and uniform P-PEEK (UP-PEEK) were developed by infiltration casting technology. The mechanical properties of the P-PEEK were studied by compressive and bending tests, and the osseointegration was evaluated by in vitro and rabbit femur experiments. The prepared FGP-PEEK was composed of the central dense part and its surrounding porous one where the pores were isodiametric and interconnected. Both the compressive strength and bending strength of the FGP-PEEK with graded porosity were higher than those of the UP-PEEK with uniform porosity. The mechanical properties of the FGP-PEEK were comparable to that of the human cancellous bone. The in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated the FGP-PEEK had no cytotoxicity, and its osseointegration was better than the UP-PEEK. The results demonstrated that the graded porosity had a superiority in the mechanical properties and osseointegration of the P-PEEK scaffolds compared to the uniform porosity. The influencing mechanisms of the porosity distribution on the mechanical properties and osseointegration were also clarified. Additionally, the osseointegration of the FGP-PEEK gradually increased as the surface porosity increased from 30 % to 50 %. The 50 %-surface porosity FGP-PEEK was a promising material on the application of the implant screws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Cuncai Jiang
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiayi Guo
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jingxin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fahai Ba
- Shanghai Research Institute of Materials Co., Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yageng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guo He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Sajad Daneshi S, Tayebi L, Talaei-Khozani T, Tavanafar S, Hadaegh AH, Rasoulianboroujeni M, Rastegari B, Asadi-Yousefabad SL, Nammian P, Zare S, Mussin NM, Kaliyev AA, Zhelisbayeva KR, Tanideh N, Tamadon A. Reconstructing Critical-Sized Mandibular Defects in a Rabbit Model: Enhancing Angiogenesis and Facilitating Bone Regeneration via a Cell-Loaded 3D-Printed Hydrogel-Ceramic Scaffold Application. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3316-3330. [PMID: 38619014 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we propose a spatially patterned 3D-printed nanohydroxyapatite (nHA)/beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)/collagen composite scaffold incorporating human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hDP-MSCs) for bone regeneration in critical-sized defects. We investigated angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a rabbit critical-sized mandibular defect model treated with this engineered construct. The critical and synergistic role of collagen coating and incorporation of stem cells in the regeneration process was confirmed by including a cell-free uncoated 3D-printed nHA/β-TCP scaffold, a stem cell-loaded 3D-printed nHA/β-TCP scaffold, and a cell-free collagen-coated 3D-printed nHA/β-TCP scaffold in the experimental design, in addition to an empty defect. Posteuthanasia evaluations through X-ray analysis, histological assessments, immunohistochemistry staining, histomorphometry, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) suggest the formation of substantial woven and lamellar bone in the cell-loaded collagen-coated 3D-printed nHA/β-TCP scaffolds. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated a significant increase in osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, bone area, and vascularization compared to that observed in the control group. Conversely, a significant decrease in fibroblasts/fibrocytes and connective tissue was observed in this group compared to that in the control group. RT-PCR indicated a significant upregulation in the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, including BMP2, ALPL, SOX9, Runx2, and SPP1. The findings suggest that the hDP-MSC-loaded 3D-printed nHA/β-TCP/collagen composite scaffold is promising for bone regeneration in critical-sized defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Sajad Daneshi
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | - Saeid Tavanafar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 97178, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Hadaegh
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
- Ryangene Biolab Co. LTD, Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | | | - Banafsheh Rastegari
- Ryangene Biolab Co. LTD, Shiraz 71348, Iran
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | - Seyedeh-Leili Asadi-Yousefabad
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | - Pegah Nammian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Zare
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | - Nadiar M Mussin
- Department of Surgery No. 2, West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan
| | - Asset A Kaliyev
- Department of Surgery No. 2, West Kazakhstan Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan
| | - Kulyash R Zhelisbayeva
- Department of Scientific Works, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan
| | - Nader Tanideh
- Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348, Iran
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 71348, Iran
| | - Amin Tamadon
- PerciaVista R&D Co., Shiraz 71348, Iran
- Department of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe 030012, Kazakhstan
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Janmohammadi M, Nourbakhsh MS, Bahraminasab M, Tayebi L. Enhancing bone tissue engineering with 3D-Printed polycaprolactone scaffolds integrated with tragacanth gum/bioactive glass. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100872. [PMID: 38075257 PMCID: PMC10709082 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue-engineered bone substitutes, characterized by favorable physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties, present a promising alternative for addressing bone defects. In this study, we employed an innovative 3D host-guest scaffold model, where the host component served as a mechanical support, while the guest component facilitated osteogenic effects. More specifically, we fabricated a triangular porous polycaprolactone framework (host) using advanced 3D printing techniques, and subsequently filled the framework's pores with tragacanth gum-45S5 bioactive glass as the guest component. Comprehensive assessments were conducted to evaluate the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the designed scaffolds. Remarkably, successful integration of the guest component within the framework was achieved, resulting in enhanced bioactivity and increased strength. Our findings demonstrated that the scaffolds exhibited ion release (Si, Ca, and P), surface apatite formation, and biodegradation. Additionally, in vitro cell culture assays revealed that the scaffolds demonstrated significant improvements in cell viability, proliferation, and attachment. Significantly, the multi-compartment scaffolds exhibited remarkable osteogenic properties, indicated by a substantial increase in the expression of osteopontin, osteocalcin, and matrix deposition. Based on our results, the framework provided robust mechanical support during the new bone formation process, while the guest component matrix created a conducive micro-environment for cellular adhesion, osteogenic functionality, and matrix production. These multi-compartment scaffolds hold great potential as a viable alternative to autografts and offer promising clinical applications for bone defect repair in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Janmohammadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Bahraminasab
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 3513138111, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
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Chen J, Xiao J, Han X, Sima X, Guo W. An HA/PEEK scaffold with modified crystallinity via 3D-bioprinting for multiple applications in hard tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2023; 18:065021. [PMID: 37852224 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Hard tissues, especially teeth and bones, are highly mineralized and the large-scale defect or total loss of them is irreversible. There is still no ideal strategy for the reconstruction of various hard tissue defects that can achieve the balance between biological and mechanical properties. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has the potential to substitute for natural hard tissue in defect areas but is limited by its biological inertness. The addition of hydroxyapatite (HA) can significantly improve the osteogenic properties and osteointegration of PEEK materials. But the mechanical properties of HA/PEEK scaffolds are far from satisfaction making scaffolds easy to fracture. We put forward a strategy to balance the mechanical and biological properties of HA/PEEK scaffolds via the regulation of the inner crystallinity and HA mixing ratio and we systematically evaluated the modified HA/PEEK scaffolds through material characterization,in vitroandin vivoexperiments. And we found that the 20%HA/PEEK scaffolds with low crystallinity achieved the required strength and elasticity, and exhibited the characteristics of promoting the proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The results of the implantation of beagles' teeth, mandible and rib showed that the 20%HA/PEEK scaffold with low crystallinity could well withstand the local complex force in the defect area and combine well with natural bone tissue, which made it a candidate for a practical versatile hard tissue engineering scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiutian Sima
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
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Wang W, Liu P, Zhang B, Gui X, Pei X, Song P, Yu X, Zhang Z, Zhou C. Fused Deposition Modeling Printed PLA/Nano β-TCP Composite Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds for Promoting Osteogenic Induction Function. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5815-5830. [PMID: 37869064 PMCID: PMC10590137 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s416098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Large bone defects caused by congenital defects, infections, degenerative diseases, trauma, and tumors often require personalized shapes and rapid reconstruction of the bone tissue. Three-dimensional (3D)-printed bone tissue engineering scaffolds exhibit promising application potential. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology can flexibly select and prepare printed biomaterials and design and fabricate bionic microstructures to promote personalized large bone defect repair. FDM-3D printing technology was used to prepare polylactic acid (PLA)/nano β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) composite bone tissue engineering scaffolds in this study. The ability of the bone-tissue-engineered scaffold to repair bone defects was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Methods PLA/nano-TCP composite bone tissue engineering scaffolds were prepared using FDM-3D printing technology. The characterization data of the scaffolds were obtained using relevant detection methods. The physical and chemical properties, biocompatibility, and in vitro osteogenic capacity of the scaffolds were investigated, and their bone repair capacity was evaluated using an in vivo animal model of rabbit femur bone defects. Results The FDM-printed PLA/nano β-TCP composite scaffolds exhibited good personalized porosity and shape, and their osteogenic ability, biocompatibility, and bone repair ability in vivo were superior to those of pure PLA. The merits of biodegradable PLA and bioactive nano β-TCP ceramics were combined to improve the overall biological performance of the composites. Conclusion The FDM-printed PLA/nano-β-TCP composite scaffold with a ratio of 7:3 exhibited good personalized porosity and shape, as well as good osteogenic ability, biocompatibility, and bone repair ability. This study provides a promising strategy for treating large bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Boqing Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Gui
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changchun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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Su Q, Qiao Y, Xiao Y, Yang S, Wu H, Li J, He X, Hu X, Yang H, Yong X. Research progress of 3D printed poly (ether ether ketone) in the reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1259696. [PMID: 37662437 PMCID: PMC10469012 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1259696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical challenge of bone defects in the craniomaxillofacial region, which can lead to significant physiological dysfunction and psychological distress, persists due to the complex and unique anatomy of craniomaxillofacial bones. These critical-sized defects require the use of bone grafts or substitutes for effective reconstruction. However, current biomaterials and methods have specific limitations in meeting the clinical demands for structural reinforcement, mechanical support, exceptional biological performance, and aesthetically pleasing reconstruction of the facial structure. These drawbacks have led to a growing need for novel materials and technologies. The growing development of 3D printing can offer significant advantages to address these issues, as demonstrated by the fabrication of patient-specific bioactive constructs with controlled structural design for complex bone defects in medical applications using this technology. Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), among a number of materials used, is gaining recognition as a feasible substitute for a customized structure that closely resembles natural bone. It has proven to be an excellent, conformable, and 3D-printable material with the potential to replace traditional autografts and titanium implants. However, its biological inertness poses certain limitations. Therefore, this review summarizes the distinctive features of craniomaxillofacial bones and current methods for bone reconstruction, and then focuses on the increasingly applied 3D printed PEEK constructs in this field and an update on the advanced modifications for improved mechanical properties, biological performance, and antibacterial capacity. Exploring the potential of 3D printed PEEK is expected to lead to more cost-effective, biocompatible, and personalized treatment of craniomaxillofacial bone defects in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Su
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixin Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yile Xiao
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinlong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xulin Hu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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9
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Wei Z, Zhang Z, Zhu W, Weng X. Polyetheretherketone development in bone tissue engineering and orthopedic surgery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1207277. [PMID: 37456732 PMCID: PMC10345210 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1207277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely used in the medical field as an implant material, especially in bone tissue engineering and orthopedic surgery, in recent years. This material exhibits superior stability at high temperatures and is biosecured without harmful reactions. However, the chemical and biological inertness of PEEK still limits its applications. Recently, many approaches have been applied to improve its performance, including the modulation of physical morphology, chemical composition and antimicrobial agents, which advanced the osteointegration as well as antibacterial properties of PEEK materials. Based on the evolution of PEEK biomedical devices, many studies on the use of PEEK implants in spine surgery, joint surgery and trauma repair have been performed in the past few years, in most of which PEEK implants show better outcomes than traditional metal implants. This paper summarizes recent studies on the modification and application of biomedical PEEK materials, which provides further research directions for PEEK implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanqi Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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10
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A biomimetic gradient porous cage with a micro-structure for enhancing mechanical properties and accelerating osseointegration in spinal fusion. Bioact Mater 2023; 23:234-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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11
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Porous surface with fusion peptides embedded in strontium titanate nanotubes elevates osteogenic and antibacterial activity of additively manufactured titanium alloy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 224:113188. [PMID: 36773409 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
It is still a big challenge in orthopedics to treat infected bone defects properly using medical metals. The use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffold materials that simultaneously mimic the skeletal hierarchy and induce sustainable osteogenic and antibacterial functions are a promising solution with an increasing appeal. In this study, we first designed a bifunctional fusion peptide (HHC36-RGD, HR) by linking antimicrobial peptide (HHC36) and arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide via 6-aminohexanoic acid. Then the 3D scaffold was fabricated by additive manufacturing, and the strontium titanate nanotube structure (3D-STN) was constructed on its surface. Finally, the HR was anchored to the 3D-STN with the aid of polydopamine (PDA, P), forming the 3D-STN-P-HR scaffold. The results showed that the scaffold exhibited an ordered 3D porous structure, and that the surface was covered by a dense HHC36-RGD layer. Expectedly, the adsorption of PDA effectively slowed down the release of HR. Moreover, the functionalized scaffold had a significant inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and its antibacterial rate could reach more than 95%. The results of in vitro cell culture experiments demonstrated that the 3D-STN-P-HR scaffold possessed excellent cytocompatibility and could promote the transcription of osteogenic differentiation-related genes and the expression of related proteins. In conclusion, the functionally modified 3D porous titanium alloy scaffold (3D-STN-P-HR) has a balanced antibacterial and osteogenic function, which bodes well for future potential in the customized functional reconstruction of complex-shaped infected bone defects.
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12
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Wu C, Zeng B, Shen D, Deng J, Zhong L, Hu H, Wang X, Li H, Xu L, Deng Y. Biomechanical and osteointegration study of 3D-printed porous PEEK hydroxyapatite-coated scaffolds. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:435-448. [PMID: 36106718 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2124352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study as to evaluate the biomechanical and osteointegration properties of 3D printed porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating by simulated body fluid (SBF) method. Cylindrical scaffolds were designed and fabricated by using PEEK material through fused deposition molding (FDM). The scaffolds were divided into solid group, porous group and porous-HA group (decorated by hydroxyapatite). The mechanical properties of each group of scaffolds were tested. Then, a total of 12 New Zealand rabbits were implemented for implantation of scaffolds at femoral condyle. Finally, the osteointegration ability of scaffolds were evaluated by Micro computed tomography (Micro-CT), histology and fluorescence staining. The HA was successfully decorated on the surface of the PEEK scaffold. The modulus of solid, porous and porous-HA group was 1289.43 ± 71.44 MPa, 196.36 ± 9.89 MPa and 183.29 ± 7.71 MPa, and the compressive strength was 107.24 ± 5.15 MPa, 33.12 ± 3.86 MPa and 29.99 ± 4.16 MPa, respectively. The micro-CT results showed that the bone volume/total volume ratio (BV/TV) in the porous-HA group was significantly greater than that in solid and porous group. Compared with porous group, the trabecular number (Tb. N) and trabecular thickness (Tb. Th) of porous-HA group was higher, and the trabecular spacing (Tb. Sp) was lower. The histology and fluorescence staining showed that more new bone tissue was formed in the porous-HA at different periods compared with the porous and solid groups. In addition, according to the results of the biomechanical test and osteointegration assessment, the biomechanical properties of 3D-printed porous PEEK scaffolds are close to human trabecular bone tissue, and the hydroxyapatite coating does not degrade its biomechanical performance. The porous structure can facilitate the integration of bone tissue, and the HA coating can markedly improve this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Orthopedics Center of Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China.,Institute of Digital Medicine, Zigong Academy of Big Data for Medical Science and Artificial Intelligence, Zigong, China
| | - Baifang Zeng
- Orthopedics Center of Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Danwei Shen
- Institute of Digital Medicine, Zigong Academy of Big Data for Medical Science and Artificial Intelligence, Zigong, China
| | - Jiayan Deng
- Institute of Digital Medicine, Zigong Academy of Big Data for Medical Science and Artificial Intelligence, Zigong, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, China
| | - Haigang Hu
- Orthopedics Center of Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Orthopedics Center of Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Hong Li
- Orthopedics Center of Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Lian Xu
- Orthopedics Center of Zigong Fourth People's Hospital, Zigong, China
| | - Yi Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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13
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Li Z, Li Y, Xu W, Yu J, Tong S, Zhang X, Ye X. 3D-printed polyether-ether-ketone/n-TiO 2 composite enhances the cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells by downregulating miR-154-5p. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230636. [PMID: 36760721 PMCID: PMC9885016 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The object was to enhance the bioactivity of pure polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) by incorporating nano-TiO2 (n-TiO2) and investigate its potential mechanism. PEEK/n-TiO2 composite was manufactured using a 3D PEEK printer and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 3D profiler, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses. Cytocompatibility was tested using SEM, fluorescence, and cell counting kit-8 assays. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by osteogenic gene and mineralized nodule levels. The expression of the candidate miRNAs were detected in composite group, and its role in osteogenic differentiation was studied. As a results the 3D-printed PEEK/n-TiO2 composite (Φ = 25 mm, H = 2 mm) was successfully fabricated, and the TiO2 nanoparticles were well distributed and retained the nanoscale size of the powder. The Ra value of the composite surface was 2.69 ± 0.29, and Ti accounted for 22.29 ± 12.09% (in weight), and FT-IR analysis confirmed the characteristic peaks of TiO2. The cells in the composite group possessed better proliferation and osteogenic differentiation abilities than those in the PEEK group. miR-154-5p expression was decreased in the composite group, and the inhibition of miR-154-5p significantly enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation abilities. In conclusion, 3D-printed PEEK/n-TiO2 composite enhanced cytocompatibility and osteogenic induction ability by downregulating miR-154-5p, which provides a promising solution for improving the osteointegration of PEEK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200336, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200336, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1111 XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jimin Yu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shichao Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200336, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200336, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongren Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200336, People’s Republic of China
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14
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3D printing of bio-instructive materials: Toward directing the cell. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:292-327. [PMID: 35574057 PMCID: PMC9058956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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15
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Wang J, Lei J, Hu Y, Meng L, Li W, Zhu F, Xie B, Wang Y, Yang C, Wu Q. Calcium Silicate Whiskers-Enforced Poly(Ether-Ether-Ketone) Composites with Improved Mechanical Properties and Biological Activities for Bearing Bone Reconstruction. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200321. [PMID: 36057971 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) displays promising potential application in bone tissue repair and orthopedic surgery due to its good biocompatibility and chemical stability. However, the bio-inertness and poor mechanical strength of PEEK greatly limit its application in load-bearing bones. In this study, calcium silicate whiskers (CSws) are synthesized and then compounded with PEEK to fabricate the PEEK/CSw composites with excellent mechanical properties, biological activity. Compared with PEEK, the PEEK/CSw composites exhibited higher hydrophilicity and ability to deposit hydroxyapatite on the surface. CSws are evenly dispersed in the PEEK matrix at 10 wt% content and the mechanical strength of the PEEK/CSw composite is ≈96.9 ± 2.4 MPa, 136.3 ± 2.4 MPa, and 266.0 ± 3.2 MPa, corresponding to tensile strength, compressive strength, and bending strength, respectively, which is 20%, 18%, and 52% higher than that of pure PEEK. The composites improve the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, PEEK/CSw composite remarkably improves bone formation and osteointegration, which has higher bone repair capacity than PEEK. These results demonstrate that the PEEK/CSw scaffolds display superior abilities to integrate with the host bone and promising potential in the field of load bearing bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jie Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Yanru Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Lihui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Bing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Youfa Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Material and Engineering Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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16
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Zhang J, Tong D, Song H, Ruan R, Sun Y, Lin Y, Wang J, Hou L, Dai J, Ding J, Yang H. Osteoimmunity-Regulating Biomimetically Hierarchical Scaffold for Augmented Bone Regeneration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202044. [PMID: 35785450 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Engineering a proper immune response following biomaterial implantation is essential to bone tissue regeneration. Herein, a biomimetically hierarchical scaffold composed of deferoxamine@poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles (DFO@PCL NPs), manganese carbonyl (MnCO) nanosheets, gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel, and a polylactide/hydroxyapatite (HA) matrix is fabricated to augment bone repair by facilitating the balance of the immune system and bone metabolism. First, a 3D printed stiff scaffold with a well-organized gradient structure mimics the cortical and cancellous bone tissues; meanwhile, an inside infusion of a soft hydrogel further endows the scaffold with characteristics of the extracellular matrix. A Fenton-like reaction between MnCO and endogenous hydrogen peroxide generated at the implant-tissue site triggers continuous release of carbon monoxide and Mn2+ , thus significantly lessening inflammatory response by upregulating the M2 phenotype of macrophages, which also secretes vascular endothelial growth factor to induce vascular formation. Through activating the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α pathway, Mn2+ and DFO@PCL NP further promote angiogenesis. Moreover, DFO inhibits osteoclast differentiation and synergistically collaborates with the osteoinductive activity of HA. Based on amounts of data in vitro and in vivo, strong immunomodulatory, intensive angiogenic, weak osteoclastogenic, and superior osteogenic abilities of such an osteoimmunity-regulating scaffold present a profound effect on improving bone regeneration, which puts forward a worthy base and positive enlightenment for large-scale bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Honghai Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Renjie Ruan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yifu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yandai Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Linxi Hou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Jiayong Dai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou, 310016, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
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17
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Development of an architecture-property model for triply periodic minimal surface structures and validation using material extrusion additive manufacturing with polyetheretherketone (PEEK). J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 133:105345. [PMID: 35809464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Additively manufactured structures designed from triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs) have been receiving attention for their potential uses in the medical, aerospace, and automobile industries. Understanding how these complex geometries can be designed to achieve particular architectural and mechanical properties is essential for tuning their function to certain applications. In this study, we created design tools for visualizing the interplay between TPMS design parameters and resulting architecture and aimed to validate a model of the relationship between structure architecture and Young's modulus. A custom MATLAB script was written to analyze structural properties for families of Schoen gyroid and Schwarz diamond structures, and a numerical homogenization scheme was performed to predict the effective Young's moduli of the structures based on their architecture. Our modeling methods were validated experimentally with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) structures created using material extrusion additive manufacturing. The architectural characteristics of the structures were determined using micro-computed tomography, and compression testing was performed to determine yield strength and Young's modulus. Two different initial build orientations were tested to determine the behavior both perpendicular and parallel to the layer deposition direction (referred to as z-direction and xy-direction, respectively). The z-direction Young's modulus ranged from 289.7 to 557.5 MPa and yield strength ranged from 10.12 to 20.3 MPa. For the xy-direction, Young's modulus ranged from 133.8 to 416.4 MPa and yield strength ranged from 3.8 to 12.2 MPa. For each initial build orientation, the mechanical properties were found to decrease with increasing porosity, and failure occurred due to both strut bending and interlayer debonding. The mechanical properties predicted by the modeling agreed with the values found for z-direction samples (difference 2-11%) but less so for xy-direction samples (difference 27-62%) due to weak interlayer bonding and print path irregularities. Ultimately, the findings presented here provide better understanding of the range of properties achievable for additive manufacturing of PEEK and encouraging results for a TPMS architecture-property model.
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18
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3D Printed Biomimetic Metamaterials with Graded Porosity and Tapering Topology for Improved Cell Seeding and Bone Regeneration. Bioact Mater 2022; 25:677-688. [PMID: 37056269 PMCID: PMC10087492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic metallic biomaterials prepared for bone scaffolds have drawn more and more attention in recent years. However, the topological design of scaffolds is critical to cater to multi-physical requirements for efficient cell seeding and bone regeneration, yet remains a big scientific challenge owing to the coupling of mechanical and mass-transport properties in conventional scaffolds that lead to poor control towards favorable modulus and permeability combinations. Herein, inspired by the microstructure of natural sea urchin spines, biomimetic scaffolds constructed by pentamode metamaterials (PMs) with hierarchical structural tunability were additively manufactured via selective laser melting. The mechanical and mass-transport properties of scaffolds could be simultaneously tuned by the graded porosity (B/T ratio) and the tapering level (D/d ratio). Compared with traditional metallic biomaterials, our biomimetic PM scaffolds possess graded pore distribution, suitable strength, and significant improvements to cell seeding efficiency, permeability, and impact-tolerant capacity, and they also promote in vivo osteogenesis, indicating promising application for cell proliferation and bone regeneration using a structural innovation.
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19
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Joshi A, Choudhury S, Gugulothu SB, Visweswariah SS, Chatterjee K. Strategies to Promote Vascularization in 3D Printed Tissue Scaffolds: Trends and Challenges. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2730-2751. [PMID: 35696326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques for scaffold fabrication have shown promising advancements in recent years owing to the ability of the latest high-performance printers to mimic the native tissue down to submicron scales. Nevertheless, host integration and performance of scaffolds in vivo have been severely limited owing to the lack of robust strategies to promote vascularization in 3D printed scaffolds. As a result, researchers over the past decade have been exploring strategies that can promote vascularization in 3D printed scaffolds toward enhancing scaffold functionality and ensuring host integration. Various emerging strategies to enhance vascularization in 3D printed scaffolds are discussed. These approaches include simple strategies such as the enhancement of vascular in-growth from the host upon implantation by scaffold modifications to complex approaches wherein scaffolds are fabricated with their own vasculature that can be directly anastomosed or microsurgically connected to the host vasculature, thereby ensuring optimal integration. The key differences among the techniques, their pros and cons, and the future opportunities for utilizing each technique are highlighted here. The Review concludes with the current limitations and future directions that can help 3D printing emerge as an effective biofabrication technique to realize tissues with physiologically relevant vasculatures to ultimately accelerate clinical translation.
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Ansari MAA, Golebiowska AA, Dash M, Kumar P, Jain PK, Nukavarapu SP, Ramakrishna S, Nanda HS. Engineering biomaterials to 3D-print scaffolds for bone regeneration: practical and theoretical consideration. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:2789-2816. [PMID: 35510605 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00035k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
There are more than 2 million bone grafting procedures performed annually in the US alone. Despite significant efforts, the repair of large segmental bone defects is a substantial clinical challenge which requires bone substitute materials or a bone graft. The available biomaterials lack the adequate mechanical strength to withstand the static and dynamic loads while maintaining sufficient porosity to facilitate cell in-growth and vascularization during bone tissue regeneration. A wide range of advanced biomaterials are being currently designed to mimic the physical as well as the chemical composition of a bone by forming polymer blends, polymer-ceramic and polymer-degradable metal composites. Transforming these novel biomaterials into porous and load-bearing structures via three-dimensional printing (3DP) has emerged as a popular manufacturing technique to develop engineered bone grafts. 3DP has been adopted as a versatile tool to design and develop bone grafts that satisfy porosity and mechanical requirements while having the ability to form grafts of varied shapes and sizes to meet the physiological requirements. In addition to providing surfaces for cell attachment and eventual bone formation, these bone grafts also have to provide physical support during the repair process. Hence, the mechanical competence of the 3D-printed scaffold plays a key role in the success of the implant. In this review, we present various recent strategies that have been utilized to design and develop robust biomaterials that can be deployed for 3D-printing bone substitutes. The article also reviews some of the practical, theoretical and biological considerations adopted in the 3D-structure design and development for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aftab Alam Ansari
- Biomedical Engineering and Technology Lab, Mechanical engineering discipline, PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur, India.
- FFF Laboratory, Mechanical engineering discipline, PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur, India.
- International Centre for Sustainable and Net Zero Technologies, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM) Jabalpur, Dumna Airport Road, Jabalpur-482005, MP, India
| | - Aleksandra A Golebiowska
- Biomedical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Road, Unit 3247 Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Madhusmita Dash
- School of Minerals, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Arugul, Khurdha 752050, Odisha, India
- International Centre for Sustainable and Net Zero Technologies, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM) Jabalpur, Dumna Airport Road, Jabalpur-482005, MP, India
| | - Prasoon Kumar
- Biodesign and Medical device laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Prashant Kumar Jain
- FFF Laboratory, Mechanical engineering discipline, PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur, India.
| | - Syam P Nukavarapu
- Biomedical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, 260 Glenbrook Road, Unit 3247 Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117587, Singapore
| | - Himansu Sekhar Nanda
- Biomedical Engineering and Technology Lab, Mechanical engineering discipline, PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur, India.
- International Centre for Sustainable and Net Zero Technologies, PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing (IIITDM) Jabalpur, Dumna Airport Road, Jabalpur-482005, MP, India
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21
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Immobilization of Collagen on the Surface of a PEEK Implant with Monolayer Nanopores. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091633. [PMID: 35566803 PMCID: PMC9102333 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is the only polymer material that can replace titanium implants in the field of orthopedics. This is because the mechanical properties of PEEK are similar to those of bone, and PEEK has natural radiolucency, chemical stability, and sterilization resistance. Despite these advantages, PEEK has a disadvantage—that it is bio-inert. Therefore, many studies have attempted to change the bio-inertness of PEEK into bioactivity. Among them, a method of forming pores by acid treatment is attracting attention. In this study, an attempt was made to form pores on the surface of PEEK implant using a mixed acid of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. As a result, it was found that the condition when the PEEK surface is in contact with the acid is very important. That is, it was possible to form single-layered nanopores on the surface by contacting PEEK with a mixed acid under ultrasound. Additionally, by immobilizing type I collagen on the porous PEEK surface through dopamine coating, it was possible to obtain collagen-immobilized porous PEEK (P-PEEK-Col) with high compatibility with osteoblasts. This P-PEEK-Col has high potential for use as a bone substitute that promotes bone formation.
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22
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Fukazawa K, Mu M, Chen SH, Ishihara K. Photoinduced immobilization of 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polymers with different molecular architectures on a poly(ether ether ketone) surface. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2699-2707. [PMID: 35113114 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02415a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) has seen increasing use in biomedical fields as a replacement for metal implants. Accordingly, the surface functionalities of PEEK are important for the development of medical devices. We have focused on the application of photoinduced reactions in PEEK to immobilize a functional polymer via radical generation on the surface, which can react with hydrocarbon groups. In this study, we used zwitterionic copolymers comprising 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) units and n-butyl methacrylate (BMA) units with various molecular architectures for surface modification. A random copolymer (poly(MPC-co-BMA) (r-PMB)), an AB-type diblock copolymer (di-PMB), and an ABA-type triblock copolymer (tri-PMB) (A segment: poly(BMA); B segment: poly(MPC)) were synthesized with the same monomer compositions. All PMBs were successfully immobilized on the PEEK surface via UV irradiation after the dip-coating process, regardless of their molecular structure. In this reaction, the alkyl group of the BMA unit functioned as a photoreactive site on the PEEK surface. This indicates that the molecular structure differences affect the surface properties. For example, compared to r-PMB and tri-PMB, di-PMB-modified surfaces exhibited an extremely low water contact angle of approximately 10°. The findings of this study demonstrate that this surface functionalization method does not require a low-molecular-weight compound, such as an initiator, and can be applied to the surface of inert PEEK through a simple photoreaction under room temperature, atmospheric pressure, and dry state conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Fukazawa
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Mingwei Mu
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Sheng-Han Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Ishihara
- Department of Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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23
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Yu D, Lei X, Zhu H. Modification of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) physical features to improve osteointegration. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:189-203. [PMID: 35261215 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been widely applied in orthopedics because of its excellent mechanical properties, radiolucency, and biocompatibility. However, the bioinertness and poor osteointegration of PEEK have greatly limited its further application. Growing evidence proves that physical factors of implants, including their architecture, surface morphology, stiffness, and mechanical stimulation, matter as much as the composition of their surface chemistry. This review focuses on the multiple strategies for the physical modification of PEEK implants through adjusting their architecture, surface morphology, and stiffness. Many research findings show that transforming the architecture and incorporating reinforcing fillers into PEEK can affect both its mechanical strength and cellular responses. Modified PEEK surfaces at the macro scale and micro/nano scale have positive effects on cell-substrate interactions. More investigations are necessary to reach consensus on the optimal design of PEEK implants and to explore the efficiency of various functional implant surfaces. Soft-tissue integration has been ignored, though evidence shows that physical modifications also improve the adhesion of soft tissue. In the future, ideal PEEK implants should have a desirable topological structure with better surface hydrophilicity and optimum surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyue Lei
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huiyong Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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24
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Wang N, Qi D, Liu L, Zhu Y, Liu H, Zhu S. Fabrication of In Situ Grown Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Modified Porous Polyetheretherketone Matrix Composites to Promote Osteointegration and Enhance Bone Repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:831288. [PMID: 35295654 PMCID: PMC8919038 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.831288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The repairment of critical-sized bone defects is a serious problem that stimulates the development of new biomaterials. In this study, nanohydroxyapatite (nHA)-doped porous polyetheretherketone (pPEEK) were successfully fabricated by the thermally induced phase separation method and hydrothermal treatment. Structural analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction. The water contact angles and scanning electron microscopy were measured to assess physical properties of surfaces. The mechanical strength of the composites is also determined. Microcomputed tomography is used to characterize the nHA content of the composites. The in vitro bioactivity of the composites with or without nHA was investigated by using murine pre-osteoblasts MC3T3-E1, and the results of cytotoxicity and cell proliferation assays revealed that the cytocompatibility of all specimens was good. Adherence assays were employed to examine the adhesion and morphology of cells on different materials. However, nHA-doped composites induced cell attachment and cell spreading more significantly. Osteogenic differentiation was investigated using alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red staining, and these in vitro results demonstrated that composites containing nHA particles enhanced osteoblast differentiation. Its effectiveness for promoting osteogenesis was also confirmed in an in vivo animal experiment using a tibial defective rat model. After 8 weeks of implantation, compared to the pure PEEK and pPEEK without nHA groups, the nHA-pPEEK group showed better osteogenic activity. The results indicate that the nHA-pPEEK composites are possibly a well-designed bone substitute for critical-sized bone defects by promoting bone regeneration and osteointegration successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Wang
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Desheng Qi
- College of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Special Engineering Plastics, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanlin Zhu
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of General Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Song Zhu
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Song Zhu,
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25
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Ma L, Li G, Lei J, Song Y, Feng X, Tan L, Luo R, Liao Z, Shi Y, Zhang W, Liu X, Sheng W, Wu S, Yang C. Nanotopography Sequentially Mediates Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles for Enhancing Osteogenesis. ACS NANO 2022; 16:415-430. [PMID: 34935354 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Engineered small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are used as tools to enhance therapeutic efficacy. However, such application of sEVs is associated with several issues, including high costs and a high risk of tumorigenesis. Nanotopography has a greater influence on bone-related cell behaviors. However, whether nanotopography specifically mediate sEV content to perform particular biological functions remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that selective nanotopography may be used to sequentially mediate human bone mesenchymal stem cell (hBMSC) sEVs to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of hBMSCs-EVs for osteogenesis. We subjected sEVs harvested from hBMSCs cultured on polished titanium plates (Ti) or nanotopographical titanium plates (Ti4) after 7, 14, and 21 d for RNA sequencing, and we found that there was no significant difference in sEV-miRNA expression after 7 d. Differentially expressed osteogenic-related microRNAs were founded after 14 days, and KEGG analysis indicated that the main microRNAs were associated with osteogenesis-related pathways, such as TGF-beta, AMPK, and FoxO. A significant difference was found in sEV-miRNAs expression after 21 d. We loaded sEV secreted from hBMSCs cultured on Ti4 after 21 d on 3D-printed porous PEEK scaffolds with poly dopamine (PDA) and found that such scaffolds showed superior osteogenic ability after 6- and 12-weeks. Here, we demonstrate the alkali- and heat-treated nanotopography with the ability of stimulating osteogenic differentiation of hBMSC can induce the secretion of pro-osteogenesis sEV, and we also found that sEVs meditate osteogenesis through miRNA. Thus, whether nanotopography has the ability to regulate other contents of sEVs such as proteins for enhancing osteogenesis needs further research. These findings may help us use nanotopography to extract sEVs for other biomedical applications, including cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jie Lei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lei Tan
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Rongjin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhiwei Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yunsong Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiangmei Liu
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Weibin Sheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
| | - Shuilin Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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26
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Parisi C, Qin K, Fernandes FM. Colonization versus encapsulation in cell-laden materials design: porosity and process biocompatibility determine cellularization pathways. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2021; 379:20200344. [PMID: 34334019 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seeding materials with living cells has been-and still is-one of the most promising approaches to reproduce the complexity and the functionality of living matter. The strategies to associate living cells with materials are limited to cell encapsulation and colonization, however, the requirements for these two approaches have been seldom discussed systematically. Here we propose a simple two-dimensional map based on materials' pore size and the cytocompatibility of their fabrication process to draw, for the first time, a guide to building cellularized materials. We believe this approach may serve as a straightforward guideline to design new, more relevant materials, able to seize the complexity and the function of biological materials. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleo Parisi
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, UMR7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Kankan Qin
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, UMR7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Francisco M Fernandes
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Sorbonne Université, UMR7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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27
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Sharma N, Welker D, Aghlmandi S, Maintz M, Zeilhofer HF, Honigmann P, Seifert T, Thieringer FM. A Multi-Criteria Assessment Strategy for 3D Printed Porous Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Patient-Specific Implants for Orbital Wall Reconstruction. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3563. [PMID: 34441859 PMCID: PMC8397160 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure orbital blowout fractures occur within the confines of the internal orbital wall. Restoration of orbital form and volume is paramount to prevent functional and esthetic impairment. The anatomical peculiarity of the orbit has encouraged surgeons to develop implants with customized features to restore its architecture. This has resulted in worldwide clinical demand for patient-specific implants (PSIs) designed to fit precisely in the patient's unique anatomy. Material extrusion or Fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled the fabrication of implant-grade polymers such as Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), paving the way for a more sophisticated generation of biomaterials. This study evaluates the FFF 3D printed PEEK orbital mesh customized implants with a metric considering the relevant design, biomechanical, and morphological parameters. The performance of the implants is studied as a function of varying thicknesses and porous design constructs through a finite element (FE) based computational model and a decision matrix based statistical approach. The maximum stress values achieved in our results predict the high durability of the implants, and the maximum deformation values were under one-tenth of a millimeter (mm) domain in all the implant profile configurations. The circular patterned implant (0.9 mm) had the best performance score. The study demonstrates that compounding multi-design computational analysis with 3D printing can be beneficial for the optimal restoration of the orbital floor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Clinic of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland; (N.S.); (H.-F.Z.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (D.W.); (M.M.); (P.H.)
| | - Dennis Welker
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (D.W.); (M.M.); (P.H.)
| | - Soheila Aghlmandi
- Basel Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Michaela Maintz
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (D.W.); (M.M.); (P.H.)
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Medical Informatics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Florian Zeilhofer
- Clinic of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland; (N.S.); (H.-F.Z.)
| | - Philipp Honigmann
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (D.W.); (M.M.); (P.H.)
- Hand Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, CH-4410 Liestal, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, NL-1105 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Seifert
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Applied Sciences, DE-77652 Offenburg, Germany;
| | - Florian M. Thieringer
- Clinic of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland; (N.S.); (H.-F.Z.)
- Medical Additive Manufacturing Research Group (Swiss MAM), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (D.W.); (M.M.); (P.H.)
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28
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Alturki AM. Rationally design of electrospun polysaccharides polymeric nanofiber webs by various tools for biomedical applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:648-665. [PMID: 34102239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanofibers have a particular benefit when delivering a spectrum of therapeutic drugs for diverse biomedical applications. Nanofibers are easily fabricated from cellulose acetate, chitosan, polycaprolactone, and other polymers with regulated morphology and release profiles due to nanotechnology's recent advancement. This review will provide the latest approaches to the fabrication of electrospun nanofibers containing herbal extracts, antimicrobial peptides, and antibiotics for wound-healing potential. Besides, synthesis and evaluation of nanofibrous mats, including conducting polymer and evaluate their possibility for wound healing. In addition, nanofibers are loaded with some drugs for skin cancer treatment and contain growth factors for tissue regeneration. Also, the current two-dimensional nanofibers limitations and the various techniques for convert two-dimensional to three-dimension nanofibers to avoid these drawbacks. Moreover, the future direction in improving the three-dimensional structure and functionality has been including.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma M Alturki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
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29
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Gu X, Sun X, Sun Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Yu K, Wang Y, Zhou Y. Bioinspired Modifications of PEEK Implants for Bone Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:631616. [PMID: 33511108 PMCID: PMC7835420 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.631616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been increasingly employed as an implant material in clinical applications. Although PEEK is biocompatible, chemically stable, and radiolucent and has an elastic modulus similar to that of natural bone, it suffers from poor integration with surrounding bone tissue after implantation. To improve the bioactivity of PEEK, numerous strategies for functionalizing the PEEK surface and changing the PEEK structure have been proposed. Inspired by the components, structure, and function of bone tissue, this review discusses strategies to enhance the biocompatibility of PEEK implants and provides direction for fabricating multifunctional implants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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